Pazera ripi inguva yekuzivisa mwana wako kuna chiremba wemazino? Sei kunyangwe vana vane makore matatu vachiwora mazino? Nei uchibata mazino emukaka, nekuti iwo achadonha zvakadaro? Wday.ru yakabvunza mibvunzo inonyanya kufarirwa kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuna chiremba wepamusoro wemazino muRussia.
Menduru yegoridhe yemakwikwi "Pediatric Dentistry" yeRussia Dental Excellence Championship 2017, mukuru wedhipatimendi remazino revana reAGF Kinder
1. Mwana anofanirwa kuonekwa riini kwenguva yekutanga kuna chiremba wemazino?
Kushanya kwekutanga nemwana kunonyanya kuitwa pazera remwedzi mipfumbamwe kusvika pagore, apo mazino ekutanga anotanga kubuda. Chiremba anoongorora frenum yerurimi nemiromo, ongorora mazino ekutanga. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kucherechedza nekudzivirira kana kugadzirisa kuruma chirwere, kutadza kutaura, uye kusanzwisisika kwekunetseka munguva. Kupfuurirazve, zviri nani kushanyira chiremba wemazino wevana kuti vadzivirirwe kamwe chete pamakota.
2. Kudzidzisa sei mwana kukwesha mazino? Chii chakanyanya kukosha - bhurasho kana poda?
Nechitarisiko chezino rekutanga, unogona kutodzidzisa mwana wako hutsanana. Izvo zvakakodzera kuti utange neyakareruka silicone chigunwe bhurasho uye mvura yakabikwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma chinja kubrush mazino remwana nemvura. Kana pasina chinoratidza mushonga wemazino, unogona kukwesha mazino ako nemvura kusvika pagore nehafu. Mushure meizvozvo, chinja kune ekugadzira meno. Kusarudza pakati peta nebhurasho hakuna kunyatsoita. Kune rimwe zera, bhurasho rinonyanya kukosha, kune zvimwe zviitiko - peta. Semuenzaniso, kana mwana aine mukana wezino kuora, chiremba achapa mushonga we fluoride kana kurapa kwekusimbisa. Uye iyo European Academy yePediatric Dentistry inokurudzira kushandisa fluoride pastes kubva kuzino rekutanga.
3. Nei sirivheri yemeno evana ichiri kushandiswa? Vanoshanduka vatema, uku kusagadzikana, mwana ari kunetseka.
Silvering meno haisi nzira yekurapa mazino emukaka, asi chete kuchengetedza hutachiona (kumisa caries), sezvo sirivheri ine yakanaka antiseptic pfuma. Kufungidzirwa kwemazino kunoshanda kana maitiro acho asina kudzika, mukati meiyo enamel. Kana maitiro acho akawandisa uye achisanganisira zvimiro zvemeno senge dentin, kushanda kwenzira yesirivheri kunenge kwakaderera kwazvo. Iyo nzira yesirivheri inosarudzwa kana, nechimwe chikonzero, pasina mukana wekurapwa kwakazara.
4. Mwanasikana ane makore matatu ekuberekwa. Chiremba akataura kurapa mazino matatu panguva yekurara kwemushonga. Asi shure kwezvose, anesthesia ine ngozi kuhutano uye inopfupisa hupenyu, ine mhedzisiro! Kunyanya kumwana.
Chiremba anofunga kurapa mazino mu sedation (kutadza kuziva) kana pasi peanesthesia (yokutindivadza, kurara kwemishonga) kuvabereki vevarwere vadiki, nekuti, zvinosuwisa, pazera remakore 3-4, vanopfuura 50% yevana vatotambura kubva caries. Uye iko kusunganidzwa kwekutarisa muvacheche kudiki, iyo nguva inoshandiswa muchigaro ingangoita maminetsi makumi matatu. Vanosvika pakuneta, kuita misikanzwa nekuchema. Ino nguva haina kukwana kune yemhando yepamusoro basa riine hombe vhoriyamu rebasa. Pakutanga mumushonga, kwete zvakanyatso chengetedzwa mishonga yeanesthesia yakashandiswa chaizvo. Pakanga paine zvekare maitiro asingadiwe: kurutsa, kunzwa kufema kwekufema, kutemwa nemusoro, kupera simba kwenguva refu. Asi ikozvino kurapwa kunoitwa pasi pechizhinji cheanesthesia uchishandisa iyo sevoran drug (sevoflurane) pasi pekutarisirwa kwechikwata cheanesthesiologists uye chiremba wevana. Iyo ndiyo yakachengeteka inhalation anesthetic. Yakagadziriswa mubatanidzwa weAmerica uye yanga ichishandiswa zvinobudirira kweanopfuura makore gumi muUSA, Japan neWestern Europe. Sevoran anoita nekukurumidza (murwere anokotsira mushure mekufema kwekutanga), hazvikonzere kusagadzikana kwevamwe. Murwere anomuka zviri nyore maminetsi gumi nemashanu mushure mekudzima sevoran kupihwa, mushonga unokurumidza uye pasina mhedzisiro unobviswa kubva mumuviri, haukuvadze chero nhengo uye masisitimu. Zvakare, hapana zvinopesana zvekushandisa sevoran mune varwere vane hosha dzakakomba senge pfari, hura hwepfungwa, hurema hwemwoyo, chiropa uye itsvo kukuvara.
