Mhando huru dze psychotherapy

Ndeipi nzira ye psychotherapy yekusarudza? Zvakasiyana sei uye ndezvipi zviri nani? Iyi mibvunzo inobvunzwa nemunhu wese anosarudza kuenda nematambudziko avo kune nyanzvi. Isu takanyora gwara diki rinokubatsira iwe kuwana pfungwa yemhando huru dze psychotherapy.

Psychoanalysis

Muvambi: Sigmund Freud, Austrian (1856-1939)

Ichi chii? Iyo nzira yenzira dzaunogona kunyura nayo mukusaziva, kuidzidza kuitira kubatsira munhu kuti anzwisise chikonzero chekukakavadzana kwemukati kwakamuka nekuda kwezviitiko zvehudiki, uye nekudaro kumuponesa kubva kumatambudziko neurotic.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Chinhu chikuru mu psychotherapeutic process ndiko kushandurwa kwekusaziva kupinda mukuziva kuburikidza nenzira dzekushamwaridzana kwakasununguka, dudziro yezviroto, kuongororwa kwezviito zvisina kururama ... Munguva yechirongwa, murwere anorara pamubhedha, anotaura zvese zvinouya pfungwa, kunyange chinoratidzika kuva chisingakoshi, chinosekesa, chinorwadza, chisina kufanira . Muongorori (akagara pamubhedha, murwere haamuoni), achidudzira zvinoreva zvakavanzika zvemashoko, zviito, zviroto uye mafungiro, anoedza kusunungura tangle yemasangano akasununguka mukutsvaga dambudziko guru. Iyi inzira yakareba uye yakanyatsogadziriswa ye psychotherapy. Psychoanalysis inoitika 3-5 nguva pavhiki kwemakore 3-6.

Nezvazvo: Z. Freud "Psychopathology yehupenyu hwezuva nezuva"; "Sumo yePsychoanalysis" (Peter, 2005, 2004); "Anthology yeContemporary Psychoanalysis". Ed. A. Zhibo naA. Rossokhina (St. Petersburg, 2005).

  • Psychoanalysis: nhaurirano neasingazive
  • "Psychoanalysis inogona kubatsira kune chero munhu"
  • 10 fungidziro nezve psychoanalysis
  • Chii chinonzi kutamiswa uye nei psychoanalysis isingagoneki pasina iyo

Analytical psychology

Muvambi: Carl Jung, Switzerland (1875-1961)

Ichi chii? Maitiro akazara kune psychotherapy uye kuzviziva pachako kwakavakirwa pakudzidza kweasingazive complexes uye archetypes. Kuongorora kunosunungura simba rakakosha remunhu kubva kune simba remacomplexes, rinotungamira kuti rikunde matambudziko epfungwa uye kukudziridza hunhu.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Muongorori anokurukura nemurwere zvaanosangana nazvo mumutauro wemifananidzo, zviratidzo nemadimikira. Nzira dzekufungidzira dzinoshanda, kushamwaridzana kwemahara uye kudhirowa, analytical sand psychotherapy inoshandiswa. Misangano inoitwa 1-3 nguva pavhiki kwemakore 1-3.

Nezvazvo: K. Jung "Ndangariro, zviroto, fungidziro" (Air Land, 1994); Iyo Cambridge Nhungamiro yeAnalytical Psychology (Dobrosvet, 2000).

  • Carl Gustav Jung: "Ndinoziva madhimoni aripo"
  • Sei Jung ari mufashoni nhasi
  • Analytical therapy (maererano naJung)
  • Kukanganisa kwevanodzidza nezvepfungwa: chii chinofanira kukuzivisa iwe

Psychodrama

Muvambi: Jacob Moreno, Romania (1889-1974)

Ichi chii? Kudzidza kwehupenyu mamiriro uye kukakavara mukuita, nerubatsiro rwekuita maitiro. Chinangwa che psychodrama ndechekudzidzisa munhu kugadzirisa matambudziko ega nekutamba fungidziro dzavo, kukakavara uye kutya.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Munzvimbo yakachengeteka yekurapa, mamiriro akakosha kubva kuhupenyu hwemunhu anotambwa nerubatsiro rwe psychotherapist nedzimwe nhengo dzeboka. Mutambo wekutamba unobvumidza iwe kunzwa manzwiro, kutarisana nekukakavadzana kwakadzama, kuita zviito zvisingagoneke muhupenyu chaihwo. Nhoroondo, psychodrama ndiyo yekutanga yeboka psychotherapy. Nguva - kubva pachikamu chimwe kusvika kumakore 2-3 emisangano yevhiki nevhiki. Nguva yakakwana yemusangano mumwe maawa 2,5.

