Tsinga dzesaphenous dziri mugumbo uye dzinovimbisa kudzoka kweropa rinotyisa. Tsinga mbiri dzegumbo repazasi dzine basa rekuona kutenderera kweropa kuyerera munzira imwe, munzira inokwira inofanirwa kurwisa giravhiti. 

Huru hutachiona hunokanganisa mitsipa iyi ndiko kuonekwa kwevevicose veins. Nekudaro, kurapwa kuripo, kurapwa kwekuvhiya zvakare kunogoneka.

Iyo huru saphenous tsinga uye diki saphenous tsinga chikamu cheinonzi inonzi peripheral venous network. Ndokutenda kune mavhavhosi ane huturu iyo ropa rinokwanisa kutenderera chete munzira imwechete: kuenda kumoyo.

Izwi iri etymologically rinotorwa kubva kuArabic safina, saphenous, iro pacharo rinenge rakabva pazwi rechiGiriki rinoreva "kuoneka, kuoneka". Nekudaro, iwo marefu makuru maviri ehurefu hwevacheche vatengesi veropa ari mugumbo anoumbwa ne:

• iyo huru saphenous tsinga (inonziwo iyo yemukati saphenous vein);
• iyo diki saphenous tsinga (inonziwo iyo yekunze saphenous vein). 

Ose ari maviri ari epamhepo venous network. Iyo huru saphenous tsinga saka inokwira kune iyo groin, kujoina yakadzika network. Kana iri tsinga diki yesaphenous, inoyererawo mukati menzvimbo yakadzika, asi kuseri kwemabvi.

Manetwork maviri anoita, kutaura zvazviri, tsinga dzegumbo repazasi: imwe yakadzika, imwe iri pamusoro, uye ese ari maviri anastomosed kune mumwe nemumwe pamatanho akati wandei. Uye zvakare, idzi tsinga dzegumbo repazasi dzinopihwa mavharuvhu. Iwo mavhavha ari membranous akapeta mukati memukoto, pano tsinga, iyo inodzivirira kudzoka kwemvura.

Basa remuviri wemitsipa isaphenous ndeye kuunza ropa rinotyisa kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro kwemuviri, kuti riuye ipapo kusvika pamoyo. Iyo huru saphenous tsinga uye shoma saphenous tsinga inobatanidzwa mukutenderera kweropa. 

Nzira yeropa iri kukwira padanho remaviri etsinga dzesapenous: saka inofanira kurwisa mhedzisiro yegiravhiti. Iwo mavharuvhu anotyisa anomanikidza iro ropa kuyerera munzira imwechete chete: kuenda kumoyo. Iko kushanda kwemavharuvhu ndiko kupatsanura kuyerera kweropa mutsinga, uye nekudaro kuve nechokwadi chekutenderera-kweimwe-nzira. 

Iwo makuru pathologies anogona kukanganisa emukati nekunze saphenous mutsinga ndiwo varicose mutsinga. Muchokwadi, izvi zvakashata zvinokanganisa, mune dzakawanda kesi, idzi mbiri dzepamoyo dzinokwira dzichitevedza gumbo. Varicose tsinga dzinokonzerwa nekudonhedza mavhavha evhavu.

Chii chinonzi varicose mutsinga? 

Kana mavharuvhu ane uturu wemitsipa isapenous abuda, izvi zvinokonzeresa mutsinga, idzo dzinozova dzinotyisa: dzinodaidzwa kuti varicose veins, kana varicose veins. Varicose tsinga dzinogona kuitika chero mumuviri. Asi zvirizvo, zvinonyanya kukanganisa tsinga dzepamusoro dzetsoka dzezasi (dzinowanzoitikawo zvakare mudumbu uye canal canal).

Varicose veins yemasapenous veins inogona kukonzera yakapfava yekuzora kusagadzikana, kana kukonzera zvakakomba zvokurapa matambudziko. Kana mavharuvhu abuda, ropa rinoyerera richidzoka kubva mutsinga dzakadzika kuenda mutsinga dzepamusoro, dzinoita mushe uye ropa rinoungana ipapo. 

Izvo zvinokonzeresa kukwana kwevhavha zvinogona kunge zvinotevera:

• kuberekwa kwakabva;
• michina kushushikana (kumira kwenguva refu kana kubata), mamwe mabasa ari panjodzi (semuenzaniso vhudzi kana vatengesi);
• kuchembera.

Kune akatiwandei marudzi ekurapa ekurapa varicose mutsinga wesaphenous veins:

• Kumanikidza masokisi: kupfeka varicose veins (kana compression masokisi) dzimwe nguva inokurudzirwa kune varwere vane zvinyoro zviratidzo, kana kune avo mamwe marapirwo asina kukurudzirwa;
• Sclerosis: inoitwa nekubaya jekiseni remushonga ine mhinduro inokonzeresa kuzvimba neropa. Kana nzvimbo yacho yapora, inozoita vanga rinovhara mutsinga;
• Radiofrequency: endovenous occlusion ne radiofrequency inosanganisira kushandisa simba re radiofrequency kuitira kupisa iyo varicose mitsetse uye kuivhara;
• Laser: laser yekuvhara inosanganisira kushandisa iyi laser kuvhara tsinga;
• Kubvisa: uku kuvhiya. Zvinosanganisira kuisa tsvimbo inochinjika mukati mevaricose vein, wozoibvisa nekubvisa tsinga. Saka zvine chinangwa chekubvisa zvakananga varicose mutsinga, pamwe nehurwere hwehutachiona mutsinga.

