Ancistrus hove

Tsanangudzo yehove yeAncistrus

Kuchengeta hove munzvimbo yakavharirwa mu aquarium nguva dzose inobatanidzwa nedambudziko rekuchenesa mvura. Izvi zvinogona kufananidzwa nekutsvaga vanhu mukamuri rakatsvikinyidzana - kana musina mhepo inofefetera nekucheneswa kanenge nguva nenguva, munguva pfupi vanhu vanoshaya mweya kana kurwara.

Ehezve, kutanga pane zvese, iwe unongoda kushandura mvura, asi kune zvakare vachenesi vepanyama vanounganidza marara anogadzika pasi, uye nekudaro chengetedza aquarium yakachena. Uye vatungamiri chaivo munyaya iyi ndeye catfish - hove yepasi, iyo inogona kunzi chaiyo "vacuum cleaners". Uye catfish-ancistrus yakatowedzera mune iyi nyaya - inochenesa kwete pasi chete, asiwo madziro eiyo aquarium. Chimiro chemuviri wavo chakanyanya kuenderana nebasa rekuchenesa pasi - kusiyana nehove dzinoshambira mumbiru yemvura, muviri wavo hauna kutsetseka kubva kumativi, asi une chimiro chesimbi: dumbu rakafara rakafara uye mativi akadzika. Muchikamu chemuchinjikwa, muviri wavo une chimiro chetatu kana semicircle.

Izvi zvisikwa zvinoyevedza zvakazvarwa kunzizi dzeSouth America, asi zvakagara uye zvakazvimisikidza munzvimbo zhinji dzemvura munyika. Panguva imwecheteyo, catfish haina kusiyana mukunaka kana multicolor, kunyange zvazvo ichikwezva akawanda aquarist, kutanga, nemabhenefiti avanounza, chechipiri, nekusazvibata kwavo, uye chechitatu, nekuonekwa kwavo kusingawanzo. 

Ancistrus kana catfish-sticks (1) (Ancistrus) - hove dzemhuri yavo Locariidae (Loricariidae) kana ketani catfish. Vanotaridzika kunge polka-dot irons inosvika 15 cm kureba. Sekutonga, vane ruvara rwakasviba rune chidimbu chemavara machena, hunhu hwemasharubu kana zvinomera pamuromo, uye chinhu chisina kujairika chechitarisiko chavo muromo unoyamwa, wavanounganidza nyore chikafu kubva pasi uye kukwenya microscopic algae kubva. madziro eiyo aquarium, uye munzvimbo yavo yechisikigo ivo vanobatwawo munzvimbo munzizi dzinoyerera nekukurumidza. Muviri wese wekatfish wakafukidzwa nemahwendefa akasimba akakwana senge nhumbi dzekudzivirira dzinovadzivirira kubva mukukuvadzwa netsaona, kwavakagamuchira zita rechipiri "chain catfish".

Zvese izvi zvinoita kuti Ancistrus catfish ive imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa hove dzemu aquarium.

Mhando nemhando dzehove dzeAncistrus

Imwe chete mhando yeaya catfish anorimwa mu aquariums - Ancistrus vulgaris (Ancistrus dolichopterus). Kunyange vanoda hove dzokutanga vanotanga. Grey uye isingaoneki, inoratidzika senge mouse, asi aquarist akawira murudo nayo, zvichida kupfuura dzimwe hama dzavo dzose, nokuda kwekusava nehanya kwayo uye kushingaira.

Vapfuri vakashandawo pane idzi nondescript cleaners, saka nhasi mhando dzakawanda dzeancistrus dzakatove dzakagadzirwa, dzinosiyana muvara uye chitarisiko, asi dzichine huwandu hwezvinhu zvakafanana. Semuyenzaniso, aya akafara, akatwasuka akarongwa zvimbi anotaridzika kunge mapapiro endege diki.

• Ancistrus tsvuku - vamiririri vadiki vekambani yesucker catfish, iyo ruvara inofananidzwa zvakanaka nevamwe vane matani eorenji-buff tones, kusiyana nevamwe vavo, inotungamira mararamiro ezuva nezuva, chibereko chekusarudzwa uye chinogona kuberekesa nyore nyore neancstrus yemamwe marudzi;
• Ancistrus yegoridhe - yakafanana neyakapfuura, asi ruvara rwayo ndeyegoridhe yero isina chero mavara, iine albino, kureva, yakajairika catfish yakarasikirwa nerima, rudzi rwakakurumbira pakati peaquarist, zvisinei, musango, akadaro. “hove dzendarama” hazvibviri kuti dzingadai dzakararama;
• ancistrus nyeredzi -katfish yakanaka kwazvo, isingaparadzwe kunyangwe nemabukira mazhinji mumusoro, machena ane mavara echando akapararira zvakanyanya pamusoro perima remuviri waro, zvichipa hove kutaridzika kwakanaka kwazvo (nenzira, ine antennae inobuda yaunoda chenjera kwazvo kana uchibata hove nemambure - dzinogona kubatwa mumambure zviri nyore.

Ancistrus yakanyatsopindirana pamwe chete, inogona kuwanikwa mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana uye kunyange asina kujairika mavara: marbled, beige ane rima polka dots, beige ine mavara uye mamwe (2).

Ancistrus hove kuwirirana nedzimwe hove

Sezvo Ancistrus inonyanya kugara pasi-pasi, haipindire nevamwe vagari vemu aquarium, saka vanogona kuwirirana nechero hove. Ehe, haufanirwe kuvagadzirisa nezvikara zvine hutsinye zvinogona kuruma zvine rugare catfish, zvisinei, izvi hazviwanzo kuitika, nekuti ancistrus inodzivirirwa neganda ravo rine simba remapfupa, iro risiri hove dzese dzinogona kuruma.