Nezvazvo: "Psychodrama: Kufuridzira uye Technique". Ed. P. Holmes naM. Karp (Klass, 2000); P. Kellerman "Psychodrama pedyo-up. Kuongororwa kwemaitiro ekurapa "(Klass, 1998).

  • Psychodrama
  • Nzira yekubuda nayo mukuvhunduka. Chiitiko che Psychodrama
  • Sei tichirasikirwa neshamwari dzekare. Psychodrama chiitiko
  • Nzira ina dzekudzokera kwauri

Gestalt kurapwa

Muvambi: Fritz Perls, Germany (1893–1970)

Ichi chii? Kudzidza kwemunhu sehurongwa hwakakosha, kuratidzwa kwemuviri wake, manzwiro, magariro uye zvemweya. Gestalt therapy inobatsira kuwana maonero akazara pamusoro pako (gestalt) uye kutanga kurarama kwete munyika yekare uye mafungiro, asi "pano uye ikozvino".

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Nerutsigiro rwemurapi, mutengi anoshanda nezviri kuitika uye kunzwa iko zvino. Achiita maekisesaizi, anorarama kuburikidza nekukakavadzana kwake kwemukati, anoongorora manzwiro uye manzwiro emuviri, anodzidza kuziva "mutauro wemuviri", mataurirwo ezwi rake uye kunyangwe kufamba kwemaoko ake nemeso ... Nekuda kweizvozvo, anowana ruzivo rwe wake pachake "Ini", anodzidza kuva nemhosva yemanzwiro ake nezviito. Iyo tekinoroji inosanganisa zvinhu zve psychoanalytic (kushandura manzwiro ekusaziva mukuziva) uye maitiro evanhu (kusimbisa "chibvumirano newe pachako"). Nguva yekurapa ingangoita mwedzi mitanhatu yemisangano yevhiki nevhiki.

Nezvazvo: F. Perls "Kudzidzira kweGestalt Therapy", "Ego, Hunger uye Aggression" (IOI, 1993, Meaning, 2005); S. Ginger "Gestalt: The Art of Contact" (Per Se, 2002).

  • Gestalt kurapwa
  • Gestalt kurapwa kwema dummies
  • Gestalt kurapwa: kubata chokwadi
  • Kubatana kwakakosha: hukama pakati penyanzvi yepfungwa nemutengi hunovakwa sei

Existential Analysis

Vakatanga Ludwig Binswanger, Switzerland (1881–1966), Viktor Frankl, Austria (1905–1997), Alfried Lenglet, Austria (b. 1951)

Ichi chii? Psychotherapeutic direction, iyo inobva pamafungiro ehuzivi hwehupenyu huripo. Pfungwa yaro yekutanga ndeye "kuvapo", kana "chaiyo", hupenyu hwakanaka. Upenyu umo munhu anotarisana nematambudziko, anoziva maitiro ake, ayo anorarama akasununguka uye ane mutoro, umo anoona zvinoreva.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? The existential Therapist haangoshandisi matekiniki. Basa rake inhaurirano yakazaruka nemutengi. Nzira yekukurukurirana, kudzika kwemisoro uye nyaya dzinokurukurwa dzinosiya munhu ane manzwiro ekuti anonzwisiswa - kwete chete unyanzvi, asiwo nevanhu. Munguva yekurapa, mutengi anodzidza kuzvibvunza mibvunzo ine musoro, kuterera kune izvo zvinomutsa pfungwa yekubvumirana nehupenyu hwake, kunyangwe zvingave zvakaoma sei. Nguva yekurapa inobva 3-6 kubvunzana kusvika kumakore akati wandei.

Nezvazvo: A. Langle “Hupenyu Huzere Nezvinoreva” (Genesis, 2003); V. Frankl “Munhu ari kutsvaka revo” ( Progress, 1990); I. Yalom "Existential Psychotherapy" (Klass, 1999).

