Gore negore muU.SA inopembererwa Zuva reNyika Sandwich, nechinangwa chekukudza chimwe chezvokudya zvakakurumbira mukondinendi yeAmerica. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti nhasi zororo iri rakakurumbira kwete muAmerica chete, asiwo munyika dzakawanda dzekuMadokero, uye izvi hazvishamisi.
Mushure mezvose, izvi, chaizvoizvo, sandwich - zvimedu zviviri zvechingwa kana mipumburu, pakati peiyo chero ipi zvayo yekuzadza inoiswa (inogona kuva nyama, hove, soseji, cheese, jamu, peanut butter, herbs kana zvimwe zvinhu). Nenzira, sandwich yakajairika inogona kunzi "yakavhurika" sandwich.
Sandwichi sendiro (isina zita) ine nhoroondo yavo kubvira kare. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kare muzana remakore rokutanga, muJudha Hillel muBhabhironi (uyo anonzi mudzidzisi waKristu) akatanga tsika yeIsita yekuputira musanganiswa wemaapuro akapwanyika uye nzungu dzakasanganiswa nezvinonhuwira muchidimbu che matzo. Chikafu ichi chaimiririra kutambura kwevanhu vechiJudha. Uye muMiddle Ages, pakanga pane tsika yekushandira stew pazvimedu zvakakura zvechingwa chakasakara, izvo zvakanyoroveswa mujusi panguva yekudya, iyo yaigutsa zvikuru uye yakachengetwa panyama. Kune mimwe mienzaniso mumabhuku, asi ndiro iyi ine zita rayo "sandwich", sezvinotaurwa nengano, muzana remakore rechi1.
Yakagamuchira zita rinoita ruzha murukudzo (1718-1792), 4th Earl yeSandwich, mumiriri weChirungu uye sachigaro, First Lord weAdmiralty. Sezvineiwo, Zvitsuwa zveSouth Sandwich zvakawanikwa naJames Cook parwendo rwake rwechitatu rwekutenderera pasirese zvakatumidzwa zita rake.
Maererano neshanduro yakajairika, iyo "sandwich" "yakagadzirwa" neMontague yekukurumidza snack panguva yemutambo wekadhi. Hongu, maiwe, zvese zvakajairika. Nhamba yacho yakanga iri mubhejeri anoshingaira uye aigona kupedza rinenge zuva ari patafura yokubhejera. Zvino paakanzwa nzara, vakamuvigira zvokudya. Yakanga iri mukati memutambo wakareba wakadaro uyo muvengi akarasikirwa akapomera kuverenga kwekupisa-musoro kuti "akasasa" makadhi neminwe yake yakasviba. Saka kuti izvi zvirege kuzoitika zvakare, akarayira muranda wake kuti aendese nhindi yemombe yakagochwa, yakaiswa pakati pezvimedu zviviri zvechingwa. Izvi zvakamubvumira kuti aenderere mberi nemutambo pasina kukanganisa kwekudya, asiwo pasina kusveta makadhi.
Munhu wose akanga ari chapupu chechisarudzo chakadaro akachifarira zvikuru, uye munguva pfupi sandwich yepakutanga "seSandwich", kana "sandwich", yakave yakakurumbira nevabhejeri vemunharaunda. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo zita rokuti "ndiro itsva" rakazvarwa, iro rakashandura nyika yekubika. Mushure mezvose, zvinotendwa kuti iyi ndiyo nzira iyo zvokudya zvinokurumidza zvakaonekwa.
Nekukurumidza, ndiro inonzi "sandwich" yakapararira mumatavern eEngland uye mberi kune makoroni ayo, uye muna 1840 bhuku rekubika rakabudiswa muAmerica, rakanyorwa nemukadzi wechiRungu Elizabeth Leslie, umo akatsanangura nzira yekutanga ye ham nemasitadhi. sandwich. Pakuvamba kwezana ramakore rechi20, sandwich yakanga yatokunda America yese sechikafu chiri nyore uye chisingadhuri, kunyanya mushure mekunge mabheki atanga kupa chingwa chakachekwa kutengeswa, icho chakarerutsa zvikuru kuvakwa kwemasangweji. Nhasi, masangweji anozivikanwa pasi rese, uye maAmerican akatotanga zororo renyika rakasiyana mukukudza, sezvo vaive uye vachiri vateveri vakuru vendiro iyi. Kunenge pasina kudya kwemasikati kunopera pasina masangweji.
MuAmerica, kune akasiyana siyana masangweji uye kungowanda kwakasiyana macafe uye maresitorendi kwaunogona kudya. Sangweji yakakurumbira - ine peanut butter uye jam, uye zvakare - BLT (bhekoni, lettuce uye tomato), Montecristo (ine turkey uye Swiss chizi, yakadzika-yakakangwa, yakashumirwa nehupfu hwehupfu), Dagwood (yakakwira-inokwira chimiro chezvimedu zvakawanda. yechingwa, nyama, chizi uye saradhi), Mufuletta (seti yenyama inopfungaira pabhandi chena ine maorivhi akachekwa zvakanaka), Ruben (ane sauerkraut, Swiss chizi uye pastrami) nevamwe vazhinji.
