Lumbar vertebrae inoumba chikamu chemuzongoza.

nzvimbo. Lumbar vertebrae inoumba chikamu chemuzongoza, kana musana, chimiro chebhonzo chiri pakati pemusoro nepelvis. Iyo musana inoumba hwaro hwetsoka hwe trunk, iri dorsally uye pamwe nemidline. Inotanga pasi pedehenya uye inosvika munzvimbo yemukati (1). Iyo musana wakagadzirwa neavhareji yemapfupa makumi matatu nematatu, anonzi vertebrae (33). Aya mapfupa akabatanidzwa pamwechete kuita axis, iyo ine mbiri S chimiro. Iko kune mashanu emakumbo emakumbo anoumba curve yakatarisana kumberi (2). Ivo vanogadzira iyo lumbar dunhu muzasi kumashure, uye iri pakati peiyo thoracic vertebrae uye iyo sacrum. Lumbar vertebrae akatumidzwa zita kubva kuL5 kusvika L3.

mamiriro. Imwe neimwe lumbar vertebra ine imwecheteyo mamiriro (1) (2):

• Muviri, chikamu chemuviri we vertebra, chakakura uye chakasimba. Inotakura huremu hwehutachiona axis.
• Iyo vertebral arch, iyo yakasarudzika chikamu cheiyo vertebra, inotenderedza iyo vertebral foramen.
• Iyo vertebral foramen ndiyo yepakati, yakakomberedzwa-chikamu cheiyo vertebra. Iyo murwi we vertebrae uye foramina inoumba vertebral canal, yakayambuka netambo yemuzongoza.

Majoini nekuisa. Lumbar vertebrae yakabatana kune imwe neimwe nemisungo. Ivo zvakare vane akati wandei maficha ekuona kuti vafambe kufamba. Intervertebral discs, fibrocartilages inosanganisira nucleus, iri pakati pemitumbi yevakidzani ve vertebrae (1) (2).

Musculature. Iyo musana wakafukidzwa nemhasuru dzekumashure.

Tsigiro uye yekudzivirira basa. Kugadzira musana, iyo lumbar vertebrae inobatsira kutsigira musoro uye kuchengetedza musana.

Basa mukufamba uye kumira. Inoumba musana, iyo lumbar vertebrae inoita kuti zvikwanise kuchengetedza mamiriro ehunde uye nekudaro kuchengetedza kumira. Maumbirwo eiyo vertebrae anotendera mazhinji mafambiro senge torsion kufamba kwe trunk, kukotama kwe trunk kana kunyangwe traction.

Zvirwere zviviri. Iyo inotsanangurwa sekurwadziwa kwenzvimbo uko kunotanga kazhinji kazhinji mumuzongoza uye kazhinji kunokanganisa mapoka emhasuru akaikomberedza. Kutambudzika kwekudzokera kumashure kunorwadza kwenzvimbo munzvimbo ye lumbar. Sciatica, inoratidzirwa nemarwadzo anotangira muzasi kumashure uye achiwedzera mugumbo. Kazhinji, izvo zvinokonzerwa nekumanikidza kweiyo sciatic nerve iyo dzimwe nguva inogona kukonzerwa ne lumbar vertebrae. Zvirwere zvakasiyana zvinogona kuve pakatangira kurwadziwa uku (4):

• Degenerative pathologies. Osteoarthritis inozivikanwa nekusakara uye kubvaruka kwetiketi inodzivirira mapfupa emajoini. (5) Iyo heniated disc inoenderana nekudzingwa kuseri kwechikamu cheiyo intervertebral disc, nekupfeka kwekupedzisira. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kudzvinyirira kwemuzongoza kana sciatic nerve.
• Kukanganisa kwemuzongoza. Kukanganisa kwekoramu kunogona kuitika. Scoliosis ndeyekufamba kwenguva musana (6). Lordosis inosanganisirwa neakasimudzira arch mune lumbar vertebrae. (6)
• Lumbago. Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuremara kana misodzi yemisumbu kana mhasuru iri mune lumbar vertebrae.

Mishonga yekurapa. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakawanikwa, mimwe mishonga inogona kupihwa marwadzo.

Physiotherapy. Kudzoreredza kumashure kunogona kuitwa ne physiotherapy kana osteopathy zvikamu.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakawanikwa, kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa mudunhu re lumbar.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kucherechedzwa kwechiremba kwekuseri kwemashure ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuziva zvisina kujairika.

Radiological bvunzo. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hunofungidzirwa kana hunoratidzwa, mimwe bvunzo inogona kuitwa seX-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI kana scintigraphy.

Basa rekutsvagisa. Vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuImerm unit vakaita kunge vakabudirira mukushandura adipose masero maseru kuita maseru anogona kutsiva intervertebral discs. Iri basa rinovavarira kumutsiridza yakasakara intervertebral discs, zvichikonzera kumwe kurwadziwa kwemusana. (7)