Kuchengeta hove dzeancistrus mu aquarium

Pasinei nechitarisiko chakasarudzika uye dzimwe nguva chakajeka ruvara, chero aquarist anofanirwa kunge aine imwechete inonamira catfish, nekuti anozochenesa madziro eiyo aquarium kubva kune yakasvibira plaque uye odya zvese izvo dzimwe hove dzaive dzisina nguva yekumedza. Uyezve, iyi diki asi isinganeti inorarama "vacuum cleaner" inoshanda kwete chete masikati, asiwo usiku.

Ancistrus hove kutarisira

Sezvo catfish iri zvisikwa zvisingaremekedzi zvakanyanya, kuvatarisira kushoma: shandura mvura iri mu aquarium kamwe chete pasvondo, isa aeration, uye zvinokurudzirwa kuisa snag yehuni pazasi (unogona kuitenga pane chero chitoro chemhuka, asi zviri nani. zviri nani kuisa iyo yakaunzwa kubva musango) - ancistrus anonyanya kufarira cellulose uye kudya huni nekunakidzwa.

Aquarium volume

Mune zvinyorwa, munhu anogona kuwana zvirevo zvekuti ancistrus inoda aquarium inenge 100 malita. Zvingangodaro, pano tiri kutaura pamusoro pehombe yehove yehove. Asi ancistrus yakajairika kana tsvuku, iyo saizi ine mwero, inogona kugutsikana nemidziyo midiki. 

Ehezve, haufanirwe kudyara boka rese mu aquarium rine huwandu hwemarita makumi maviri, asi imwe catfish ichapona ipapo (nenguva dzose uye kazhinji inochinja mvura, hongu). Asi, chokwadika, muvhoriyamu huru, achanzwa zviri nani zvikuru.

Kupisa kwemvura

Pasinei nokuti Ancistrus catfish inobva kunzizi dzeSouth America dzinodziya, dzinoshivirira zvakadzikama kuderera kwekushisa kwemvura mumvura ye aquarium kusvika 20 ° C. Zvechokwadi, izvi hazvirevi kuti dzinofanira kugara dzichichengetwa mumvura inotonhora, asi kana zvikadaro. inotonhora muimba yako panguva ye-off-season uye mvura yakatonhora pasi, hazvidiwi kukurumidza kutenga hita nekuda kweancistrus. Ivo vanokwanisa chaizvo kumirira kunze kwemamiriro ezvinhu akashata, asi, hongu, hazvina kukodzera kugara "vachitonhora" ivo.

Chii chekudyisa

Kuve wakarongeka uye, mumwe angati, aquarium cleaners, ancistrus ndeye omnivores. Izvi zvisikwa zvisingazvikudzi zvinodya zvese zvisina kudyiwa nehove dzese. "Vachitsvaira" pasi, ivo vachatora maflakes ezvokudya izvo zvakange zvapotswa nekusaziva, uye kunamatira nerubatsiro rwemuromo unoyamwa kumadziro egirazi, ivo vachaunganidza plaque yose yakasvibirira yakaumbwa ipapo pasi pechiito chechiedza. Uye ziva kuti ancistrus haizombokuregedzesa, saka unogona kuvimba navo zvakachengeteka kuti vachenese aquarium pakati pekuchenesa.

Kune chikafu chakakosha chakanangana nehove dzepasi, asi isingaderere catfish yakagadzirira kugutsikana nezvinopinda mumvura sekudya kwemasikati kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara dze aquarium.

Kuberekwa kweancistrus hove kumba

Kana zvakanyanya kuoma kuti dzimwe hove dzione zvepabonde, saka dambudziko iri harimuki nekatfish. Cavaliers inogona kusiyaniswa kubva kuvakadzi nekuvapo kwemasharubu, kana kuti, akawanda anobuda pamuromo, izvo zvinopa hove idzi kusarudzika uye kunyange kutarisika kwekunze.

Hove idzi dzinobereka zviri nyore uye nokuzvidira, asi inopenya yero caviar inowanzova mhuka yedzimwe hove. Saka, kana iwe uchida kuwana vana kubva kune akati wandei ancistrus, zviri nani kuvaisa mune inobereka aquarium ine aeration uye sefa pamberi. Uyezve, inofanira kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti mukadzi anongoisa mazai, uye murume anotarisira vana, saka kuvapo kwake pedyo nemasoni kunonyanya kukosha.

Kana zvisingabviri kudyara catfish, wobva wavapa nzvimbo dzekugara dzakavimbika mune main aquarium. Vanonyanya kufarira machubhu maunogona kuvanda kubva kune dzimwe hove. Uye zviri mukati mavo kuti ancistrus inowanzobereka vana. Chikwata chega chega chinowanzo kuve nemazai egoridhe anopenya kubva pamakumi matatu kusvika mazana maviri (30).

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Akapindura mibvunzo pamusoro pezviri mugourami muridzi wechitoro chemhuka Konstantin Filimonov.

Zvitubu zve

1. Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar AN, Russ, TS, Shatunovsky MI Duramazwi remitauro mishanu yemazita emhuka. Hove. Latin, , Chirungu, German, French. / pasi pehuwandu hwekunyora kweacad. VE Sokolova // M.: Rus. zuva, 1989
2. Shkolnik Yu.K. Aquarium hove. Complete Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 2009
3. Kostina D. Zvese nezve aquarium hove // ​​AST, 2009