Maererano nehuwandu, vanhu vekuAmerica vanodya anenge 200 masangweji pamunhu pagore. Vagadziri vesangweji vakakura kwazvo pasi rose ndeyeMcDonald's, Subway, Burger King maresitorendi. 75% yezvekudya, zvitoro zvechikafu, zvitoro zvikuru uye zvitoro zvemumigwagwa zvinoti sandwich ndiyo inonyanya kutengwa chigadzirwa panguva yekudya kwemasikati. Iri ndiro rinotora pechipiri pakati pezvigadzirwa (mushure memichero) zvinodyiwa masikati. Munyika ino, anenge munhu wose anomuda, pasinei nezera uye mamiriro evanhu.
Nenzira, hamburgers uye zvinobva kune imwechete sandwich. Asi maererano neAmerican Restaurant Association, sandwich inonyanya kufarirwa muAmerica ihamburger - iri pamenyu yezvese resitorendi munyika, uye 15% yevaAmerica vanodya hamburger kwemasikati.
Kazhinji, munyika mune zvinotapira uye zvine munyu, zvinonhuwira uye zvishoma-calori sandwiches. MuAmerica chete, nyika dzakasiyana dzine yavo yakakosha masangweji ekubika. Saka, muAlabama, nyama yehuku ine yakasarudzika chena barbecue sosi inoiswa pakati pezvimedu zvechingwa, muAlaska - salmon, muCalifornia - avocado, matomatisi, huku uye lettuce, muHawaii - huku nemapineapple, muBoston - akakangwa clams, mu Milwaukee - masoseji uye sauerkraut, muNew York - yakasvuta nyama yemombe kana yemombe, muChicago - nyama yemombe yekuItaly, muPhiladelphia - nyama yakafukidzwa necheddar yakanyungudutswa, uye muMiami vanozvinyudza pamasangweji eCuban nenguruve yakakangwa, zvimedu zveham, Swiss cheese uye pickles.
MuIllinois, vanogadzira sangweji yakavhurika yakakosha yakagadzirwa kubva pachingwa chakabikwa, chero mhando yenyama, yakakosha cheese sosi uye fries. Massachusetts ine sangweji yakakurumbira inotapira: nut butter uye marshmallows yakanyungudutswa yakavharirwa pakati pezvimedu zviviri zvechingwa chena chakakanyiwa, nepo kuMississippi, masitadhi, hanyanisi, nzeve mbiri dzenguruve dzakakangwa dzinoiswa pamusoro pebhandi yakakangwa, uye muto unopisa unodururwa. pamusoro. Nyika yeMontana inozivikanwa nokuda kweblueberry cottage cheese sandwich, uye West Virginia inonyanya kufarira masangweji ane peanut butter uye maapuro emunharaunda.
Uye zvakadaro, semuenzaniso, imwe yemasupamaketi emuLondon nguva pfupi yadarika yakapa vatengi vayo sangweji inodhura zvisati zvamboitika pa£ 85. Kuzadzwa kwacho kwaisanganisira zvimedu zvinyoro zveWagyu marbled beef, zvidimbu zvefoie gras, elite cheese de meaux, truffle oil mayonnaise, necherry tomato. wedges, arugula uye bell pepper. Kuvakwa kwese uku kwakaiswa mupasuru ine branded.
Sezvo yave chikamu chenyika yekubika tsika muUnited States neGreat Britain, nhasi masangweji anozivikanwa mune dzimwe nyika dzepasi. Aya masangweji akavharwa akasvika muRussia nedzimwe nyika dzemashure eSoviet chete mukutanga kwema1990, sezvo maketani echikafu akakurumidza kugadzirwa, ayo anoburitsa huwandu hwesangweji.
Zororo racho pacharo - Sandwich Day - rinopembererwa muUnited States kunyanya nemakofi nemaresitorendi, uko kunoitwa makwikwi akasiyana siyana, ese ari pakati pevabiki vesangweji inonaka kwazvo kana yepakutanga, uye pakati pevashanyi - setsika nhasi, makwikwi egastronomic mukukurumidza kudya. sandwiches inobatwa.
Iwe unogona zvakare kujoinha iyi mhemberero inonaka nekugadzira sandwich yeresipi yako yepakutanga iwe, mhuri yako neshamwari. Chokwadi, chokwadi, chimedu chakajairika chenyama (chizi, miriwo kana michero), yakaiswa pakati pezvimedu zviviri zvechingwa, inogona kutotora zita repamusoro re "sandwich".