Iyo yakajairika piranha ihove inodya kubva kumhuri yakakura yecharacin-piranhas. Zvakaoma kuwana munhu asingazivi nezvekuvapo kwehove iyi. Kubva paudiki, kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, tinoudzwa nezvekuteura ropa kwepiranha. Mukurumbira wemhando iyi ndeyechokwadi zvekuti hazviwanzo kujeka kuti ndepapi, zvisinei, ichokwadi uye kupi ingano. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti hadzisi hove dzose dzemhuri iyi dzinofanira kunzi dzine ngozi. Semuyenzaniso, metinnis (Metynnis) kana hove genera Colossoma (Colossoma) uye Mileus (Myleus), hwaro kudya kunovaka siyana chirimwa mhando. Kana dziri zvikara, zvinomiririrwawo nemarudzi akati wandei, kusanganisira mhando dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa, dzinowanzoitwa piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri). Iyi ihove duku, iyo yakareba iyo inowanzoita 15-20 cm. Asi hukuru hukuru hunogona kusvika 50 cm uye huremu hunosvika 4 kg. Kazhinji, pakati pemamwe marudzi emapiranha, kune vanhu vanopfuura 1 m pakureba. Mutumbi wehove une chimiro chakakomberedzwa, chakanyatsogadziriswa kubva kumativi. Kune yakajairika piranha, ruvara rwemuviri wepamusoro muorivhi wakasviba, uye mativi ane sirivheri. Muviri wese wakafukidzwa nezviyero zvidiki. Pazera duku, hove dzine mavara akajeka, mukukura, dzinova dzakasviba. Kazhinji, chimiro ichi chimiro chemarudzi makuru ose. Kune zvimbi zviviri kumusana, imwe yekumashure idiki uye yakachinjika kumuswe. Hove dzose dzemhuri dzine miromo ine nyama, iyo inowanzokuvadzwa panguva yekuvhima uye internecine fights. Shaya dzine mazino akawanda akaita seweji. Rushaya rwezasi runofambiswa mberi, izvo zvinopa kunyanya hutsinye kune chitarisiko. Kureba kwemazino makuru ejaya rezasi kunogona kusvika 2 cm. Simba rekudzvanya shaya rakaenzana ne320 Newtons. Piranha vanhu vakawanda uye vanogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzerwizi. Vanoumba mapoka makuru. Ndivo vabati vanobata, vachivimba nekukasira kwekurwisa nekushamisika. Muboka, vanorwisa vanyajambwa vorudzi rwupi norwupi. Mukutsvaga kwevakabatwa, vanovimba nekunzwa kunhuhwirira kwakanyanya, kuona uye lateral mutsara. Muboka redzimwe hove, vanorwara uye vakakuvadzwa vanokurumidza kuzivikanwa, uyezve, vanhu vakakundwa nekutya vanozivikanwa pakarepo, iyo inovawo chiratidzo chekurwisa. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti piranhas inogona kuumba symbiosis nemamwe marudzi ehove, iyo inovachenesa kubva kune zvipembenene, uye havazvivhime. VaPiranha havarwisi hama dzavo dzakakuvadzwa. Kukuvadzwa kwemuviri wepiranhas kunopora nekukurumidza. Hapana nyaya dzechokwadi dzekuuraiwa kwevanhu dzinozivikanwa. Mamwe marudzi emapiranha ane hunyanzvi mukudyisa zvikero zvedzimwe hove kana zvimbi zvemarudzi makuru. Zvisikwa zvakawanda zvine mamiriro ehuswa zvinogona, zvisinei, kudya pwere dzedzimwe hove. Vamwe vanonyanya kugadzirwa nemichero yezvinomera zviri pedyo nemvura. Zvikara hazvizombopotsa vamiriri vakasiyana-siyana veinvertebrates, mollusks uye zvichingodaro.
