Mukati
tsananguro
Waini (lat. Shamwari) chinwiwa chinodhakwa chinogadzirwa nekuviriswa kwemazambiringa kana chimwewo muto wemichero. Simba rechinwiwa mushure mekuvira riri pamusoro pe9-16.
Mune mhando dzakasimba, simba rakakwirira vanowana nekusanganisa waini nedoro kune inodiwa muzana.
Waini ndicho chinwiwa chekare kudarika zvese. Kune ngano zhinji dzechinoitika chekutanga chinwiwa, icho chinoratidzwa mune epics yeAkare Greek, Roma yekare, uye Persian nhoroondo. Masayendisiti mazhinji anotenda kuti kubuda kwewaini nekukura kunoenderana nekuumbwa kwevanhu pamwe nekusimudzira.
Chinwiwa chekaresa chakasara muchimiro chezvisaririra zvakasara kusvika 5400-5000 BC. Archeologists vakaiwana munharaunda yemazuva ano yeCaucasus.
Kugadzira tekinoroji
Iyo tekinoroji yechinwiwa nguva dzese inochinja. Izvi zvakaitika kusvikira vagadziri vanyatsotsanangura zvikamu zvikuru. Maitiro ekugadzirwa kwechena uye tsvuku waini zvakasiyana.
Tsvuku
Saka vagadziri vewaini tsvuku vanogadzira kubva kumazambiringa matsvuku. Vanokohwa mazambiringa akaibva uye voapfuudza nepakati pekupwanya, panotsemuka mabhanji nematavi. Mukuvhiya uku, pfupa rinofanira kuramba rakasimba. Zvikasadaro, chinwiwa chichava chakanyanya tart. Vanobva vapwanywa mazambiringa pamwe nembiriso vanoisa munzvimbo dzakakosha matangi uko kunovirisa kunotanga. Mushure memasvondo maviri nemaviri, kusimba kwekuvira kunoderera, uye doro rinosvika pakakwirira. Mukana weiyo isina kukwana huwandu hweshuga yakasikwa mumazambiringa- vagadziri vanowedzera shuga yakachena. Pakupera kwekuvira, ivo vanodira iyo waini, kusvina uye kusefa iyo keke.
Vagadziri vewaini vadiki vanogona bhodhoro kamwechete. Mhedzisiro yacho iri mhando yakachipa yewaini. Iwo anodhura mabhureki, ivo ndevachembera kukwegura mumiti yemiouki mudura revanenge makore 1-2. Munguva iyi, waini inopwa uye inogara pasi pevhu. Kuti uwane zvinwiwa zvemhando yepamusoro mumabhiramu, zvinogara zvichikwirisa uye kuchinjisa kune imwe nyowani yekuchenesa kubva padutu. Chinwiwa chevintage vanoisa pasi pekupedzisira kusefa uye kumabhodhoro.
Chena
Kugadzira waini chena, vano svuura michero yemazambiringa isati yatanga kuvirisa, uye pakumuisira, vanoshandisa chete mvura yakasvinwa vasina kusvina. Iyo nzira yekukwegura kweiyo chena waini haipfuure makore 1.5.
Zvichienderana neshuga iri mune waini uye simba rayo, izvi zvinwiwa zvakapatsanurwa mutafura, yakasimba, yakavhenganiswa, uye inopenya.
Vanhu vanogadzira waini kwese kwese pasirese, asi shanu dzepamusoro dzekutengesa waini dzinosanganisira France, Italy, Spain, USA, Argentina.
Chimwe nechimwe chakasiyana chechinwiwa chakanakira kushandira pane imwe tembiricha uye kune imwe madhishi.
Zvakanakira waini
Vanachiremba vazhinji vanotenda kuti kunwiwa kwezuva nezuva kwehuwandu hwewaini kunobatsira kwazvo kune hutano hwemuviri wese (kwete inopfuura rimwe girazi pazuva). Iine huwandu hwakawanda hwema enzymes, acids (malic, tartaric), mavitamini (B1, B2, C, P), zvicherwa (calcium, sodium, potasium, phosphorus, magnesium), uye zvimwe zvinoshanda zvipenyu.
Saka waini tsvuku yakapfuma kwazvo muiyi antioxidant, senge resveratrol. Nzvimbo yayo chaiyo ine simba kakapetwa kagumi kusvika makumi maviri pane vhitamini E. Waini inewo ayoni uye zvinhu zvinobatsira mukumwiswa kwayo zviri nani kunowedzera mwero wehemoglobin. Zvakanakira mhedzisiro yemongo mutsvuku inobatsira kugadzira masero matsvuku eropa (erythrocytes).
Iko kushandiswa kwewaini kunosimbisa kugaya, kudya, uye kuyerera kwematehwe ematehwe. Iyo ine antiseptic uye antibacterial zvivakwa, ichivhiringidza causative vamiririri vekorera, malaria, uye tibhii. Vamwe vanachiremba vanoraira kunwa kwekutsvuka kwakasiyana kwechirwere chepltic ulcer. Kuvapo kwetanini kunobatsira kuporesa nekukurumidza kwemaronda.
Waini chena uye tsvuku inoderedza cholesterol mumuropa, inogadzirisa metabolism, uye inosimudzira kubuda kwehupfu. Ivo zvakare normalize iwo munyu mwero; tinokurudzira kushandisa waini kudzikisa munyu unoiswa mumajoini.
Zvemukati muwaini, makabhohaidhiretsi, uye mamwe marudzi emapuroteni zvinopa muviri simba rekuwedzera. Tartaric acid inobatsira kuenzaniswa kwemapuroteni akaomarara emhuka.
Kukuvadza kwewaini uye zvinopesana
Kutanga, izvo zvinobatsira zvivakwa zvine chete zvinwiwa zvinwiwa pasina chero zvinowedzera uye dhayi.
Kunyanyisa kunwa waini kunogona kutungamira mukukura kwecoronary moyo chirwere, chiropa cirrhosis, uye chirwere cheshuga. Zvakare, yakawanda doro inogona kukurudzira kukura uye kukura kwekenza.
Mukupedzisa, inofanira kusabviswa pane kudya kwevakadzi panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa. Vanhu vane chirwere chechiropa uye rwatata vane acute cystitis uye kurapwa ndiwo maantibayoti madhiragi uye vana menyu.