Vanopfuura makumi mashanu muzana evana vane makore 50-3 makore vatotambura nekuora kwemeno. Pakazosvika makore matanhatu, kuora kwemazino anodonha anoonekwa mu4% yevarwere vadiki
5. Chiremba akakurudzira kuti mwana wepachikoro apihwe fluoridation, chisimbiso chefissure, remineralization. Chii ichocho? Kwaingova kudzivirira kana kurapwa here? Nei kusunganidzwa kwekukanganisa kuchigona kungoitika nekukurumidza mushure mekuputika, uye kwete kwenguva refu yapfuura?
Mushure mekuputika, mazino ekupedzisira haasati aumbwa zvizere, enamel yavo haina kugadziriswa, uye kune njodzi huru yekutapukirwa. Mafisi makomba echisikigo mumeno. Kuisa chisimbiso kunobatsira kuvhara makomba kuitira kuti chikafu chisina kunyoro chisaunganidzamo, izvo zvinonetsa kubvisa panguva yehutsanana hwezuva nezuva. Caries yemazino echitanhatu ehusingaperi mu80% yematambudziko anoitika mugore rekutanga, saka, zvinonyanya kushanda kuisimbisa pakarepo mushure mekuputika. Remineralization kurapa ndiko kupfeka ne fluoride kana calcium mishonga. Maitiro ese anotarisirwa kusimbisa mazino uye kudzivirira caries.
6. Mwanasikana anotya chiremba wemazino (kamwe zvinorwadza kuisa kuzadza). Ungawana sei chiremba kuti akubatsire kukurira kutya kwako?
Zvinogona kutora nguva yakareba kuti mwana achinjane nekugadzwa kwachiremba wemazino. Enderera zvishoma nezvishoma, udza mwana wako kuti sei uchida kuenda kuna chiremba, kuti zvichafamba sei. Mukiriniki, hapana kana mwana anofanirwa kumanikidzwa kuita chero chinhu. Munguva yekushanya kwekutanga, murwere mudiki anogona kutogara pachigaro, asi anozosvika pakuziva chiremba, kutaura naye. Pashure penzendo dzinoverengeka, iwe unogona zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kushinha kwechigaro. Kana kutya kwacho kusingakundwe zvachose, nerunyararo rwepfungwa rwemwana nevabereki, zvinogona kuita zvine musoro kusarudza kurapwa pasi pechironda kana general anesthesia.
7. Nei kurapa caries pamazino evacheche? Iyo inobuda inodhura, asi ivo vachiri kudonha kunze.
Kusarapa mazino evacheche nekuda kwekuti anozodonha nzira isiriyo zvachose. Mwana anoda mazino evana ane hutano kuti atsvage chikafu zvakakwana uye adzidze kutaura nemazvo. Hongu, mazino emukaka epamberi anodonha nekukurumidza, asi boka rinotsenga remazino rimwe nerimwe rinogara kusvika makore gumi nemaviri. Uye aya mazino evacheche ari kusangana neasingaperi. Pakazosvika makore matanhatu, kuora kwemazino anodonha anoonekwa mu10% yevarwere vadiki. Panguva ino chete, mazino ekutanga ekutsenga asingagumi, "matanhatu", anotanga kubuda. Uye huwandu hunosimbisa kuti caries emazamu echitanhatu mazino mu12% emakesi anoitika mugore rekutanga. Kuora kwemeno chirwere chinowedzera uye chinokuvadza zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya mazino matukisi akaoma. Inosvika pakutsinga kwezino, pulpitis inoitika, mazino anotanga kurwadza. Kana hutachiona hukatonyanya kudzika, iko kwekupedzisira kwezino kunogona zvakare kuve nechekuita nekuzvimba, mushure meizvozvo inogona kubuda iine yakachinja enamel chimiro kana kutungamira kurufu rwechisimba.
8. Mumwanasikana (makore masere) mamohara anobuda akaminama. Chiremba wedu anoti kunyangwe ndiro chete dzichigona kuiswa, zvave kukurumidza kuisa brace. Uye shamwari yake yemakore gumi nembiri yatowana zvivharo. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemahwendefa nezvidhina? Nzira yekunzwisisa - mazino emwana anogara aripo akatwasuka kana inguva yekumhanya kugadzirisa kuruma?
Pakati pechikamu chinoshanda chekuputika kwemazino anogara (5,5 - 7 makore), zvese zvinoenderana nekuti pane nzvimbo yakakwana mushaya yemazino matsva. Kana zvakaringana, saka nyangwe dzakakombama meno asingagumi anobuda anomira zvakaenzana gare gare. Kana pasina nzvimbo yakakwana, saka haugone kuita pasina kugadzirisa iko kuvharwa nechero orthodontic kuvaka. Iyo ndiro ndiro chishandiso chinobviswa icho chinoitwa zvakasiyana. Mahwendefa anoshandiswa kana shanduko yakakwana yemazino emukaka isina kuitika, uye kuchine nzvimbo dzekukura mushaya. Pasi pesimba remahwendefa, kukura kweshaya kunosimudzirwa, uye kune nzvimbo yemazino anogara aripo. Uye zvidhina zvinoshandiswa nekushandurwa kwakakwana kwemukaka kuva mazino anogara aripo. Ichi chishandiso chisingabvisike icho chakasungirirwa michina yakakosha (mabhureki) kuzino uye, nerubatsiro rweari, inosunganidzwa muketani imwechete yakaita semabheji. Kana mazino akatanga kuchinja, zviri nani kuenda kunobvunzana neanachiremba wemazino uye kuongorora mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Kana ukakurumidza kutanga kugadzirisa iko kuvharika, izvi zvichava nyore uye nekukurumidza mhedzisiro yacho kuzadzikiswa.