Le zodzera inzira yekurapa iyo inosanganisira unganidza masero epamusoro nekukwesha zvishoma nebhurasho diki, spatula kana yakakosha cotton swab. Kana yangoiswa pane siraidhi yegirazi, masero anoongororwa pasi pemaikorosikopu kuti aone chero chisina kunaka.

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa smear ndeye Pap smear. Uku kuongororwa kwevakadzi kunosanganisira kutora masero kubva ku chirevix uye kuzvicherekedza pasi pe microscope kuitira kuti vaongorore kutaridzika kwavo (kuitira kuti vaone cancer kana zvipembenene zvine ngozi).

Mamwe marudzi ekuzora anogona kuitwa, anosanganisira:

• le anal smear : kutora maseru kubva murukuvhute rwe anus ayo anoongororwa nemaikorosikopu kuti aone kana aita shanduko dzisiri dzenguva dzose dzinogona kukonzera gomarara.

• le ropa smear : inosanganisira kuparadzira ropa diki pagirazi rinotsvedza nekuritarisa pasi pemaikorosikopu, kunyanya kutarisa kuti masero eropa akasiyana aripo here kana kuti haana morphological abnormalities.

• kana microbiological smear, inoitwa semuenzaniso muhuro: kutora sampuli kuitira kuita bacteriological kana mycological bvunzo.

Rangarira kuti cervix, iri pakati nyinyo uyeuterus, chingava chigaro chepapillomavirus zvirwere (kana kuti papillomavirus yevanhu, HPV), mavhairasi anotapuriranwa pabonde uye anogona kuita kuti masero akabatwa ave masero egomarara. Nokudaro, 70% yemakondomu emuchibereko inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwepapillomavirus. the Chirwere chemhondi chirwere chinyararire, zviratidzo zvenguva refu zvisingaoneki. Ndiyo yechipiri pakukonzera gomarara muvanhukadzi pasi rose, uye yayo chomukondombera saka yakakosha zvikuru. Sekureva kweNational Cancer Institute, muFrance, zvinokurudzirwa kuita smear makore matatu ega ega, pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi matanhatu nemashanu.

MuQuebec, bvunzo iyi inonziwo ” PAP bvunzo Kana Papanicolaou smear (akatumidzwa zita rachiremba akariisa panzvimbo).

Murwere anoiswa panzvimbo yegynecological apo chiremba anosuma a speculum kuitira kutonga kunze madziro emboro. Anobva abvisa masero kubva pamusoro pemuromo wechibereko achishandisa jira rakakosha rekotoni kana bhurasho diki. Ongororo yacho inokurumidza.

Masero anoiswa pagirazi slide, yakagadziriswa uye dhayi inowedzerwa. Vanobva vaendeswa kurabhoritari kunoongororwa nemaikorosikopu. Nekuti masero egomarara haataridzike akafanana neakajairwa maseru, anogona kuonekwa.

Zvichienderana nechitarisiko chemasero, chiremba anogona kuona kana ari akajairika kana kana muromo wechibereko une utachiona, precancerous kana cancer maronda.

Iyi bvunzo inoitawo kuti zvikwanise kutarisa kushanduka kwe precancerous cells uye kuona kuti gomarara haridzoke mushure mekurapwa.

Ziva kuti zvakakosha kugara uchiongororwa, nekuti smear haisi 100% yakavimbika bvunzo uye maseru anogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva.

Kana pasina kukanganisa pakuongororwa kuviri kwakatevedzana, zvinokurudzirwa kudzokorora ongororo makore maviri kana matatu ega ega.

Kana kuongororwa kukaratidza kusagadzikana, chiremba anogona kuita dzimwe bvunzo:

• bvunzo yehutachiona, kusimbisa kuvepo kwehutachiona hwepapillomavirus kana hutachiona hwembiriso

• bhiopsy

Cherechedza kuti kune mushonga wekudzivirira kenza yechibereko, inodzivirira kumarudzi makuru epillomavirus. Nekudaro, mushonga uyu hautsire smear kuongorora, izvo zvinoramba zvichikosha.