Mafuta ePalm - tsananguro yemafuta. Hutano hunobatsira uye zvinokuvadza

tsananguro

Mafuta emuchindwe, akatenderedza panenge paine runyerekupe rwakawanda uye maonero anopokana, akagadzirwa kubva kune michero ine nyama yemichindwe yemafuta. Chigadzirwa chisina kuchena chinonzi zvakare chitsvuku nekuda kweterracotta hue.

Manyuko makuru emafuta emuchindwe ndiElaeis guineensis muti, unokura muWest neSouth West Africa. Vemunharaunda vakadya michero yayo kare mafuta asati agadzirwa kubva kwavari pasirese pasirese. Chindwe chakafanana cheoiri, chinozivikanwa seElaeis oleifera, chinowanikwa muSouth America, asi hachiwanzo kurimwa nekutengesa.

Zvisinei, musanganiswa wezvirimwa zviviri dzimwe nguva unoshandiswa mukugadzira mafuta emuchindwe. Zvinopfuura makumi masere muzana zvezvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvakagadzirirwa muMalaysia neIndonesia, kunyanya kune zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika.

Zvinoumba

Mafuta emuchindwe ari 100% mafuta. Panguva imwecheteyo, ine 50% yeakaguta acids, 40% yemonounsaturated acids, uye 10% ye polyunsaturated acids.
Imwe supuni yemafuta emichindwe ine:

• 114 macalorie;
• 14 g mafuta;
• 5 g monounsaturated mafuta;
• 1.5 g polyunsaturated mafuta;
• 11% yeiyo kukosha kwezuva nezuva kwevhitamini E.

Iwo makuru mafuta emafuta emuchindwe ndeye palmitic acid, mukuwedzera kune iyo, zvakare ine oleic, linoleic uye stearic acids. Iyo tsvuku-yero pigment inouya kubva ku carotenoids, antioxidants senge beta-carotene.

Muviri unoishandura kuita vhitamini A.
Kufanana nekokonati mafuta, mafuta emichindwe anoomesa patembiricha yekamuri, asi anonyunguduka pa24 madhigirii, nepo yekare pa35 madhigirii. Izvi zvinoratidza kuumbwa kwakasiyana kwemafuta acids mumhando mbiri dzezvigadzirwa zvemiti.

Ndezvipi zvekudya zvinoshandisa mafuta emuchindwe

Mafuta emuchindwe anofarirwa nevarimi nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera. Iyo inoverengera chetatu chemafuta epasirose kugadzirwa kwemafuta. Ihwo hushingi uye ivhu repasi, kunge manhanga kana karoti, maviri maviri pamwe nenzungu ruomba uye chokoreti.

Pamusoro pemasiwiti mabhawa uye zvihwitsi, mafuta emichindwe anowedzerwa kukirimu, margarine, chingwa, makuki, muffin, chikafu chemumagaba uye chikafu chevana. Mafuta anowanikwa mune zvimwe zvisiri zvekudya zvakaita semushonga wemazino, sipo, mafuta ekuzora, uye maconditioners ebvudzi.

Uye zvakare, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira biodiesel peturu, iyo inoshanda seimwe nzira sosi yemagetsi [4]. Mafuta emichindwe anotengwa nevakagadziri vezvikafu zvikuru (sekureva kweWWF's 2020 mushumo):

• Unilever (mamirioni 1.04 ematani);
• PepsiCo (0.5 miriyoni ematani);
• Nestle (matani miriyoni 0.43);
• Colgate-Palmolive (0.138 miriyoni ematani);
• McDonald's (0.09 mamirioni matani).

Kukuvadza kwemafuta emuchindwe

Mumakore makumi masere, chigadzirwa chakatanga kutsiviwa nemafuta ekufambisa, kutya njodzi inogona kuitika pamoyo. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinoratidzira zvinopesana pamhedzisiro yemafuta emuchindwe pamuviri.

Masayendisiti akaita ongororo nevakadzi vakaonekwa kuti vane cholesterol yakawanda. Nekushandisa kwemafuta emuchindwe, chiyero ichi chakatonyanya kukwirisa, kureva, icho chinofambidzana nezvirwere zvemoyo system.

Sezvineiwo, mamwe akawanda mafuta emiriwo anogona kudzikisa cholesterol, kunyangwe kana ichibatanidzwa nemafuta emuchindwe.

Mu2019, nyanzvi dzeWHO dzakaburitsa mushumo unotaura zvinyorwa pamusoro pekubatsira kwemafuta emuchindwe. Zvisinei, pakanyatsoongororwa, zvakazoitika kuti zvina zvezvinyorwa zvipfumbamwe zvakataurwa mushumo zvakanyorwa nevashandi veMalasian Ministry of Agriculture, vanoona nezve kusimudzira indasitiri.

