Tsanangudzo yekuora mwoyo

Kuora mwoyo chirwere chinoratidzwa kunyanya nekusuwa kukuru, kunzwa kusava netariro (kuora mwoyo), kurasikirwa kwechido uye masimba ekuita sarudzo, kuderera kwekunzwa kwemafaro, kusagadzikana kwekudya uye kurara, pfungwa dzakaipa uye kunzwa kwekunzwa. asina kukosha semunhu.

Muzvikamu zvekurapa, izwi rokuti kuora mwoyo kukuru rinowanzoshandiswa kureva chirwere ichi. Kuora mwoyo kunowanzoitika senguva dzekuora mwoyo dzinogona kugara kwemavhiki, mwedzi kana makore. Zvichienderana nekusimba kwezviratidzo, kuora mwoyo kunozorongwa sechinyoro, chepakati kana chikuru (chakanyanya). Muzviitiko zvakakomba zvikuru, kuora mwoyo kunogona kutungamirira kukuzviuraya.

Kushungurudzika kunokanganisa mafungiro, pfungwa uye maitiro, asiwo muviri. Kuora mwoyo kunogona kuratidzwa mumuviri nemarwadzo ekudzokera shure, mudumbu, kutemwa nemusoro; Inotsanangurawo kuti sei munhu ane dambudziko rekuora mwoyo angave ari panjodzi yekubatwa nedzihwa nezvimwe zvirwere nekuti masoja emuviri wake ane simba.

Kuora mwoyo kana kuora mwoyo?

Izwi rekuti "kuora mwoyo", richiri chirevo kwete kare kare, rinowanzoshandiswa zvisizvo mumutauro wemazuva ese kutsanangura nguva dzisingadzivisiki dzekusuwa, kufinhwa uye kushushikana izvo munhu wese anodaidzwa kuti azvione pane imwe nguva nenguva. kune mumwe pasina icho chiri chirwere.

Somuenzaniso, kunzwa kusuwa pashure pokufirwa kana kuti kunzwa usingabudiriri paunenge une zvinetso kubasa kunowanzoitika. Asi kana mafungiro aya achidzoka zuva rega rega pasina chikonzero chakati kana kuramba kwenguva yakareba kunyangwe paine chikonzero chinozivikanwa, kungava kuora mwoyo. Kuora mwoyo chaizvoizvo chirwere chisingaperi, chinosangana nemaitiro chaiwo ekuongorora.

Mukuwedzera kune kusuruvara, munhu akaora mwoyo anochengetedza mafungiro asina kunaka uye akaderera: "Ndiri akaipa chaizvo", "Handingambokwanisi kuzviita", "Ndinovenga zvandiri". Anonzwa asingabatsiri uye ane dambudziko rekuzviratidzira mune ramangwana. Haachafariri zvinhu zvaimbofarirwa kare.

Kuwanda

Kuora mwoyo ndechimwe chezvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvepfungwa. Zvinoenderana neongororo yakaitwa nevakuru vezvehutano muQuebec, vangangoita 8% yevanhu vane makore gumi nemaviri uye kupfuura vakashuma kuti vakawana nguva yekuora mwoyo mumwedzi gumi nemiviri yapfuura. Sekureva kweHealth Canada, vangangosvika 12% yevaCanada uye 12% yevakadzi vekuCanada vachatambura nekuora mwoyo kukuru muhupenyu hwavo. Uye 1% yevanhu veFrance vane makore 11 kusvika ku16 vakasangana nechiitiko chekuora mwoyo mukati memwedzi makumi masere neshanu yapfuura75.

Sekureva kweWorld Health Organisation (WHO), panosvika gore ra2020, kuora mwoyo kuchange kuri kwechipiri kukonzeresa hurema pasi rose, mushure mechirwere chemoyo2.

Kuora mwoyo kunogona kuitika pazera ripi neripi, kusanganisira pauduku, asi kunotanga kuoneka kakawanda mukupera kwekuyaruka kana kuti munhu mukuru.

