Rudzi rwevanhu rwakatarisana nedambudziko rekuronga kuzvarwa kubva panguva dzekare. Munguva iyoyo yekusazvibata, nzira yakareruka yaive yekuuraya vacheche: kubayira vana kuna vamwari nemidzimu, vachivasiya vachidyiwa nemhuka, kushaikwa kwekutarisira vanorwara uye vasina simba vacheche uye nguva nenguva kuparadzwa kwevanenge vacheche vese - senge, semuenzaniso. pakati perudzi rwehondo dzeAngolan nomads - Jags, uko mukadzi aionekwa seasiri amai semurwi akanakisa, asingade kuva nevanopfuura vana vaviri.
MuIndia neChina, nzira dzakadai dze "Spartan-demographic" dzakaramba dziripo kusvika pakati pezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Kutaura idi, tsika dzechiJudha nedzechiKristu bedzi dzakaratidzira mukurwisana nokudzora kubereka kwakadaro. Zvisinei, dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira pamuviri hadzina kumutsa chido pakati pevafundisi: zvepabonde zvinogona kururamiswa chete nechinangwa chepamusoro - kuberekwa kwenhamba isingadzorwi yevana, iyo vashomanana chete vakapona. MuVictorian England, mukadzi akaratidzwa se "ngirozi yakachena", asina ruzivo rwekuda kwenyama, uye kunyanya nekutsvakurudza kwemazuva ano kwezvokurapa pamusoro pekuti mimba inoitika sei uye nei pamuviri ichiitika. Kunyanguvezvo, mazana amakore okusakendenga kwevaFarisi kumamiriro ezvinhu orudzi akapfuura, kunyange zvazvo ngano dzichiripo. Nokudaro, kunyange nhasi, kushamwaridzana kwakawanda kusingafadzi kwakabatanidzwa neshoko rokuti "sterilization": chimwe chinhu chinotyisa, kubva munhoroondo yekuedza kwehupenzi pavanhu, inonzwika muzwi pacharo. Asi sezvo muvengi wezvokwadi haasi nhema, asi ngano, zvakakodzera kujekesa kuvhiringidzika mumisoro yevamwe vagari vemo.
Nhema 1
Sterilization inogara ichivhiringidzika nekukanda - kubviswa kwemaovari nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekurapa. Havasi chinhu chimwe chete zvachose. Musiyano wakakosha pakati pekuita sterilization ndewekuti haichinje hormonal background: mukadzi anoramba ari mukadzi, kungofanana nemurume anoramba ari murume. Kunyangwe kuvhiya uku kunenge kusingadzokerike, sekukanda: kudzoreredzwa kwekubereka mushure mezvinenge zvisingaite.
Nhema 2
Kudzivirira pamuviri ibhizimusi remukadzi. Vazhinji vevanhukadzi vose vane chokwadi neizvi. Nokudaro, mamwe mafungire epfungwa anomuka: kunyange kana murume akagadzirira kuvharwa kana kunwa mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubereka, mumwe wake anopikisa zvakasimba izvi. Madzimai anotya kuti kudzivirira kunokuvadza murume uye kunzwa mhosva nekuchinja basa iri pamapfudzi evarume vasina simba. Aya maonero akatadza kwete muRussia chete, asiwo mune zvechinyakare zveEurope, uye chete vakadzi veAmerica vanoita zvekudzivirira kubata pamuviri senzira yakanaka yekubuda mumamiriro ezvinhu.
Nhema 3
"Ini ndakaitwa sterilized - zvinoreva kuti ndiri pasi." Mamiriro epfungwa emukadzi akabvuma kuvharwa akafanana nekunetseka kunoitwa nevakadzi vakadzidza nezvekusabereka kwavo. Mukadzi asingabereki anonzwa kurudziro isingagoneki yekuva amai, mukadzi akavharwa, uyo akazviramba nemaune, anozviwana ari mumamiriro ezvinhu apo hunhu hunopesana nepurogiramu yezvakaberekwa, pfungwa yekubereka. Muviri unoremerwa nemahomoni ekushushikana, kushushikana, kushushikana, kushatirwa kunowedzera zvakanyanya zvekuti unofanirwa kutendeukira kune antidepressants. Iwe unogona kurwisa pfungwa dzakaipa nemishonga decoctions, asi dzimwe nguva unofanirwa kutendeukira kumishonga kana maekisesaizi ekuzorora kuti ubvise kushushikana.
Nhema 4
"Sterilization ndeyevakuru nevanorwara." Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti sterilization ndiyo chiyero chakanyanyisa, apo mukadzi, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehutano, pasina mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuva nevana, hapana nzira dzekudzivirira pamuviri dzakakodzera kwaari, uye nekuda kweizvi anogara achiita pamuviri uye anogara achibvisa pamuviri. Kutaura zvazviri, sterilization inoratidzwa kuvakadzi vakakura, asi kwete kune vakwegura uye kwete chete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekurapa, asiwo pakusarudza kwekusununguka kwemukadzi pachake kana murume pachake.