  • Irvin Yalom: "Basa rangu guru nderekuudza vamwe kuti kurapwa chii uye nei kuchishanda"
  • Yalom nezverudo
  • "Ndinoda kurarama?": 10 quotes kubva muhurukuro yakaitwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa Alfried Lenglet
  • Ndiani watiri kutaura nezvake patinoti “ini”?

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP)

Vakatanga Richard Bandler USA (b. 1940), John Grinder USA (b. 1949)

Ichi chii? NLP inzira yekutaurirana ine chinangwa chekuchinja maitiro ekudyidzana, kuwana chivimbo muhupenyu, uye nekugonesa kusika.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Iyo NLP tekinoroji haiite nezvirimo, asi nemaitiro. Mukufamba kweboka kana kudzidziswa kwemunhu mumaitiro ekuzvibata, mutengi anoongorora ruzivo rwake uye mienzaniso inoshanda yekukurukurirana nhanho nhanho. Makirasi - kubva kumavhiki akati wandei kusvika kumakore maviri.

Nezvazvo: R. Bandler, D. Grinder “Kubva kumatatya kuenda kumachinda. Nhanganyaya NLP Kudzidzisa Kosi (Flinta, 2000).

  • John Grinder: "Kutaura kunogara kunyengedza"
  • Nei paine kusanzwisisana kwakanyanya?
  • Varume nevakadzi vanganzwana here
  • Ndapota taura!

Mhuri Psychotherapy

Vakatanga Mara Selvini Palazzoli Italy (1916-1999), Murray Bowen USA (1913-1990), Virginia Satir USA (1916-1988), Carl Whitaker USA (1912-1995)

Ichi chii? Kurapa kwemhuri kwemazuva ano kunosanganisira nzira dzinoverengeka; zvakajairika kune vose - kushanda kwete nemunhu mumwe chete, asi nemhuri yose. Zviito uye zvinangwa zvevanhu vari mukurapa uku hazvionekwe seratidziro yemunhu, asi semhedzisiro yemitemo nemitemo yehurongwa hwemhuri.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa, pakati pavo genogram - "mufananidzo" wemhuri yakatorwa kubva pamashoko evatengi, inoratidzira kuberekwa, kufa, kuroorana uye kurambana kwenhengo dzayo. Mukuiunganidza, manyuko ezvinetso anowanzowanwa, achimanikidzira mitezo yemhuri kuzvibata neimwe nzira. Kazhinji misangano yemurapi wemhuri nevatengi inoitika kamwe pasvondo uye inogara kwemwedzi yakati wandei.

Nezvazvo: K. Whitaker “Midnight Reflections of a Family Therapist” (Klass, 1998); M. Bowen "Theory of family systems" (Cogito-Center, 2005); A. Varga "Systemic Family Psychotherapy" (Kutaura, 2001).

  • Psychotherapy yemhuri masisitimu: kudhirowa kwekupedzisira
  • Systemic mhuri kurapwa - chii ichocho?
  • Chii chinogona kuita systemic family therapy?
  • “Handifarire upenyu hwemhuri yangu”

Client Centered Therapy

Muvambi: Carl Rogers, USA (1902-1987)

Ichi chii? Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa system ye psychotherapeutic basa munyika (mushure me psychoanalysis). Inobva pakutenda kuti munhu, achikumbira rubatsiro, anokwanisa kuziva zvikonzero iye pachake uye kuwana nzira yekugadzirisa matambudziko ake - chete kutsigirwa kwepsychotherapist kunodiwa. Zita renzira inosimbisa kuti mutengi ndiye anoita shanduko inotungamira.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Kurapa kunotora chimiro chenhaurirano inotangwa pakati pemutengi nemurapi. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mairi imamiriro emanzwiro ekuvimba, ruremekedzo uye kunzwisisa kusina kutongwa. Inobvumira mutengi kunzwa kuti anogamuchirwa sezvaari; anogona kutaura pamusoro pechinhu chipi nechipi asingatyi kutongwa kana kusatenderwa. Zvichipa kuti munhu wacho pachake anosarudza kana awana zvinangwa zvaanoda, kurapa kunogona kumiswa chero nguva kana sarudzo inogona kuitwa kuti ienderere mberi. Kuchinja kwakanaka kunoitika kare muzvikamu zvekutanga, zvakadzika zvinogoneka mushure memusangano we10-15.