Zvinokonzeresa kushungurudzika

Hazvina kujeka kuti chii chinokonzera kuora mwoyo, asi ingangove chirwere chakaoma chinosanganisira zvinhu zvakati wandei zvine chekuita nekugara nhaka, biology, zviitiko zvehupenyu, uye mamiriro nemaitiro. yehupenyu.

Genetic

Zvidzidzo zvenguva refu pamhuri pamwe chete nepamapatya (akaparadzana kana kuti asina pakuzvarwa) zvakaratidza kuti kuora mwoyo kune chimwe chikamu chemajini, kunyange zvazvo kusina kuzivikanwa. majini chaiwo anobatanidzwa muchirwere ichi. Nokudaro, nhoroondo yekuora mwoyo mumhuri inogona kuva chikonzero chengozi.

Biology

Kunyange zvazvo biology yehuropi yakaoma, vanhu vane depression vanoratidza kushomeka kana kusaenzana kwemamwe ma<em>neurotransmitters akadai se serotonin. Kusaenzana uku kunokanganisa kutaurirana pakati peeuroni. Zvimwe zvinetso, zvakadai sekukanganiswa kwehomoni (hypothyroidism, kutora mapiritsi ekudzivirira pamuviri somuenzaniso), zvinogonawo kukonzera kuora mwoyo.

Zvakatipoteredza uye mararamiro

Hunhu husina kunaka hwemararamiro (kusvuta, kudhakwa, kuita zvishoma muviri, kuwandisa kweterevhizheni88 kana mitambo yemavhidhiyo, zvichingodaro) nemamiriro ekurarama (mamiriro ehupfumi asina kusimba, kushushikana, kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe) zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakakura pamunhu. chimiro chepfungwa. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwekunetseka kubasa kunogona kutungamirira mukuneta uye pakupedzisira kuora mwoyo.

Zviitiko zvehupenyu

Kufirwa nemunhu waunoda, kurambana, kurwara, kurasikirwa nebasa kana kumwe kushungurudzwa kunogona kukonzera kushushikana mupfungwa muvanhu vanofarirwa nechirwere ichi. Saizvozvovo, kusabatwa zvakanaka kana kushungurudzika kunowanikwa muhuduku kunoita kuti kuora mwoyo kuve nyore kusvika pakukura, kunyanya nekuti kunokanganisa zvachose kushanda kwemamwe majini ane chekuita nekushushikana.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekuora mwoyo

Matambudziko ekuora mwoyo akaiswa mumapoka akati wandei: hosha huru yekuora mwoyo, dysthymic kusagadzikana uye isina kutaurwa yekuora mwoyo kusagadzikana.

Major depression disorder 

Inoratidzwa neimwe kana kupfuura Major Depressive Episodes (kuora mwoyo mafungiro kana kurasikirwa kwechido kweinenge mavhiki maviri ane chekuita nezvimwe zvina zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo).

Dysthymic disorder (dys = kusashanda uye thymia = mafungiro)

Inoratidzwa nekuora mwoyo kuripo nguva zhinji kweanenge makore maviri, kunobatanidza nezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo zvisingaenderane nezvinodiwa zveChikamu Chikuru Chokushungurudzika. Itsika yekuora mwoyo, pasina kuve nekuora mwoyo kukuru.

Nonspecific Depressive Disorder is depressive disorder iyo isingasviki maitiro ekuora mwoyo kukuru kana dysthymic disorder. Inogona kunge iri, semuenzaniso, gadziriso yekusagadzikana neakaora mwoyo manzwiro kana gadziriso yekuchinja ine zvese zviri zviviri funganyo uye kuora mwoyo.

Mamwe mazwi anoshandiswa padivi pechikamu ichi kubva kuDSM4 (Mental Disorders Classification Manual):

Anxious depression. Chinowedzera kuzviratidzo zvenguva dzose zvokuora mwoyo kunyanyotya uye kufunganya.

