Koumiss

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Koumiss (Mustache) - Turks. mwanasikana wedu – wakavirisa mukaka waMare.

Chinwiwa chinodhaka chinobva pamukaka waMare wakaviriswa. Inowanikwa nekuvirisa pasi pesimba re acidophilus uye Bulgarian Bacillus uye mbiriso. Chinwiwa chinonaka chinovava-chinotapira, chichena chine furo shoma pamusoro. Koumiss, yakagadzirwa kubva kumhando dzakasiyana dzetsika dzekutanga, inogona kunge iine huwandu hwakasiyana hwedoro. Zviri mukati maro zvinogona kusiyana kubva ku0.2 kusvika ku2.5 vol. Uye dzimwe nguva kusvika 4.5 anenge. Munguva yekuvirisa, mapuroteni emukaka anopatsanurwa kuita zvikamu zvinogayiwa nyore, uye lactose - kuita lactic acid, kabhoni dhaikisaidhi, doro, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

Nhoroondo yeKoumiss

Mare akaonekwa anopfuura makore zviuru zvishanu mushure mekuchengetwa kwemabhiza nemadzinza emamisha. Nzendo dzekuchera matongo dzakaitwa muMongolia, neCentral Asia dzakaratidza zvisaririra zvematehwe nemasara emukaka waMare. Ivo vakachengeta chakavanzika cheKoumiss kwenguva yakareba chakavanzika, uye vausingazive avo netsaona vakadzidza tekinoroji yekugadzirira chinwiwa vakapofomadzwa. Kumis ndicho chinwiwa chenyika yevaTurkic vanhu. Yakakurumbira Koumiss iri muTurkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, nedzimwe nyika dzeAsia.

Parizvino, iyo yekubheka koumiss inozivikanwa zvakanyanya, uye vanhu vanozvigadzira kwete chete kumba asiwo mumafekitori. Zvichienderana nemitemo yese yekugadzirwa kweKoumiss, iyo inodhura inogadzirwa. Naizvozvo, mukutsvaga kwemutengo unodhura wechinwiwa, vagadziri vazhinji vanotanga kushandisa mukaka waMare nemombe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, inoderedza zvakanyanya chinwiwa chinwiwa.

Koumiss

Kugadzirwa kweyekare koumiss kunoenderana nemukaka waMare une matanho akati wandei:

  1. mukaka goho reMare. Nekuda kweiyo shoma mukaka wemubereko mumwe wemukaka, vanhu vanokaka mares 3-6 kanomwe pazuva. Mafungu emukaka mumhino yemombe anotora masekondi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri kuti aunganidze mukaka wese mukuitika. Saka zvaizobatsira kana iwe uine ruoko rwakanyanya.
  2. mukanyiwa. Mukaka wese wavanodira mudhishi kubva kuLinden huni uye voisa Mature Mare starter. Ivo vanopisa musanganiswa kusvika 18-20 ° C uye unomutsa kwemaawa 1-6.
  3. Fermentation. Munguva yekusanganisa, pane inoitika nguva dzose yeakasangana lactic acid uye yekunwisa doro. Iri padanho rino rakavaka zvese zvinovaka muviri zveMare.
  4. Kukura. Musanganiswa unoguma vanodira muhombodo yegirazi yakavharika uye vanosiya kwemazuva 1-2 mukamuri inodziya. Munguva iyoyo inoitika yega kaboneti yechinwiwa.

Zvichienderana nenguva yekuibva, mukaka waMare unopatsanuka kuita mhando nhatu:

  • iyo kumys isina kusimba (1 vol.) Akakwegura kwezuva rimwe, ane furo diki, isina kunyanya kuvava, akaita semukaka, asi kana kakamira kadiki, saka nekukurumidza unosungirirwa mukamuri rezasi rakadzika uye mvura - kumusoro;
  • avhareji koumiss (inenge 1.75.) Kukura kwemazuva maviri. Kumeso kwayo kunogadzira furo rinoramba riripo, iko kuravira kunovava, kuchinjisa mutauro, uye chinwiwa chinowana yunifomu, yakagadzikana mamiriro emulsion;
  • koumiss yakasimba (3 vol.) Mazera kwemazuva matatu uye inova yakatetepa uye iine acidic kupfuura yepakati koumiss, uye furo rayo harina kugadzikana.

