Endocrine vanovhiringidza: vari kuvanda kupi?

Endocrine vanovhiringidza: vari kuvanda kupi?

Endocrine disruptor: chii ichocho?

Endocrine disruptors inosanganisira mhuri yakakura yemakomponi, echisikigo kana ekugadzira mabviro, anokwanisa kudyidzana nehomoni system. Kuzviganhurira, tsananguro yeWorld Health Organization ya2002 inobvumirana: “Chinhu chinogona kuvhiringa endocrine chinhu chinobva kunze kana musanganiswa, chine zvinhu zvinokwanisa kukonzera kukanganiswa kwegadziriro ye<em>endocrine muchinhu chinenge chiripo, muvana vayo. kana mukati mevanhu vashoma. “

The human hormone system inoumbwa ne endocrine glands: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, ovaries, testes, etc. Iyo yekupedzisira secrete hormone, "kemikari messenger" iyo inodzora mabasa akawanda ehupenyu hwehupenyu: metabolism, mabasa ekubereka, hurongwa hwemagetsi, nezvimwewo. Saka zvinokanganisa endocrine zvinokanganisa endocrine glands uye zvinokanganisa mahormone.

Kana tsvagiridzo ikaratidza kuwanda uye kwakawedzera kushatisa kweakawanda endocrine kukanganisa komisheni pahutano uye pane zvakatipoteredza, vashoma vavo vakaratidza zviri pamutemo kuva "endocrine diruptors" kusvika parizvino. Zvisinei, vakawanda vanofungidzirwa kuti vane rudzi urwu rwekuita.

Uye nechikonzero chakanaka, kuchetura kwekomboni nekukanganiswa kweiyo endocrine system kunoenderana neakasiyana paramita:

  • Exposure doses: yakasimba, isina simba, isingaperi;

  • Transgenerational effects: njodzi yehutano inogona kunge isingangoiti chete munhu akafumurwa, asiwo vana vavo;

  • Cocktail mhedzisiro: huwandu hwemakomponi akati wandei pamadhora akaderera - dzimwe nguva pasina njodzi kana ari ega - anogona kukonzera mhedzisiro yakaipa.

    • Maitiro echiito chevanokanganisa endocrine

    Ese maitiro ekuita kwevanokanganisa endocrine ichiri nyaya yekutsvagisa kwakawanda. Asi nzira dzinozivikanwa dzekuita, dzinosiyana zvichienderana nezvigadzirwa zvinotariswa, zvinosanganisira:

    • Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kwemahomoni echisikigo - estrogen, testosterone - nekuvhiringidza maitiro avo ekugadzirisa, kutakura, kana kubuda;

  • Inotevedzera kuita kwemahomoni echisikigo nekuatsiva mumagadzirirwo ehupenyu avanotonga. Iyi ndiyo agonist effect: iyi ndiyo nyaya yeBisphenol A;

  • Kuvhara kuita kwemahomoni echisikigo nekuzvisungirira kune mareceptor ayo avanowanzo kudyidzana nawo uye nekutadzisa kutapurirana kwechiratidzo chehomoni - an antagonistic effect.

    • Nzvimbo dzekuratidzwa kune endocrine zvinokanganisa

    Kune akawanda masosi ekuratidzwa kune endocrine zvinokanganisa.

    Makemikari uye maindasitiri ne-zvigadzirwa

    Yekutanga, yakafaranuka sosi ine chekuita nemakemikari uye maindasitiri ne-zvigadzirwa. Zvinopfuura zviuru zvezvigadzirwa, zvemakemikari akasiyana-siyana, zvakanyorwa. Pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvi:

    • Bisphenol A (BPA), inomwiwa nekuti iripo mune zvekudya uye zvisiri zvekudya mapurasitiki: emitambo mabhodhoro, mazino composites uye mazino sealants, midziyo yemidziyo yemvura, matoyi evana, maCD uye maDVD, ophthalmic lenses, zviridzwa zvekurapa, midziyo, midziyo yepurasitiki. , magaba nemagaba ealuminium. Muna 2018, European Commission yakaisa iyo chaiyo yekutama muganho weBPA pa0,6 milligrams pakirogiramu yechikafu. Kushandiswa kwayo kunorambidzwawo mumabhodhoro emwana;