Imwe yeongororo dzakawanda yakaratidza kuti kudziwazve kwemafuta emuchindwe akaomeswa kunoita kuti ive nenjodzi. Kuenderera mberi kwekushandisa kwechigadzirwa ichi kunotungamira mukuumbwa kwenzvimbo mumariti nekuda kwekuderera kweiyo antioxidant zvivakwa zvemafuta emuriwo. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuwedzera mafuta matsva kuchikafu hakuna kutungamira kumhedzisiro yakadaro.

Zvakanakira mafuta emuchindwe

Chigadzirwa chinogona kupa mabhenefiti ehutano. Mafuta ePalm anovandudza kugona kwekuziva uye ane hunhu hwakanaka pahuropi. Iyo inoshandiswa kudzivirira kushomeka kwevhitamini A uye ino sosi yakanaka kwazvo ye tocotrienols, mafomu evitamini E ane yakasimba antioxidant zvivakwa.

Kutsvagurudza kunoratidza kuti zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza mafuta emuviri epolyunsaturated kubva mukuparara, kunonoka kufambira mberi kweshumiro, kudzikisira njodzi yekurohwa, nekudzivirira kukura kwezvironda zvecerebral cortex.

Munguva yekuyedza, masayendisiti akapatsanura vanhu zana nemakumi maviri mumapoka maviri, rimwe racho rakapihwa placebo, uye imwe - tocotrienols kubva kumafuta emuchindwe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo yekutanga yakaratidza kuwedzera kwezvironda zvehuropi, nepo zviratidzo zvekupedzisira zvakaramba zvakadzikama.

Kuongororwa kukuru kwezvikamu makumi mashanu zvakawanikwa zvakazara uye LDL cholesterol mwero yaive yakaderera muvanhu vaidya chikafu chinowedzerwa nemafuta emuchindwe.

6 ngano pamusoro pemafuta emuchindwe

1. Iyo ine carcinogen ine simba, uye nyika dzakasimukira dzakaramba kwenguva refu kuendesa kunze kuti ishandise chikafu

Izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi uye zvakanyanya kuve populism. Ivo vanongorasa zvimwe zvidimbu, asi kwete mafuta emuchindwe pachawo. Aya ndiwo mafuta emiriwo, ari pamwero wakaenzana nesunflower, rapeseed kana soya mafuta. Ivo vese vane zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Asi mafuta emuchindwe akasiyana.

Kutanga, inokohwewa katatu pagore. Muti pachawo unokura kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu. Mugore rechishanu mushure mekuburuka, rinotanga kubereka michero. Mune ramangwana, goho rinodzikira uye rinomira pazera remakore gumi nemanomwe kusvika makumi maviri nesere, mushure memakore makumi maviri nemashanu muti wakashandurwa. Saizvozvowo, mutengo wekukura muchindwe wakaderera zvakapetwa kanoverengeka pane uya wemimwe mbeu yemafuta.

Kana zviri zvecocinogen, mafuta akabikwa anogona kutonyanya kutyisa kupfuura mafuta ezuva. Semuenzaniso, iwe unogona kukanda mumafuta ezuva (sunflower) mafuta ka2 chete, zvikasadaro, nekumwe kushandiswa, inova carcinogen. Muchindwe unogona kukangwa katatu.

Ngozi yacho inoenderana nekuti mugadziri akangwarira zvakadii uye kuti anoshandisa sei mafuta acho. Kunyangwe zvisiri mune zvido zvake kuchengetedza pahunhu, nekuti kuravira kwemafuta "ekare" kunokanganisa kuravira kwechigadzirwa. Iye murume akavhura raki, akaiyedza uye haazombotengi zvakare.

2. Nyika dzakapfuma dzinopihwa "one" mafuta emuchindwe, uye nyika dzine urombo ne "imwe"

Kwete, mubvunzo wese ndewekuchenesa mhando. Uye uku kuri kuuya kutonga, zvinoenderana nedunhu rega rega. our country inogamuchira oiri mafuta emuchindwe, ayo anoshandiswa pasi rese. Mukugadzirwa kwepasirese, mafuta emuchindwe ari makumi mashanu kubva muzana emafuta anodyiwa, mafuta ezuva - 50% emafuta. Vanoti "chanza" hachidyiwa muEurope, asi zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti kudyiwa kwayo kwakawedzera muEU mumakore mashanu apfuura.

Zvekare, kumubvunzo wekuchenesa. Ngatienzanisei nemafuta ezuva. Kana yagadzirwa, zvinobuda ioiri, fusse, keke uye husk. Kana iwe ukapa munhu fooz, saka, chokwadika, haazove anonakidza kwazvo. Saizvozvowo nemafuta emichindwe. Pakati pese, izwi rekuti "mafuta emuchindwe" rinoreva kusanzwisisika kwese: kune oiri yekudyiwa nevanhu, kune zvidimbu kubva kumafuta emuchindwe ekushandisa kwehunyanzvi. Isu kuDelta Wilmar CIS tinobata chete nemafuta anodyiwa.