Koumiss

Zvakanakira Koumiss

Mukaka weMare une huwandu hukuru hwekudya kunogoneka ne95% yezvinhu. Kusanganisira mavhitaminzi (A, E, C, B boka), zvicherwa (simbi, ayodhini, mhangura), mafuta, uye mhenyu lactic acid mabhakitiriya.

Postnikov akaferefeta hunhu hunobatsira hwekoumiss muna 1858. Kubva pamabasa ake esainzi, ivo vakavhura nzvimbo dzekutandarira uye vakasimbisa nzira dzekurapa dzakakosha dzezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvine koumiss.

Mukaka waMare wakazara nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokuvadza kushanda kwetubercle bacilli, typhoid, uye dysentery. Lactic acid mabhakitiriya anokanganisa zvakanaka mudumbu uye anowedzera secretion yegastric muto unopwanya zvinhu zvine mafuta kubva pancreas uye gallbladder. Kubudirira kuita koumiss kurapwa kwemaronda emudumbu uye duodenum padanho mushure mekuwedzera. Utachiona hunobva kumis hunokanganisa kubereka nekukura kwezvipenyu zvinoora uye E. coli.

Koumiss Kurapa

Iyo yemoyo system. Koumiss ine maitiro akanaka pane kuumbwa uye zvivakwa zveropa. Inowedzera zvirimo zvemasero matsvuku eropa uye machena maseru eropa ayo anoshingairira kurwisa zvese zvisirizvo zvipenyu uye mabhakitiriya.

Tsinga dzetsinga. Mare Koumiss ine chinyaradzo uye chinozorodza mhedzisiro, inosimudzira kurara, inoderedza kusagadzikana uye kusingaperi kuneta.

Koumiss

Kunze kwekurapwa kwevanhu, Koumiss yakanaka kurapa chirwere chekugaya chemhuka huru: mabhiza, mhou, ngamera, mbongoro, uye hwai.

Zvichienderana nekuomarara uye hunhu hwechirwere, zera remurwere, pane nzira dzakakosha dzekugashira kumys, idzo mune dzimwe nzira dzakafanana nekushandiswa kwemaminerari emvura. Nguva yekurapa haifanire kunge iri pasi pemazuva 20-25.

Nzira dzekumwa chinwiwa dzinoenderana nemabasa epachivande emudumbu:

  1. neyakavanzika uye yakajairwa secretion shandisa avhareji mukaka waMama 500-750 ml pazuva (200-250 ml usati wadya kana 20-30 maminetsi usati wadya);
  2. kana yakaderedzwa secretion - avhareji mukaka waMare uine yakakwira acidity 750-1000 ml pazuva (250-300 ml usati wadya maminetsi 40-60);
  3. muzvirwere zvezvironda zvemudumbu zvinosangana pamwe nekukwirisa uye zvakajairika - vanachiremba vanokurudzira kunwa neSIP diki kumys isina kusimba 125-250 ml katatu pazuva;
  4. mune maronda ezvirwere zvemudumbu pamwe chete nekuderera kwekuvharira kwekushandisa vasina kusimba uye avhareji Koumiss kwe125-250 ml katatu pazuva pazuva kwemaminitsi makumi maviri nemakumi matatu vasati vadya. Zvinogona kubatsira kana iwe uchinwawo zvishoma nezvishoma mumaSIP madiki;
  5. apo mushure mekuvhiya uye nguva yekuvandudza uye zvirwere zvakakomba iwe unogona kushandisa isina simba koumiss 50-100 ml katatu pazuva kwemaawa 1-1,5 usati wadya.

Kukuvadza kweKoumiss uye zvinopesana

Koumiss inopesana nekuwedzera kwezvirwere zvemudumbu uye vanhu vane kusagadzikana kweumwe neumwe kunwa uye lactose.

Yakaviriswa Mare Mukaka aka Kumis - Sei Ungazvidye Izvo

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