Nezvazvo: K. Rogers “Chirevo chepfungwa chemutengi. Dzidziso, maitiro echizvino-zvino uye kushandisa" (Eksmo-press, 2002).

  • Client-Centered Psychotherapy: Chiitiko cheKukura
  • Carl Rogers, murume anogona kunzwa
  • Nzira yekunzwisisa sei kuti tine nyanzvi yepfungwa yakaipa?
  • Magadzirisirwo epfungwa dzerima

Erickson hypnosis

Muvambi: Milton Erickson, USA (1901-1980)

Ichi chii? Ericksonian hypnosis inoshandisa kugona kwemunhu kuita involuntary hypnotic trance - mamiriro epfungwa umo yakavhurika zvakanyanya uye yakagadzirira shanduko dzakanaka. Iyi i "nyoro", isiri-directive hypnosis, umo munhu anoramba akamuka.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Murapi wepfungwa haashandise zano rakananga, asi anoshandisa madimikira, fananidzo, ngano - uye kusaziva pachako kunowana nzira yekuenda kune mhinduro kwayo. Mhedzisiro inogona kuuya mushure mechikamu chekutanga, dzimwe nguva zvinotora mwedzi yakati wandei yebasa.

Nezvazvo: M. Erickson, E. Rossi "The Man from February" (Klass, 1995).

  • Erickson hypnosis
  • Hypnosis: rwendo mukati mako
  • Dialogue of subpersonalities
  • Hypnosis: yechitatu maitiro ehuropi

Transactional analysis

Muvambi: Eric Bern, Canada (1910-1970)

Ichi chii? Nhungamiro ye psychotherapeutic yakavakirwa padzidziso yezvitatu zve "Ini" yedu - yevana, vakuru nevabereki, pamwe chete nesimba rehurumende risingazive rakasarudzwa nemunhu pakudyidzana nevamwe vanhu. Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuti mutengi azive misimboti yemafambiro ake uye oitora pasi pesimba rake revakuru.

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Murapi anobatsira kuona kuti ndechipi chikamu che "Ini" chedu chinobatanidzwa mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, pamwe nekunzwisisa kuti chii chisingazivi mamiriro ehupenyu hwedu. Somugumisiro webasa iri stereotypes yekuchinja kwemaitiro. Kurapa kunoshandisa zvinhu zve psychodrama, kuita-kutamba, kutevedzera mhuri. Mhando iyi yekurapa inoshanda mubasa reboka; nguva yaro inobva pane chido chemutengi.

Nezvazvo: E. Bern "Mitambo inotambwa nevanhu ...", "Unoti kudii mushure mekunge wataura" mhoro "(FAIR, 2001; Ripol classic, 2004).

  • Transactional analysis
  • Transactional Analysis: Inotsanangura sei maitiro edu?
  • Transactional Analysis: Inogona sei kubatsira muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva?
  • transactional analysis. Nzira yekupindura sei kune hasha?

Body Oriented Therapy

Vakatanga Wilhelm Reich, Austria (1897–1957); Alexander Lowen, USA (b. 1910)

Ichi chii? Iyo nzira yakavakirwa pakushandiswa kweakakosha maekisesaizi emuviri pamwe nekuongororwa kwepfungwa kwekunzwa kwemuviri uye maitiro emunhu. Inobva panzvimbo yeW. Reich kuti zviitiko zvose zvinoshungurudza zvekare zvinoramba zviri mumuviri wedu nenzira ye "muscle clamps".

Izvi zvinoitika sei? Matambudziko evarwere anotariswa maererano nehunhu hwekushanda kwemuviri wavo. Basa remunhu anoita maekisesaizi ndiko kunzwisisa muviri wake, kuona kuratidzwa kwemuviri kwezvido zvake, zvishuwo, manzwiro. Kuziva uye basa remuviri rinoshandura maitiro ehupenyu, kupa kunzwa kwekuzara kwehupenyu. Makirasi anoitwa ega uye muboka.

Nezvazvo: A. Lowen "Nguva Yenyama yeChimiro Chechimiro" (PANI, 1996); M. Sandomiersky "Psychosomatics uye Body Psychotherapy" (Klass, 2005).

  • Body Oriented Therapy
  • Gamuchira muviri wako
  • body in western format
  • Ndapedza! Kuzvibatsira Pachako Nokushanda Kwemuviri

Leave a Reply