Nhema 5
Vanhu vazhinji vanozvitenda izvozvo vakadzi nevarume vapfuura zera havachakwanisi kuzvara mwana... Asi muviri unokwanisa kuita kuti mukadzi ane makore 45-55 afare aine pamuviri. Pave paya zvakawanda kuzvara kunoitikawo, uye kubereka (kukwanisa kubereka) mbeu yemurume haina ganhuriro dzezera zvachose.
Nokudaro, takapinda mumireniyamu itsva nenharo dzinotyisa pamusoro pokuzvidira mbereko: nzira iyi yokuronga mhuri inogamuchirwa here kana kuti inofanira kurambidzwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvetsika. Zvichakadaro, muna 2000, vakadzi 145 miriyoni uye 45 miriyoni varume pasi rose vakaitwa sterilized. MuEurope neAmerica, mukadzi wechina wega wega ane makore anopfuura 30 anoshandisa nzira iyi yekudzivirira kubata pamuviri. MuRussia, maererano nemutemo weRussian Federation, kusununguka kwekuzvidira kunobvumirwa chero pasina zvipingamupinyi - kukanganisa kwakanyanya, kukanganisa kwemwoyo, kufema, urinary uye nervous system, mamota akaipa, zvirwere zveropa, uyewo kana vana vaviri mumhuri. Inobvumirwa kuvhiyiwa uye avo vane mwana mumwe chete, asi mukadzi anofanira kunge ane makore makumi matatu nemaviri. Mukiriniki yeantenatal uye mudhipatimendi regynecology, vangangoedza kutsvaga kukomba kwezvinangwa zvako uye, zvichida, ivo vachaedza kukudzivisa iwe: sarudzo yakadaro inofanira kuva yakaenzana uye kwete yechinguvana.
Zvino nezve oparesheni pachayo. Kuvharirwa kwevakadzi kunoratidzika seizvi: chiridzwa chakakosha chinopinzwa mudumbu remudumbu kuburikidza nekachekwa kadiki pazasi peguvhu - laparoscope, iyo inoiswa zvidzitiro kana silicone mhete ku fallopian chubhu. Nokudaro, chivharo chekugadzira che fallopian tubes chinogadzirwa, zai rinoparadzaniswa kubva kumukadzi, uye kubata pamuviri kunenge kusingabviri. Kushandiswa kwe laparoscope kunoita kuti sterilization idzoke. Zvisungo zvinogona kubviswa uye kubereka kunofanira kudzorerwa - asi iyi inzira yakaoma uye isingawanzobudirira. Panguva yekushanda, dzimwe nzira dzinoshandiswa: ligation, uye ipapo kuyambuka mapaipi; kuvharidzirwa kwepombi kuburikidza nekugadzirisa simba rekushisa; kuiswa mu fallopian tubes ezvivharo zvinobviswa, makemikari emvura anokonzera kuumbwa kwevanga risingafambiki.
Kuvhiya kwevarume kunonzi vasectomy. Vasectomy inosanganisira kucheka chidimbu chevas deferens, chubhu inotakura urume kubva kumachende kuenda kuprostate. Mbeu inorega kubereka, uye murume anorasikirwa nekukwanisa kubereka, kuchengetedza zvakakwana mamwe mano ose uye gamut yose yekunzwa kwepabonde. Pane nzira yeChinese postoperative vasectomy ine clamp yakakosha, yakatsanangurwa muna 1974: inoderedza njodzi yekusangana kwemashure. Munguva ye10-12 yepabonde mushure mekuita sterilization, varume vachiri kukurudzirwa kuti vazvidzivirire: imwe chiyero che spermatozoa chinoramba chiri mu prostate. Paivawo nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana apo sutures mumatope akabatwa uye kukwanisa kuisa fetereza kwakadzorerwa. Kuvhiya kudzoreredza mbereko ibasa rinodhura, saka unofanirwa kunyatsofunga nezvesarudzo yako.
Kune rimwe divi, sterilization ndiyo nzira yakavimbika yekudzivirira kubata pamuviri. Kune rumwe rutivi, kuishandisa, iwe haugone kukwanisa kudzosera maitiro aya. Pane yechitatu, iyo, kunyangwe isiri yakanyanya kuoma, asi ichiri kuvhiya. Pachina, kuvhiyiwa kwekamwe chete uku kwakachengeteka zvisingaenzaniswi pane kubvisa pamuviri pakuvhiya. Zvechokwadi, kubereka hakugamuchirwi kune vechidiki uye vanozvivimba vasina vana vasingaiti basa: hupenyu hunogona kupa munhu kutendeuka kwakangoerekana kwapinza, shanduko yechokwadi muhutano hwehutano. Asi vanhu vakuru vane hunhu hwakaumbwa uye boka revana vanoyemurika vadiki, vadiki, vashoma, unogona kufunga nezve nzira iyi yekudzivirira kubata pamuviri.