Mukati
Iyo inonzi alkaline extracellular cation. Pamwe chete nepotassium (K) nechlorine (Cl), chimwe chezvitatu zvinovaka muviri izvo munhu anoda zvakawanda. Iyo sodium yemukati mumuviri ndeye 70-110 g. Pakati peizvi, 1/3 iri mumapfupa, 2/3 - mumvura, tsandanyama uye nerve tishu.
Sodium akapfuma zvekudya
Yakaratidza kuwanikwa kwekufungidzira mu100 g yechigadzirwa
Zuva nezuva sodium inoda
Izvo zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva zve sodium ndeye 4-6 g, asi kwete pasi pe1 g. Nenzira, sodium yakawanda iri mu 10-15 g yefurafura yemunyu.
Iko kudiwa kwesodium inowedzera ne:
- kunyanya kudikitira (kanokwana kana ka2), semuenzaniso, nekushanda kwakasimba mumuviri;
- kutora diuretics;
- kurutsa kwakanyanya uye manyoka;
- kutsva kwakakura;
- kusakwana kweiyo adrenal cortex (chirwere cheAddison).
Kugaya chikafu
Mune muviri wakagwinya, sodium inodururwa mumuti weti muhuwandu hwakaenzana neunodyiwa.
Inobatsira zvivakwa zve sodium uye maitiro ayo pamuviri
Sodium, pamwe chete neklorini (Cl) uye potassium (K), inotora chikamu mukugadzirisa kwemvura-munyu metabolism, inochengetedza hutano hwakakwana hwetishu uye extracellular fluid mumuviri womunhu nemhuka, chiyero chisingaperi cheosmotic pressure, inotora chikamu iyo neutralization yeasidhi, kuunza alkalizing mhedzisiro mu acidic alkaline equilibrium pamwe ne potassium (K), calcium (Ca) uye magnesium (Mg).
Sodium inobatanidzwa mukudzora kweropa uye mashandiro ekudzvinyirira tsandanyama, kuchengetedza kurova kweyakajairika, uye kupa kutsungirira kumatukisi Izvo zvakakosha kwazvo kune ekugaya uye ekunyanyisa masisitimu emuviri, zvichibatsira kudzora kutakurwa kwezvinhu mukati uye kunze kwesero rega rega.
Mumazhinji maitiro ehupenyu, sodium inoshanda se potassium (K) anopikisa, nekudaro, kuitira kuti ugare uine hutano hwakanaka, zvakafanira kuti huwandu hwesodiyamu ne potassium mune chikafu ndi 1: 2. Kunyanyisa sodium mumuviri, inova zvinokuvadza kuhutano, zvinogona kudzikisirwa nekuunza mamwe huwandu hwe potassium.
Kubatana nezvimwe zvakakosha zvinhu
Kuwedzera kwekudya kwesodium kunotungamira mukuwedzera kwe potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) uye calcium (Ca) kubva mumuviri.
Kushaikwa uye kuwanda kwesododium
Chii chinowedzera sodium inotungamira?
Sodium ions inosunga mvura uye yakawandisa sodhini inotora kubva muchikafu inotungamira mukuunganidzwa kwemvura yakawandisa mumuviri. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukwira kweropa kunokwira, inova njodzi njodzi yechirwere chemoyo uye sitiroko.
Ne kushomeka kwe potassium (K), sodium kubva kune yekunze maseru emvura inopinda mukati memaseru, ichiunza huwandu hwemvura, kubva ipapo maseru anozvimba uye kunyange kuputika, achiumba mavanga. Fluid inounganidzwa mumhasuru uye inobatanidza matishu, uye kudonha kunoitika.
Kugara uchiwedzera munyu muchikafu pakupedzisira kunotungamira kuedema, hypertension, uye chirwere cheitsvo.
Nei paine kuwandisa kwesodium (Hypernatremia)
Pamusoro pekunyanya kudyiwa kwetafura yemunyu, mapundu kana chikafu chakagadzirwa nemaindasitiri, yakawandisa sodium inogona kuwanikwa nechirwere cheitsvo, kurapwa necorticosteroids, semuenzaniso, cortisone, uye kushushikana.
Mumamiriro ekumanikidza, adrenal glands inoburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwehormone aldosterone, iyo inobatsira mukuchengetedza sodium mumuviri.
Zviitiko zvinokanganisa zvirimo sodium mune zvekudya
Iyo sodium yezvinyorwa zvekudya uye madhishi inotsanangurwa nehuwandu hweiyo sodium chloride yakawedzerwa panguva yekubika.
Nei kushomeka kwesodium kuchiitika
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, kushomeka kwesodium kwakanyanya kushomeka, asi mumamiriro ekuwedzera kudikitira, semuenzaniso, mumamiriro ekunze anopisa, huwandu hwesodiyamu yakarasika mudikita inogona kusvika padanho rinotyisidzira hutano, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukufenda, uyezve njodzi yakakomba kuhupenyu 1.
Uyewo, kushandiswa kwezvokudya zvisina munyu, kurutsa, manyoka uye kubuda ropa kunogona kukonzera kushayikwa kwesodium mumuviri.