Dmitry munhu akasununguka - mumwe munhu anofarira kuchera mumarara achitsvaga chikafu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira. Kusiyana nevasina pekugara uye vapemhi, vakasununguka vanozviita nekuda kwezvikonzero zvepfungwa, kubvisa kukuvadza kwekushandisa zvakanyanya muhurongwa hwehupfumi hwakanangidzirwa kune purofiti pamusoro pekutarisira, kune hune hutongi hwezviwanikwa zvepasi: kuchengetedza mari kuitira kuti ikwane kune wese. Vateveri verusununguko vanodzikamisa kutora kwavo chikamu muhupenyu hwehupfumi hwechinyakare uye vanoyedza kudzikisa zviwanikwa zvinodyiwa. Nenzira yakamanikana, freeganism imhando yekurwisa-globalism.
Maererano neFood and Agriculture Organization yeSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose, gore rimwe nerimwe chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvokudya zvinogadzirwa, zvinenge matani mabhiriyoni 1,3, zvinoraswa uye zvinoparadzwa. MuEurope neNorth America, huwandu hwekudya hwakaraswa gore rega rega pamunhu ndeye 95 kg uye 115 kg, zvichiteerana, muRussia nhamba iyi yakaderera - 56 kg.
Bato remahara rakatanga kuUnited States kuma1990s semhinduro kukushandiswa zvisina musoro kwevanhu. Uzivi uhwu hutsva kuRussia. Zvakaoma kuronda nhamba chaiyo yevaRussia vanotevera mararamiro emahara, asi kune mazana evateveri munharaunda dzine thematic pasocial network, kunyanya kubva kumaguta makuru: Moscow, St. Petersburg neYekaterinburg. Vazhinji vemahara, saDimitri, vanogovana mapikicha ezvavakawana online, vanochinjana mazano ekutsvaga nekugadzira chikafu chakaraswa asi chinodyiwa, uye vanotodhirowa mamepu enzvimbo "dzinobereka" zvakanyanya.
"Zvese zvakatanga muna 2015. Panguva iyoyo, ndakakwira kuSochi kekutanga uye vandaifamba navo vakandiudza nezvekusununguka. Ndakanga ndisina mari yakawanda, ndaigara mutende pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, uye ndakasarudza kuedza kusazvibata,” anoyeuka kudaro.
Nzira yekupikisa kana kupona?
Nepo vamwe vanhu vachisemburwa nepfungwa yokumbotsvanzvadzira mumarara, shamwari dzaDimitri hadzimutongi. “Mhuri yangu neshamwari vanonditsigira, dzimwe nguva ndinotovaudzawo zvandinowana. Ndinoziva zvakawanda zvemahara. Zvinonzwisisika kuti vanhu vakawanda vanofarira kuwana chikafu chemahara.”
Zvechokwadi, kana kune vamwe, freeganism inzira yekugadzirisa kudya kwakanyanyisa kwezvokudya, saka kune vakawanda muRussia matambudziko emari anovasundira kumararamiro aya. Vanhu vakura vakawanda, vakadai saSergei, mudyandigere anobva kuSt. Petersburg, vanotarirawo mumigodhi yemarara seri kwezvitoro. “Dzimwe nguva ndinowana chingwa kana miriwo. Nguva yekupedzisira ndakawana bhokisi re tangerines. Pane munhu akairasa asi ndakatadza kuisimudza nekuti yainge yarema uye imba yangu yaiva kure,” anodaro.
Maria, ane makore 29 anoshanda akazvimirira anobva kuMoscow uyo aiita zvemahara makore matatu apfuura, anobvumawo kuti akatanga mararamiro aya nekuda kwemamiriro ake emari. “Pane imwe nguva yandakapedza nguva yakawanda ndichigadzirisa furati uye ndakanga ndisina maodha kubasa. Ndaiva nezvikwereti zvakawandisa zvisina kubhadhara, saka ndakatanga kuchengetedza chikafu. Ndakaona bhaisikopo raitaura nezvekusununguka uye ndakafunga kutsvaga vanhu vanozviita. Ndakasangana nomumwe mukadzi wechiduku aivawo nemamiriro ezvinhu emari akaoma uye taienda kuzvitoro zvegirosari kamwe chete pavhiki, tichitarira nomumigove nemabhokisi emuriwo wakarohwa akasiiwa nezvitoro. Takawana zvinhu zvakawanda zvakanaka. Ndaingotora zvaiva pasuru kana zvandaigona kufashaidza kana kugocha. Handina kumbobvira ndadya mbishi,” anodaro.
Gare gare, Maria akave ari nani nemari, panguva imwe cheteyo akasiya zvemahara.
musungo wepamutemo
Nepo vemahara nevamwe vavo vanoita zverudo vanosimudzira nzira ine hungwaru yekudya zvakapera kuburikidza nekugovana chikafu, vachishandisa zvakaraswa zvinosanganisa uye kugadzira chikafu chemahara chevanoshaya, vatengesi vegrocery vekuRussia vanoita kunge "vakasungwa" nezvinodiwa nemutemo.
Pane dzimwe nguva apo vashandi vemuzvitoro vaimanikidzwa kuparadza nemaune zvikafu zvakapera asi zvichiri kudyiwa nemvura yakasviba, marasha kana soda pane kupa vanhu chikafu. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mutemo weRussia unorambidza makambani kutamisa zvinhu zvapera nguva kuenda kune chero chinhu kunze kwemabhizinesi ekudzokorora. Kutadza kutevedzera zvinodiwa izvi kunogona kukonzera faindi kubva paRUB 50 kusvika paRUB 000 pakutyora kwega kwega. Parizvino, chinhu chega chezvitoro chinogona kuita zviri pamutemo kudzikisa zvigadzirwa zvave kusvika zuva rekupera.
Chimwe chitoro chidiki chegirosari muYakutsk chakatomboedza kuunza sherufu yemahara yegirosari kune vatengi vane matambudziko emari, asi kuyedza kwakakundikana. Sokutsanangura kwakaita Olga, muridzi wechitoro, vatengi vakawanda vakatanga kutora zvokudya musherufu iyi: “Vanhu vakanga vasinganzwisisi kuti zvinhu izvi zvaiva zvevarombo.” Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana akaitwa muKrasnoyarsk, uko avo vaishayiwa vainyara kuuya kuzodya mahara, nepo vatengi vanoshanda vachitsvaga chikafu chemahara vakauya pasina nguva.
MuRussia, vatevedzeri vanowanzokurudzirwa kutora zvigadziriso kumutemo we "Pakuchengetedzwa Kwekodzero dzeVatengi" kuti ubvumire kugoverwa kwezvinhu zvakapera kuvarombo. Iye zvino zvitoro zvinomanikidzwa kunyora kunonoka, asi kazhinji kudzokorodza kunodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura mutengo wezvigadzirwa pachazvo. Nekudaro, maererano nevakawanda, nzira iyi ichagadzira musika usiri pamutemo wezvigadzirwa zvakapera munyika, tisingarevi chokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvakapera zvine njodzi kune hutano.