  • Phthalates, boka remakemikari emumaindasitiri anoshandiswa kugadzira mapurasitiki akaoma sepolyvinyl chloride (PVC) anogadzika kana kuchinjika: maketeni ekugeza, mamwe matoyi, vinyl yekuvharisa, mabhegi ematehwe emanyepo uye zvipfeko, biomedicals, magadzirirwo ezvigadzirwa, kutarisirwa uye zvigadzirwa zvekuzora uye mapefiyumu. MuFrance, kushandiswa kwavo kwakarambidzwa kubvira May 3, 2011;

  • Dioxins: nyama, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, hove uye hove;

  • Furans, molecule diki inoumbwa panguva yekudziya kwechikafu, senge kubika kana kuchenesa: magaba esimbi, zvirongo zvegirazi, chikafu chakazara-vacuum, kofi yakagochwa, zvirongo zvevana…;

  • Polycyclic inonhuwira hydrocarbons (PAHs), inokonzerwa nekupisa kusina kukwana kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakadai semafuta, huni, fodya: mhepo, mvura, zvokudya;

  • Parabens, mapreservatives anoshandiswa mune zvakawanda zvigadzirwa: zvinodhaka, zvizoro, zvigadzirwa zvehutsanana uye indasitiri yezvekudya;

  • Organochlorines (DDT, chlordecone, etc.) inoshandiswa mumiti yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa: fungicides, pesticides, herbicides, nezvimwewo;

  • Butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) uye butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), zvinowedzera zvekudya zvinopesana neoxidation: makirimu, lotions, moisturizers, miromo nematanda, mapenzura uye mimvuri yemaziso, kurongedza chikafu, zviyo, chewing gum, nyama, margarine, soups nezvimwe zvikafu zvisina mvura ...

  • Alkylphenols: pendi, zvekugezesa, mishonga yezvipembenene, pombi dzePVC dzepombi dzemvura, zvigadzirwa zvinopenda bvudzi, mafuta ekugera mushure mekugera, zvinopukuta zvinoraswa, mafuta ekuveura ndebvu, mishonga inouraya urume…;

  • Cadmium, carcinogen inobatanidzwa mukenza yemapapu: mapurasitiki, ceramics uye magirazi emavara, nickel-cadmium masero nemabhatiri, mafotokopi, PVC, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, fodya, mvura yekunwa uye zvikamu zvemagetsi emagetsi; asiwo mune zvimwe zvekudya: soya, gungwa, nzungu, mhodzi dzesunflower, zvimwe zviyo nemukaka wemombe.

  • Brominated flame retardants nemercury: mamwe machira, fenicha, matiresi, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, mota, mathermometer, magirobhu emwenje, mabhatiri, mamwe makirimu ekuvhenekesa ganda, mafuta anouraya utachiona, madonhwe emaziso, nezvimwewo;

  • Triclosan, a synthetic multi-application antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-tartar uye preservative, iripo mune zvakawanda zvigadzirwa senge: sipo, mushonga wemazino, rubatsiro rwekutanga uye mabune zvigadzirwa, zvizorwa, kugera mafuta, moisturizing lotions, zvinobvisa makeup, deodorant, shawa. maketeni, masiponji ekicheni, matoyi, zvipfeko zvemitambo uye mamwe marudzi emapurasitiki;

  • Kutungamira: mabhatiri emotokari, mapaipi, tambo sheaths, midziyo yemagetsi, pendi pane mamwe matoyi, pigment, PVC, zvishongo uye magirazi ekristaro;

  • Tin nezvinobuda mairi, inoshandiswa muzvinonyungudutsa;

  • Teflon uye mamwe macommunited perfluorinated (PFCs): mamwe makirimu emuviri, marapirwo emakapeti nemachira, kurongedza chikafu uye cookware, mitambo nemidziyo yekurapa, zvipfeko zvisingapinde mvura, nezvimwewo;

  • Uye zvizhinji zvakare

    • Mahomoni echisikigo kana ekugadzira

    Chechipiri chikuru chekuvhiringidza kwe endocrine mahomoni echisikigo - estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, nezvimwewo - kana synthesis. Kudzivirira kubata pamuviri, kutsiva mahomoni, kurapwa kwehomoni… Zvigadzirwa zvechigadzirwa zvinotevedzera mhedzisiro yemahomoni echisikigo zvinowanzo shandiswa mukurapa. Nekudaro, mahormone aya anojoinha nharaunda yakasikwa kuburikidza nemarara evanhu kana mhuka.

