Nekuti zvinomiririra chete 2% yekuzvarwa, nhumbu dzevechidiki hadziwanzotaurwa nezvadzo. Icho chiri zvisinei chokwadi icho gore rega rega chine chekuita nemazana evasikana vadiki vanova vanaamai vachiri kuyaruka. Kwidziridzo panjodzi dzekupokana dzeidzi nhumbu.

Iko hakuna kududzirwa kwepamutemo kwe "nhumbu yekutanga". Kazhinji, isu tinoisa iyo inotora pazera rehuwandu, ndokuti makore gumi nemasere. Dzimwe nguva pa18.

Matambudziko ekuzvitakura uye kubereka ndicho chechipiri chinokonzera rufu pakati pevasikana vadiki vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nepfumbamwe pasi rose, inodaro WHO (15). Pasi rese, vasikana makumi matatu nevapfumbamwe vanofa zuva rega rega nekuda kwekuzvitakura kwepakutanga (19), asi nekusiyana kwakasimba kumatunhu zvichienderana nenhanho yebudiriro yenyika. Ichi chiitiko chinowedzera kuwedzerwa munyika dzichiri kusimukira, apo musikana mumwe muvatatu ane nhumbu asati asvitsa makore gumi nemasere. Kushaikwa kweruzivo uye dzidzo yepabonde, kuroodzwa kwekumanikidzwa, kushungurudzwa pabonde, kushaya mukana wekudzivirira kubata pamuviri, kurambidzwa kwekubvisa nhumbu kunotsanangura izvi zvakakwirira.

MuFrance, mamiriro acho zviri pachena kuti haana kufanana nekuda kwekuwana dziviriro uye mamiriro ezvetsika nemagariro. Nekudaro, sekureva kwenhamba dzeINSEE (3), kubereka kwevakadzi vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemana kunopfuurira kudzikira nekukwirisa kwevana 15 pavakadzi 24 muzana muna 2,7 (vachipesana nemakore 100 mumakore makumi maviri neshanu kusvika makumi maviri nepfumbamwe nevana gumi nemakumi matatu nepfumbamwe. -2016 Makore ekuberekwa). Muna 11,5:

• 0,1% yevana vokutanga vaive naamai vane makore gumi nemashanu;
• 0,2% amai vane makore gumi nematanhatu;
• 0,5% amai vane makore 17;
• 0,9% yemakore gumi nemasere;
• 1,7% yemakore gumi nemasere;
• 2,5% yemakore makumi maviri (20).

Kubata pamuviri kwevachiri kuyaruka kunoonekwa kunge kuri panjodzi yekuzvitakura kwete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemukati nekuda kwehujaya hwemuviri, asi nezve mamiriro ezvehupfumi nehupfumi umo vasikana vadiki ava vanochinja uye nehunhu hwakawanda hwehunhu mune iri zera. Zvakare, nekuti ivo vanofuratira kubata kwavo nhumbu (vachiziva kana kuti kwete), vozviona zvichinonoka kana vachishuvira kuzvivanza, kuongorora kwepamuviri kazhinji hakukwane kana kunonoka. Vanamai vechidiki venguva yemberi havabatsirike kubva kune ese ekuraira uye ekuongorora bvunzo dzakapihwa mune yekutarisa nhumbu.

Mumushumo wayo pamusoro pekuzvitakura nekuzvara mukuyaruka, French National College yeGynecologists uye Obstetricians (5) inoratidza, zvisinei, kuti hapana kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwematambudziko epamberi peeclampsia akaonekwa. (2,7%) kana kuburitsa ropa (5,4 %) mune iri zera boka.

Kushaikwa kwekuchengetwa kwepamuviri, hunhu hune njodzi uye mamiriro epfungwa nemagariro evanamai vachiri kuyaruka vanoisa mwana zvakanyanya kune dzimwe njodzi. Iwo maviri akakura matambudziko ari epasi kuberekwa huremu uye prematurity. Chidzidzo chakaitwa pakati pa1996 na2003 kuchipatara cheJean Verdier (93), chakatevera kuve nepamuviri pevasikana vechidiki makumi maviri nevaviri vane makore gumi nemaviri kusvika pamakore gumi nemasere, zvakaratidza huwandu hwekutanga hwe328%. "Matambudziko makuru maviri akabatana zvakananga nekunonoka kwekutevera uye ne" exfoliation "maitiro ehutano hwepamuviri hwakabatana nekushayikwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwepanyama kana kwekudya, kuenderera, kana kunyange kuwedzera kwehunhu hwekupindwa muropa. », Inoratidza iyo CNGOF (12).

Njodzi yeIUGR (intrauterine kukura kunonoka) zvakare yakakwira mukutanga kwepamuviri, iine kuwanda kwe13%, yakakwira kupfuura iyo yehuwandu hwevanhu. Zvinoenderana neongororo yeAmerica (7), vacheche vevanaamai vari pasi pemakore makumi maviri vane zvakare njodzi yekukanganisa nguva gumi neshanu kupfuura zvinoonekwa pakati pevakadzi vari panjodzi yakaderera, pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu. Kamwe zvakare, kuratidzwa kwe "fetus" kune zvine chepfu zvinhu (doro, zvinodhaka, fodya) ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera mhosva.

Kuzvara pachako, kune rumwe rutivi, kunoonekwa sekuchengetedzeka pachimiro chekuti nhumbu inozivikanwa kuitira kuti rimwe basa rekurera rigone kuitwa mwana asati asvika, inoratidza iyo CNGOF (9).