Iyo tsinga jugular inowanikwa mumutsipa: imidziyo yeropa yakadzikira mu oxygen kubva kumusoro kusvika pamoyo. Iyo tsinga jugular ina ina muhuwandu, uye nekudaro inowanikwa mumativi ekupedzisira emutsipa. Kune iyo yekumberi jugular tsinga, yekunze jugular tsinga, yekumashure jugular tsinga uye yemukati jugular tsinga. Izwi iri rinoshandiswa naRabelais, mubhuku rake garantuan, muna 1534, pasi pekutaura kwa “venjugulares", Asi zvinobva muchiLatin"huroIzvo zvinoratidza "iyo nzvimbo iyo mutsipa unosangana nemapfudzi". Zvirwere zvejugular mutsinga hazviwanzo: asi chete akasarudzika zviitiko zvetrombosis zvakataurwa. Saizvozvo, kumanikidza kwekunze kunogara kuri kushoma. Muchiitiko chekuzvimba, kuomesa kana kurwadziwa kwakanzwika mumutsipa, kusiyanisa kuongororwa kwehutrombosis kunogona kuitwa, kana kupokana kwakarambwa, kuburikidza nekufungidzira kwekurapa kwakabatana nemiedzo yemarabhoritari. Muchiitiko che thrombosis, kurapwa ne heparin kuchatangwa.

Iyo tsinga jugular inowanikwa kune chero mativi ezvikamu zve lateral zvemutsipa. Etymologically, izwi iri rinobva pazwi rechiLatin huro zvinoreva kuti "huro", uye saka iri chaizvo "nzvimbo inosangana mutsipa nemapfudzi".

Tsinga yemukati jugular

Tsinga yemukati yejugular inotangira pazasi pehenya, isati yadzika kubhora. Ikoko, iyo inobva yajoinha subclavia vein uye nekudaro ichaita iyo brachiocephalic venous trunk. Iyi yemukati jugular tsinga inowanikwa zvakadzika mukati memutsipa, uye inogamuchira mizhinji mitsipa kumeso nemutsipa. Zvitadzo zvakati wandei, kana magezi ane huturu, eiyo dura, rakaoma uye rakaomarara membrane yakatenderedza uropi, inobatsira mukuumbwa kweiyi yemukati jugular tsinga.

Tsinga yekunze yejugular

Tsinga yekunze yejugular inotangira kuseri kweiyo shaya yepazasi, padyo nekona yemamandible. Inobva yabatana nechigadziko chemuhuro. Padanho iri, inozoyerera ichipinda mukati meiyo subclavia vein. Iyi yekunze jugular tsinga inova inozivikanwa mumutsipa kana huturu hwekumanikidza hunowedzera, sezvazviri nekukosora kana kumanikidza, kana panguva yekusungwa kwemoyo.

Anterior uye posterior jugular mutsinga

Aya itsinga diki kwazvo.

Pakupedzisira, iyo chaiyo yekunze jugular tsinga uye kurudyi yemukati jugular tsinga dzese dzinodonhera mukati kurudyi subclavia vein. Iyo yekuruboshwe yemukati jugular tsinga uye yekuruboshwe yekunze jugular tsinga zvese zvinopinda kuruboshwe subclavia vein. Zvino, iko kurudyi subclavia tsinga inobatana neiyo chaiyo brachiocephalic vein, apo iyo yekuruboshwe subclavian vein inobatana kuruboshwe brachiocephalic tsinga, uye kurudyi uye kuruboshwe brachiocephalic tsinga pakupedzisira dzese mbiri dzinouya pamwechete kuti dziumbe iyo yepamusoro vena cava. Iyi hombe uye ipfupi yepamusoro vena cava ndiyo inoitisa yakawanda yeropaxygenated ropa kubva muchikamu chemuviri pamusoro pechirafu kuenda kurudyi kwemoyo, inonziwo atrium chaiyo.

Iyo tsinga jugular ine basa rezvemuviri rekuunza iro ropa kubva kumusoro kuenda kuchipfuva: nekudaro, iro basa ravo kuunza iro ropa rinotyisa, rapera muoksijeni, kudzokera kumoyo.

Yemukati jugular tsinga

Kunyanya zvakanyanya, iyo yemukati jugular tsinga inounganidza ropa kubva muuropi, chikamu chechiso pamwe nenzvimbo yepamberi yemutsipa. Izvo hazviwanzo kukuvara mumutsipa kushungurudzika nekuda kwenzvimbo yaro yakadzika. Pakupedzisira, ine basa rekutsvaira huropi, asiwo meninges, mapfupa edehenya, mhasuru nematishu echiso pamwe nemutsipa.

Tsinga yekunze yejugular

Kana iri yekunze jugular, inogamuchira ropa rinoburitsa madziro edehenya, pamwe nezvikamu zvakadzika zvechiso, nenzvimbo dzekumashure nekuseri kwemutsipa. Basa rayo rinonyanya kunyatso kukweva ganda remusoro uye ganda remusoro nemutsipa, mhasuru dzeganda kumeso nemutsipa pamwe nemuromo wemuromo uye pharynx.