Kuramba uine huturu husinga peri kunokanganisa pakati pegumi nemana kusvika makumi maviri nezvina kubva muzana zvevanhu vari munyika dzakasimukira vachipesana ne11 chete muzana muAfrica uye 24% muIndia. Uye zvakare, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti inobata vakadzi vatatu kumurume mumwe chete. Murwere anowanzo bvunza chiremba wake, nekuda kwechiratidzo chinoshanda, chishuwo chekushongedza kana mutsinga wevaricose, kazhinji kacho edema. Muchokwadi, zvinoitika kuti 5% yevarwere vanobvunza kekutanga pazvikonzero zvehutachiona husina kukwana vanotambura nekuremerwa mumakumbo avo (sekureva kwechidzidzo cheFrance chakaitwa pamusoro pevarwere vanopfuura vatatu paavhareji yemakore mazana mashanu).

Bvunzo chaiyo yezvokurapa

Uku kubvunzwa kuchaita kuti zvikwanisike kuziva mumurwere marapirwo ake, kurwara, nhoroondo yake yezvokurapa uye kunyanya kuvhiya, kana kutsemuka nemapurasita, uye pakupedzisira nhoroondo yechirwere chetromboembolic, maari kana mumhuri yake.

Uye zvakare, murapi wezvese anoongorora izvo zvine njodzi yekuzadza huturu, kusanganisira:

• nhaka;
• zera;
• chikadzi;
• huwandu hwepamuviri hwemukadzi;
• kurema uye kukwirira;
• kusaita basa;
• kurovedza muviri.

Iko-kwakadzika kuongororwa kwekiriniki

Inosanganisira kucherechedza murwere akamira phlebology manera. Makumbo ake epazasi akafukurwa kune iyo groin, isina bhanji kana kuzvidzora.

Bvunzo dziri kufamba sei?

Kuongorora kunoitwa kubva pasi kumusoro, kubva kuzvigunwe kusvika muchiuno, imwe nhengo mushure meimwe mukuzorora kwetsandanyama. Murwere anofanira kutendeuka. Uku kuongorora kunozoenderera mberi nemurwere akarara pasi, panguva ino patafura yekuongorora (mwenje unofanirwa kuve wehunhu hwakanaka). Izvo chaizvo zvinodikanwa kuti ufungidzire ngarava. Iko kucherechedza kuri kuomerera kumusoro kwegumbo uye pazasi pechidya nekuti yekutanga inooneka varicose mitsetse iri, kune chikamu chikuru, iripo pekutanga padanho remabvi. Ipapo iyo ultrasound inogona kunge ichionekwa seinodiwa.

Izvo zvinodawo kuti chiremba azive kuti zvinokurudzirwa, pamberi peakakosha mutsinga, kutsvaga zvinhu zvine njodzi pakuonekwa kwehutachiona.

Izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi ndeizvi:

• kuneta;
• dorsiflexion yemakumbo mashoma;
• iyo fodya;
• chiitiko chetsinga yakadzika thrombosis;
• iyo corona phlebectatica (kana kudzikamisa tutsinga tudiki tunopfupikiswa pamucheto wemukati wetsoka);
• shanduko paganda regumbo (sekuvapo kwe eczema).

Nhoroondo yekutenderera kweropa ine chikwereti chakawanda kune wezana wezana ramakore^e zana ramakore William Harvey, uyo akazviwana uye akazvitsanangura. Asi, sekuwanikwa kwesainzi, kwakavakirwa pazivo yakawanikwa, yakabvunzwa, yakaunganidzwa pamusoro pemazera.

Mumiriri wekutanga wakawanikwa pamoyo nekudaro pendi yedombo kubva panguva yeMagdalenian (ingangoita - 18 kusvika - 000 makore BC), mubako reEl Pindal (Asturias): zvirokwazvo, moyo uriko. yakapendwa pane mammoth senge tsvuku tsvuku muchimiro chekutamba kadhi moyo. Makore gare gare, vaAsiria vachapa kungwara uye ndangariro kumoyo. Zvino, muna 12 BC, muEjipitori yekare, kupomba kwaiwanzoitika. Moyo unobva watsanangurwa sepakati pemidziyo.

Hippocrates (460 - 377 BC) akanyatsorondedzera moyo. Pfungwa yake yepanyama yaive, zvisinei, isiriyo: kwaari, iyo atria inokwezva mweya, ventricle yekurudyi inosundira ropa mupuriyumu tsinga yekudyisa mapapu, iyo yekuruboshwe ventricle ine mweya chete. Mushure medzidziso dzinoverengeka dzakateerana, zvichave zvakafanira kumirira iyo XVI^e zana, muItari, kuti André Césalpin ave wekutanga kuziva dunhu reropa. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, kufamba kweropa kwaifungidzirwa sekudzikira uye kuyerera. NdiCésalpin uyo anofungidzira pfungwa yekutenderera, yaari iye wekutanga kushandisa izwi iri.

Pakupedzisira, William Harvey (1578-1657) nebasa rake Anatomical kudzidza kwekufamba kwemoyo neropa mumhuka ichagadzirisa dzidziso yekutenderera kweropa. Saka, anonyora kuti: “Pese panenge paine ropa, kosi yacho inogara yakangofanana, kungave mutsinga kana mutsinga. Kubva pane arterioles, mvura inoyerera inopinda mumitsipa yeparenchyma, uye simba remwoyo rinokwana kuita shanduko iyi.»

Uye zvakare, Harvey anoratidza kuti mavharuvhu etsinga ane basa rekufambisa kudzoka kweropa kumoyo. Iyi dzidziso yechimurenga inopesana nevashori vanopikisa. Nekudaro, Louis XIV akabudirira kuisimbisa kunyanya kuburikidza nemurevereri wechiremba wake wechiremba Dionis.