Nzira dzokubata hove
Nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwezvipenyu, hukasha uye kuvhuvhuta, chinhu chinowanzoitika uye chakajairika chekuredza panzizi dzenzvimbo dzinopisa dzenzizi dzeSouth America. Kubata piranhas pamabheti echisikigo hakudi yakakosha giya, ruzivo uye hunyanzvi. Vakawanda vakaona mifananidzo yevanhu veko vachibata piranha vasina tsvimbo kana hoko, vachishandisa zvitunha zvemhuka kana hove. Kubva pamakaro, mapiranha anonyudza mazino avo munyama, uye oramba akarembera pairi, unongoda kuisimudza nekuikanda kumahombekombe. Nyama yehove inonaka uye inoshingaira kushandiswa pakudya. Kana uchibata hove nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana uchishandisa giya reamateur, zvinodikanwa kushandisa tambo dzakasimba, pamwe tambo dzesimbi dzakajairwa. Mashizha anodiwa, kunyangwe pakubata herbivorous piranhas. Vazhinji vanobata hove vanouya kunzizi dzinopisa dzeAmerica vanoedza kubata hove dzakasiyana siyana. Uye, sekutonga, iyo ubiquitous piranhas inova "dambudziko": nekuda kwekurumwa kazhinji, zvinoita kuti zviome kuisa pfungwa pamumiriri akasarudzwa weichthyofauna. Nzira dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzekuredza piranha dzinogona kutariswa kuredza nemagiya akasiyana-siyana uchishandisa maredzo echisikigo. Nzira yechipiri inonyanya kufarirwa yekubata hove ndeyekutenderera.
Kubata hove parutanda
Sezvatotaurwa, kubata piranhas pakuruka kunowanzobatanidzwa nekuvabata sekubata. Kana iwe uchida kubata piranha nemaune, ipapo iyo yakakosha poindi yemidziyo isimba rayo. Chokutanga pane zvose, aya maashesi uye zvikorekedzo. Sezvatotaurwa, iyo yakavimbika leash inogona kuva chidimbu chesimbi waya. Chikonzero chacho chakajeka - nhamba huru yemazino akapinza econical anogona kuparadza chero mapfupa. Zvikasadaro, nzira dzekusarudza mabheti uye giya pachayo zvinowanzoenderana neruzivo rwemunhu wemuredzi uye zvaanoda. Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti mhando huru dzepiranha ihove diki, magiya ekutenderera emakirasi akareruka anogona kushandiswa kune nyanzvi yekuredza. Asi usakanganwa kuti hove dzakasiyana-siyana munzizi dzinopisa ndiyo inokonzera kurumwa kusingatarisirwi, uko panzvimbo yepiranha duku, catfish inorema makirogiramu akawanda inogona kuruma.
Zviredzo
Chiredzo chikuru chekubata piranhas zviradzo zvechisikigo zvemhuka. Munyaya yekubata hove nemagetsi ekugadzira, kusarudzwa kunofanira kubva pamusimboti wesimba guru. Kana kuti, kubata hove kunogona kushanduka kuva "kutsiva kusingagumi" kwezviredzo. Kuti ubate mhuka dzisingadyi, vagari vomunharaunda vanowanzoshandisa michero yemiti, iyo hove inogona kunyanya kudyisa.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mhuri yepiranha ine vamiririri vanosvika makumi mana, uye zvichida kuchine marudzi asina kunyorwa. Nzvimbo yekugovera inobata nzvimbo huru dzenzizi dzinopisa nemadziva muSouth America: Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador nedzimwe nyika. Munzizi inonamatira kune nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, asi haiwanzogara mumvura inopisa. Mapoka emapoka anofamba achitevedza dura.
Kubereka
Maitiro ekubereka mapiranha akasiyana. Mhando dzakasiyana dzinobereka panguva dzakasiyana. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti piranhas inoratidzirwa nemitambo yakareba isati yatanga, apo vaviri vaviri vanoumbwa. Varume vanogadzira nzvimbo yekuberekera uye vanochengetedza zvine hukasha masonry. Piranha hadzi dzinobereka zvakanyanya: dzinokandira zviuru zvemazai. Iyo incubation nguva inoenderana nemamiriro ekushisa enzvimbo yedhivha.