Mukati
Kuberekwa kwomwana mufaro mukuru kumhuri imwe neimwe, vabereki vanorota kuti mwana wavo anoberekwa ane utano. Kuberekwa kwomwana ane chirwere chipi nechipi chinova muedzo wakakomba. Down syndrome, iyo inoitika mune imwe muvana vane chiuru, inokonzerwa nekuvapo kwechromosome yakawedzerwa mumuviri, iyo inotungamirira kukuvhiringidzika mukukura kwepfungwa uye mumuviri wemwana. Vana ava vane zvirwere zvakawanda somatic.
Chirwere cheDown is a genetic anomaly, chirwere chekuberekwa kwechromosomal chinoitika semugumisiro wekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekromosomes. Vana vane chirwere mune ramangwana vanotambura nekusagadzikana kwemetabolism uye kufutisa, havana dexterous, vasina kusimba mumuviri, vane kukanganisa kurongeka kwekufamba. Chimiro chevana vane Down syndrome kunonoka kukura.
Zvinotendwa kuti chirwere chinoita kuti vana vose vataridzike, asi izvi hazvina kudaro, kune zvakawanda zvakafanana uye kusiyana pakati pevacheche. Vane humwe hunhu hwepanyama hwakajairwa nevanhu vese vane Down syndrome, asi ivo vane hunhu hwavakagarwa nhaka kubva kuvabereki vavo uye vanotaridzika sehanzvadzi nehanzvadzi dzavo. Muna 1959, purofesa weFrance Lejeune akatsanangura chakakonzera Down's syndrome, akaratidza kuti izvi zvakakonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini, kuvapo kwechromosome yakawedzerwa.
Kazhinji sero rimwe nerimwe rine machromosome 46, hafu yevana inogamuchira kubva kuna amai uye hafu kubva kuna baba. Munhu ane Down syndrome ane 47 chromosomes. Mhando nhatu huru dzechromosomal abnormalities dzinozivikanwa muDown syndrome, senge trisomy, zvichireva kupetwa katatu kwechromosome 21 uye iripo mune zvese. Inoitika semugumisiro wekuputsa kwemaitiro e meiosis. Iyo fomu yekuchinjisa inoratidzwa nekubatanidzwa kweruoko rwechromosome imwe 21 kune imwe chromosome; panguva yemeiosis, zvose zvinofamba musero rinoguma.
Iyo mosaic fomu inokonzerwa nekutyorwa kweiyo mitosis process mune imwe maseru pa blastula kana gastrula nhanho. Zvinoreva kupetwa katatu kwechromosome 21, iripo chete mune inotorwa sero iri. Kuongororwa kwekupedzisira mumatanho ekutanga ekuzvitakura kunoitwa mushure mekuwana mhedzisiro yekaryotype bvunzo inopa ruzivo nezve saizi, maumbirwo uye nhamba yemakromosome musero sampuli. Inoitwa kaviri pavhiki 11-14 uye pavhiki 17-19 yekuzvitakura. Saka iwe unogona kunyatsoona chikonzero chekuremara kwekuberekwa kana kukanganisa mumuviri wemwana asati aberekwa.
Down syndrome zviratidzo muvana vachangozvarwa
Kuongororwa kweDown syndrome kunogona kuitwa pakarepo mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana zvichienderana nehunhu hunoonekwa kunyangwe pasina genetic zvidzidzo. Vana vakadaro vanosiyaniswa nemusoro mudiki wakatenderera, chiso chakati chechetere, mutsipa mupfupi uye wakakora une krete kumashure kwemusoro, Mongoloid yakatsemuka mumaziso, kukora kwerurimi nefororo yakadzika yakareba, miromo yakakora; uye akatsetseka auricles ane adherent lobes. Mavara akawanda machena anocherechedzwa pairis yemaziso, kuwedzera kwekufamba kwemajoini uye isina simba muswe toni inoonekwa.
Makumbo nemaoko zvakapfupikiswa zvinooneka, zvigunwe zvidiki zviri pamaoko zvakakombama uye zvinopihwa migero miviri chete. Muchindwe une gomo rimwe rakachinjika. Pane kuremara kwechipfuva, strabismus, kunzwa kusina kunaka uye kuona kana kusavapo kwavo. Down syndrome inogona kuperekedzwa necongenital heart defects, leukemia, kusagadzikana kwegastrointestinal turakiti, pathology yekukura kwemutsipa wepelinha.
Kuti uwane mhedziso yekupedzisira, ongororo yakadzama yechromosome seti inoitwa. Maitiro emazuva ano akakosha anotendera iwe kuti ubudirire kugadzirisa mamiriro emucheche ane Down syndrome uye achinje kune yakajairika hupenyu. Zvikonzero zveDown syndrome hazvinyatsonzwisiswi, asi zvinozivikanwa kuti nezera, zvinova zvakaoma kuti mukadzi asununguke mwana ane hutano.
Chii chaunofanira kuita kana mwana ane Down Syndrome aberekwa?
Kana pasina chinogona kuchinjwa, chisarudzo chemukadzi kubereka mwana akadaro hachichinji uye kuonekwa kwemwana asina kujairika kunova chokwadi, saka nyanzvi dzinokurudzira vanaamai pakarepo mushure mokunge vaona mwana ane Down syndrome kuti vakunde kuora mwoyo uye kuita zvose zvakadaro. kuti mwana anogona kuzvishandira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kupindira kwekuvhiya kwakakosha kubvisa imwe pathology, izvi zvinoshanda kune mamiriro emukati.
Inofanira kuitwa pamwedzi mitanhatu negumi nemiviri, uye mune ramangwana, cheki yegore negore yekugona kushanda kwechirwere chetachiona. Mapurogiramu mazhinji akasiyana akakosha akagadzirwa kuti agadzirise vakomana ava kuhupenyu. Kubva mumavhiki ekutanga ehupenyu, panofanirwa kuve nekudyidzana kwepedyo pakati pevabereki nemwana, kukura kwehunyanzvi hwemotokari, maitiro ekuziva, uye kukura kwekutaurirana. Pakusvitsa makore 6, vana vanogona kupinda makirasi eboka kuti vagadzirire kukireshi.
Pazera remakore matatu, aona mwana ane Down syndrome mukireshi, vabereki vanomupa mukana wekugamuchira mamwe makirasi anokosha, kukurukura nevezera rake. Vazhinji vevana, hongu, vanodzidza muzvikoro zvehunyanzvi, asi zvikoro zvedzidzo dzimwe nguva zvinogamuchira vana vakadaro.