Pagore muRussia, pamwe nedzimwe nyika dzenzvimbo yepashure peSoviet, inozivikanwa Zuva repastry chef.
Kusiyana neiyo nyanzvi dzese dzine chekuita nekubika dzinopemberera muna Gumiguru 20, nhasi izororo rehunyanzvi revanhu vanobatanidzwawo nekubika, asi "vakanyatsotarisisa".
Kusiyana nemubiki uye nyanzvi yekubika, ane basa rekudyisa munhu zvinonaka, mubiki wepastry ane rimwe basa rakasiyana. Anonyanya kugadzirira chikamu ichocho chezvokudya, izvo zvinosanganisira kusikwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehupfu uye ndiro dzakavakirwa pairi, mapeji, makirimu uye dhizeti, ndiko kuti, zvose zvatinoda kudya nekapu yeti nekofi. , mapai, makeke, makuki, masiwiti, - shamwari dzemabiko ese emutambo.
Kunyangwe kune vamwe, confectionery is a taboo. Izvi zvinoshanda, kutanga kune zvese, kune vanhu vanotevera imwe kudya uye mararamiro. Uye mumwe munhu haakwanise kurarama zuva asina keke. Uye zvakadaro, avo vasina hanya nemabasa eunyanzvi hwekugadzira ari mune vashoma.
Zvinotendwa kuti zuva rekupemberera Zuva reConfectioner rakabatana nechiitiko chakaitika muna 1932, apo All-Union Scientific Research Institute yeConfectionery Industry yakatangwa muU.S.SR. Basa resangano iri raisanganisira kuongororwa uye kuvandudzwa kwemidziyo yemaindasitiri, kuunzwa matekinoroji matsva mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemaconfectionery, uye kuongorora kunaka kwayo.
Confectionery mupfungwa inosanganiswa zvisingaite neshuga uye izwi rekuti "inotapira". Pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvenhoroondo zveizvi. Vanhu vanodzidza nhoroondo ye confectionery art vanopikisa kuti mavambo ayo anofanira kutsvakwa kare, apo vanhu vakadzidza zvivako uye vakaravira chokoreti (muAmerica), pamwe chete neshuga neuchi (muIndia neArab world). Kusvikira imwe nguva, masiwiti akauya kuEurope kubva kuEast.
Iyi "nguva" (apo hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvigadzirwa hwakatanga kusimukira zvakazvimirira muEurope) hwakadonha pakupera kwegumi neshanu - kutanga kwezana ramakore rechi15, uye Italy ikava nyika kubva kwakapararira bhizinesi rekoniferi kuenda kunyika dzeEurope. Zvinotendwa kuti iro izwi rekuti "pasita chef" rinobva mumitauro yeItaly neyechiLatin.
Nhasi, kudzidziswa mune basa remubiki anodyiwa kunoitwa mumasangano akakosha edzidzo. Nekudaro, kuve tenzi chaiye wehunyanzvi hwako harisi basa riri nyore rinoda ruzivo, ruzivo, fungidziro yekufungidzira, moyo murefu uye kuravira kwakanaka kubva kumunhu. Sezvazvakaita mune zvakawanda zvehunyanzvi zvine chekuita nebasa remaoko uye kugona, iro basa remubiki wepastry rine zvaro zvakavanzika, zvakavanzika, kuchinjirwa kune chero munhu kunoramba kuri kodzero yemuridzi. Hazvina tsaona kuti munhu mabasa evanogadzira zvinofananidzwa nemabasa ounyanzvi.
Kupemberera kwePastry Chef's Zuva rinowanzo kuperekedzwa nesangano revatenzi makirasi, makwikwi, tastings uye kuratidzira.