Kana tikataura nezve bhizinesi redu, tobva taburitsa chigadzirwa chakasimbiswa kune ese maratidziro ekuchengetedza, kugadzirwa kwedu kwakasimbiswa zvakare. Isu tinoongorora zvigadzirwa zvedu muEuropean marabhoritari. Kuzadzwa kwese kwebhizinesi kunongobva kune vagadziri vekuEurope (Belgium, Germany, Switzerland). Zvese zviri otomatiki. Mushure mekugadzikwa kwemidziyo, tinopihwa mvumo yegore negore uye zvitupa, semakambani ekuEurope.

3. Nyika iri kusiya "muchindwe" uye ichichinjira kumafuta ezuva

Mafuta eSunflower mafuta anotapira. Mafuta eTrans ropa rakaipa, sitiroko, chirwere chemwoyo, uye zvimwe zvese. Saizvozvo, inoshandiswa kana uchitsvaira, uye mune dzimwe nguva dzese inotsiviwa nemichindwe.

4. Mafuta emuchindwe nemaune haana kunyorwa muzvikafu

Ndinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti vose vanogadzira confectionery muour country vanoratidza kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinosanganisira mafuta emichindwe. Kana zvichidiwa, mugadziri anogara achikuudza nezvemafuta api anosanganisirwa muresiphi. Aya mashoko akazaruka zvachose. Kana mugadziri wezvigadzirwa zvemukaka asingaratidzi, zvino iyi imwe nyaya.

Iyi imhosva uye mutoro wemugadziri anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvakadaro. Haasanganisi mune chigadzirwa chakaipa, anongoita mari, nokuti mafuta, zvishoma, anodhura UAH 40, uye mafuta kubva kumafuta emiriwo emhando dzakasiyana-siyana anodhura UAH 20. Asi mugadziri anotengesa pa 40. Saizvozvowo, iyi purofiti uye kunyengera kwevatengi.

Hapana anonyepera "muchindwe", nekuti haugone kuumbwa. Pane kunyengedza mune zvigadzirwa zvemukaka kana mugadziri asingaratidzi kuti mafuta emiriwo (michindwe kana sunflower) anoshandiswa. Iyi ndiyo nzira chete yekutsausa mutengi.

5. Kurambidza "muchindwe" hakuzokanganisa hupfumi munzira ipi neipi, zvinongodzora mari yakawandisa kune vagadziri

Mafekitori ese evagadziri achavharwa nekukasira, ayo mumwedzi yakati wandei achafanirwa kuchinjira kune dzakabikwa, soya, uye sunflower yehydrogenated. Muchokwadi, ivo vacharasikirwa nekutengesa kunze, izvo zvinoda kuti chigadzirwa hachina mafuta ekufambisa. Kana yagadzirwa nehydrogenated sunflower oiri, iyo yekuumbwa ichave iine trans mafuta. Saka kutumira kunze kunonyangarika.

6. Icho chakaderera mune mhando kune mamwe maoiri

Mafuta emuchindwe anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu confectionery uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Nhasi, kune zvakawanda zvekutaura pamusoro pezvinobatsira kana kuti zvinokuvadza, asi pasi rose, pamwero wemitemo, kune kubvumirwa kwezviyero zvemukati we trans fatty acids muchigadzirwa chakapedzwa.

Trans fatty acid isomers inoumbwa mumafuta emuriwo panguva yehydrogenation, maitiro ayo mafuta emvura anoomeswa kuita akasimba.

Mafuta akasimba anodiwa kugadzira margarine, mafuta ekuzadza waffle, makuki, nezvimwewo. Kuti uwane mafuta akasimba kubva kuzuva, mafuta akabiwa mafuta, soya mafuta, iyo indasitiri yemafuta-uye-mafuta inoenda kune hydrogenation maitiro uye inowana mafuta nehumwe kuomarara.

Aya ndiwo mafuta mune izvo atovepo angangoita 35% trans isomers. Mafuta echisikigo mushure mekuburitswa haana ma trans isomers (kana mafuta emuchindwe, kana mafuta ezuva). Asi panguva imwecheteyo, kuenderana kwemafuta emuchindwe kwatove kwakadai zvekuti tinogona kuishandisa semafuta ekuzadza, nezvimwe.

Ndokunge, hapana kuwedzerwa kugadzirisa kunodiwa. Nekuda kweizvi, mafuta emuchindwe haana trans transoma. Naizvozvo, pano inokunda mamwe mafuta emiriwo ayo akajairika kwatiri.