    MuFrance, National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) yakatanga kuburitsa panosvika 2021 rondedzero yevose vanovhiringidza endocrine…

    Mhedzisiro uye njodzi dzekuvhiringidza endocrine

    Migumisiro inogona kuitika kumuviri, yakananga kune yega yega endocrine disruptor, yakawanda:

    • Kukanganisa kwemabasa ekubereka;

  • Kusaumbwa kwenhengo dzekubereka;

  • Kuvhiringidza kwehutano hwetroroid, hurongwa hwehutano hwemitsipa uye kukura kwekuziva;

  • Shanduko muhuwandu hwepabonde;

  • Diabetes;

  • Kufutisa uye zvirwere zvomudumbu;

  • Hormone-dependent cancers: kukura kwemamota mumatishu anoburitsa kana kunanga mahormone - thyroid, zamu, testes, prostate, chibereko, nezvimwewo;

  • Uye zvizhinji zvakare

    • Chiratidziro in utero inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakakomba yehupenyu hwose:

    • Pachimiro chehuropi uye kugona kwekuziva;

  • Pakutanga kwekuyaruka;

  • Pamusoro pekugadzirisa uremu;

  • Uye pamabasa ekubereka.

    • Endocrine disruptors uye Covid-19

    Mushure mekutanga ongororo yeDanish inoratidzira basa remunhu akanyungudika mukuomarara kweCovid-19, chechipiri chinosimbisa kubatanidzwa kwevanovhiringidza endocrine mukuoma kwedenda. Rakadhindwa muna Gumiguru 2020 neboka reInserm uye rinotungamirwa naKarine Audouze, rinoburitsa pachena kuti kufumurwa kumakemikari anovhiringa endocrine system kunogona kukanganisa zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhaibheri mumuviri wemunhu zvichiita basa rakakosha mukuoma kwechirwere. Covid19.

    Endocrine disruptors: sei kuvadzivirira?

    Kana zvichiita sekunge zvakaoma kutiza endocrine zvinokanganisa, mashoma maitiro akanaka anogona kubatsira kudzivirira kubva kwavari kunyangwe zvishoma:

    • Favour mapurasitiki anoonekwa seakachengeteka: High Density Polyethylene Kana High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene Kana Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PP);

  • Kurambidza mapurasitiki ane endocrine disruptors ane ngozi yakaratidzwa: Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC);

  • Dzivisa mapurasitiki ane pictograms: 3 PVC, 6 PS uye 7 PC nekuda kwekuwedzera kwavo kukuvadza pasi pekuita kwekupisa;

  • Ban Teflon pani uye kufarira simbi isina tsvina;

  • Shandisa girazi kana midziyo yekeramic yevheni yewa microwave uye yekuchengetedza;

  • Geza michero nemiriwo kuti ubvise mishonga yezvipembenene yakawanda sezvinobvira uye ufarire zvigadzirwa kubva mukurima organic;

  • Dzivisa zvinowedzera E214-219 (parabens) uye E320 (BHA);

  • Verenga nokungwarira mavara ehutsanana uye zvigadzirwa zverunako, farira ma organic labels uye rambidza izvo zvine macompounds anotevera: Butylparaben, propylparaben, sodium butylparaben, sodium propylparaben, potassium butylparaben, potassium propylparaben, BHA, BHT, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane. Benzophenone-1, benzophenone-3, Triclosan, nezvimwewo;

  • Bvisa mishonga yezvipembenene (fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, nezvimwewo);

  • Uye zvizhinji zvakare

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