Bipolar disorder yaimbonzi manic depression. 

Ichi chirwere chepfungwa chinoratidzwa nenguva dzekuora mwoyo kukuru, ne manic kana hypomanic episodes (exaggerated euphoria, over-excitement, reverse form of depression).

Kuora mwoyo kwemwaka. 

Kuora mwoyo mamiriro ezvinhu anozviratidza pachawo cyclically, kazhinji mukati memwedzi mishoma yegore apo zuva rinenge rakaderera.

Kushushikana kwepashure pokusununguka

Mu60% kusvika ku80% yevakadzi, mamiriro ekusuruvara, kutya uye kuzvidya mwoyo kunozviratidza mumazuva ekuberekwa kwemwana. Tiri kutaura nezvemwana blues anogara pakati pezuva nemazuva gumi nemashanu. Kazhinji, mafungiro asina kunaka aya anogadzirisa ega. Zvisinei, mumukadzi mumwe chete pavasere, kuora mwoyo chaiko kunotanga nokukurumidza kana kuti kunooneka mukati megore rasununguka.

Kushungurudzika mushure mekufirwa. Mumavhiki anotevera kurasikirwa nomudiwa, zviratidzo zvokuora mwoyo zvinozivikanwa navose, uye rutivi rwomuitiro wokuchema. Zvisinei, kana zviratidzo izvi zvekuora mwoyo zvikaramba zviripo kweinopfuura mwedzi miviri, kana kuti zvakanyatsocherechedzwa, nyanzvi inofanira kubvunzurudzwa.

Matambudziko

Pane zvakawanda zvinogoneka zvinokonzeresa zvine chekuita nedepression:

• Kudzokororwa kwekuora mwoyo : Inowanzoitika sezvo inobata 50% yevanhu vakasangana nekuora mwoyo. Kutungamira kunoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi iyi yekudzokorora.
• Kuenderera mberi kwezviratidzo zvakasara: izvi zviitiko apo kuora mwoyo hakuna kupora zvachose uye apo kunyange mushure mekuora mwoyo kwechiitiko, zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo zvinoramba zviripo.
• Kuchinja kwekuora mwoyo kusingaperi.
• Ngozi yekuzviuraya: Kushungurudzika ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekuzviuraya: vanenge 70% yevanhu vanofa nekuzviuraya vakatambura nekuora mwoyo. Varume vakaora mwoyo vanopfuura makore 70 ndivo vari panjodzi huru yekuzviuraya. Chimwe chezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo ipfungwa dzekuzviuraya, dzimwe nguva dzinonzi "pfungwa dzakasviba". Kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vane pfungwa dzekuzviuraya vakasaedza, mureza mutsvuku. Vanhu vane depression vanofunga nezvekuzviuraya kuti vasiye kutambura kwavanoona kusingatsungiririki.

Matambudziko anoenderana nekuora mwoyo : Kushungurudzika kune hukama hwepanyama kana hwepfungwa nemamwe matambudziko ehutano:

• Kufunganya,
• Kupindwa muropa : Kudhakwa; kushungurudzwa kwezvinhu zvakadai se cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine; kuvimba nemimwe mishonga yakaita semapiritsi ekukotsirisa kana zvekunyaradza...
• Kuwedzera kwengozi yezvimwe zvirwere : chirwere chemwoyo uye chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kuora mwoyo kwakabatana nenjodzi huru yematambudziko emoyo kana sitiroko. Mukuwedzera, kutambura nekuora mwoyo kunogona kuwedzera zvishoma kutanga kwechirwere cheshuga muvanhu vagara vari pangozi.⁷⁰. Vatsvakurudzi vanopikisa kuti vanhu vane kuora mwoyo havakwanisiwo kuita maekisesaizi uye kudya zvakanaka. Mukuwedzera, mamwe mishonga inogona kuwedzera chido uye kukonzera uremu. Zvose izvi zvinokonzera njodzi yechirwere cheshuga chechipiri.