Zvirwere zvejugular mutsinga zvinowanzoitika zvisingawanzoitika. Nekudaro, njodzi ye thrombosis ishoma kwazvo uye kumanikidza kwekunze zvakare kwakanyanya. Thrombosis ndiko kuumbwa kwemamota mutsinga dzeropa. Muchokwadi, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuwanda kweanongoitika ega jugular venous thrombosis, sekureva kwesainzi Boedeker (2004), ndeinotevera:

• kukonzera kwakabatana nekenza (50% yematambudziko);
• para-inotapukira (30% yematambudziko);
• intravenous drug drug (10% yematambudziko);
• kubata (10% yematambudziko).

Kana chirwere chinotyisa chejugular chikafungidzirwa, zvichave zvakakosha:

• tanga heparinization yemurwere (manejimendi ye heparin iyo inobatsira kudzora kugwamba kweropa);
• shandisa mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Nekuzvimba, kuomesa, kana kurwadziwa mumutsipa, chiremba anofanirwa kufunga, kana achigadzira kusiyanisa kuongororwa, kuti inogona kunge iri venous thrombosis munzvimbo iyoyo yemuviri. Saka zvinodikanwa kuti uite zvakadzama kuferefeta. Uye saka, fungidziro yekiriniki yeacute jugular vein thrombosis inofanira kusimbiswa nekukurumidza zvikuru:

• nekufungidzira kwekurapa: MRI, scanner ine musiyano wechigadzirwa kana ultrasound;
• nemuyedzo yemarabhoritari: izvi zvinofanirwa kusanganisira maD-dimers asingaenzaniswi asi akanyatso kujeka maratidziro etrombosis, pamwe nezviratidzo zvekuzvimba zvakaita seCRP uye leukocytes. Pamusoro pezvo, tsika dzeropa dzinofanirwa kuitwa kuitira kuona hutachiona hunogona uye nekugona kuvabata zvakakwana nekukodzera.

Kuwedzera pakurapa kusingagumi, huturu hwakadai hwehutachiona hwejugular tsinga dzinoda kutsvagurudzwa kusinga tsanangurike kwemamiriro ezvinhu. Naizvozvo zvinodikanwa kuti uenderere mberi zvakanyanya mukutsvaga bundu rakaipa, iro rinogona kuve chikonzero cheparaneoplastic thrombosis (ndiko kuti inogadzirwa semhedzisiro yekenza).

Mukutanga kwemakumi maviri^e zana ramakore, akafema muguta reLyon mhepo isingafungidzirwe iyo yakabereka, ipapo yakasimba kufambira mberi, kuvhiya kwevascular. Mapiyona mana anemazita aJaboulay, Carrel, Villard naLeriche vakazozvikumikidza mune ino ndima, vachikurudzirwa nekufambira mberi… Maitiro avo ekuyedza aivimbisa, angangoita mabudiro akadai seanomira mumatsinga kana nyangwe nhengo dzemitezo. Chiremba anovhiya Mathieu Jaboulay (1860-1913) ainyanya kudyara mazano: iye saka akagadzira muLyon mavambo ekuvhiya kwevascular, panguva iyo pakanga pasati paedzwa. Akanyatsogadzira nzira yekupedzisira-kumagumo arterial anastomosis (kutaurirana kwakamisikidzwa nekuvhiya pakati pemidziyo miviri), yakaburitswa muna 1896.

Mathieu Jaboulay akange afanoonawo akawanda maficha ekushandisa arteriovenous anastomosis. Achifunga kutumira arterialized ropa kuuropi pasina carotid-jugular anastomosis, akaronga kuna Carrel naMorel kuti vaite chidzidzo chekuyedza, imbwa, kumagumo-kumagumo anastomosis yejugular uye yekutanga carotid. Mhedzisiro yeiyi kuyedza yakaburitswa muna 1902 mumagazini Lyon Chiremba. Hezvino zvakaziviswa naMathieu Jaboulay:Ndini uyo ndakakumbira Mr. Carrel kuti anastomose iyo carotid arteri uye jugular tsinga iri imbwa. Ini ndaida kuziva kuti chii chingape kuvhiya uku ndichiedza ndisati ndakuisa kuvanhu, nekuti ndaifunga kuti zvinogona kubatsira panguva yekushomeka kwemvura ine arterial netrombosis ichipfava, kana nekusungwa kwekuzvarwa.".

Carrel akawana mhedzisiro yakanaka kumbwa.Mavhiki matatu mushure mekuvhiyiwa, tsinga ine jugular yakanga ichirova pasi peganda uye ichishanda seyeri.Asi, kune rekodhi, Jaboulay haana kumboedza kuvhiya kwakadaro pavanhu.

Kupedzisa, isu tichazoisawo mupfungwa kuti madimikira akanaka dzimwe nguva akashandiswa nevamwe vanyori vakakomberedza jugular iyi. Hatisi kuzotadza kutaura, semuenzaniso, Barrès uyo, mune rake Notebook, kunyora: “Iyo Ruhr ndiyo jugular tsinga yeGerman"… Nhetembo nesainzi zvakabatana dzimwe nguva zvinogadzira nuggets dzakanaka.