Flickering ndove betle (Coprinellus micaceus) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Chipembenene chinopfakanyika (Coprinellus micaceus)

• Agaricus micaceus nzombe
• Agaricus akaungana Sowerby pfungwa

Zita razvino: Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson, Mutero 50 (1): 234 (2001)

Dung betle ihowa inozivikanwa uye yakanaka, yakapararira kumakondinendi ese. Inokura mumapoka pahuni dziri kuora, kunyange zvazvo huni hunogona kuvigwa, zvichiita kuti fungus riite seriri kukura kubva pasi. Flickering inogona kusiyaniswa kubva kune dzimwe nyuchi dzendove nediki, mica-like granules inoshongedza zvivharo zvehowa hudiki (kunyangwe mvura ichiwanzogeza magranules aya). Rudzi rwechivharo runoshanduka nezera kana mamiriro ekunze, asi kazhinji huchi-brown kana amber mumvuri, pasina grey.

Zvese hazvisi nyore neFlickering Dung beetle, zvakangofanana neiyo Domestic Dung Bean uye "mapatya" ayo, iyo Radiant Dung Bean (Coprinellus radians). The Twinkling Dung beetle inewo mapatya ... vamwe veNorth American geneticists ikoko vanotenda. Shanduro yemahara kubva kuKuo:

Tsanangudzo yemaitiro macroscopic pazasi inoenderana nemhando dzinoverengeka dzepamutemo, ese anowanzo kunzi "Coprinus micaceus" mumadhairekitori emunda. Zviri pamutemo, Coprinellus micaceus inofanira kuva ne calocystidia (uye nokudaro hunde ine mvere dzakatsetseka) uye mitriform (yabhishopu yakaita seheti) spores. Kusiyana neizvi, Coprinellus truncorum ine hunde yakatsetseka (saka isina calocystidia) uye yakawanda elliptical spores. Preliminary DNA results by Ko et al. (2001) inoratidza mukana wekuti Coprinellus micaceus uye Coprinellus truncorum vane genetically zvakafanana-kunyange izvi zvinongove pachena muna Keirle et al. (2004), anoratidza kuti mienzaniso miviri ye "Coprinellus micaceus" iyo yakaedzwa naKo et al. vakatanga kuzivikanwa seCoprinellus truncorum.

Asi nepo ichi chingori chidzidzo, marudzi aya haasati afananidzwa zviri pamutemo (kubva muna Gumiguru 2021).

Musoro: 2-5 cm, ovhari kana mudiki, ichiwedzera kusvika kune yakafara domed kana bhero, dzimwe nguva ine wavy uye/kana ragged mupendero. Rudzi rwekepisi ibhurawu rehuchi, buff, amber kana dzimwe nguva kureruka, kupera uye kupenya nezera, kunyanya kumucheto. Mucheto wechivharo une corrugated kana ribbed, inenge hafu yeradius kana zvishoma zvishoma.

Iyo ngowani yakazara yakafukidzwa nezvikero-zvidiki-granules, zvakafanana nezvidimbu zvemica kana pearl chips, iwo machena uye anopenya muchiedza chezuva. Vanogona kushambidzwa zvachose kana kuti zvishoma nemvura kana dova, saka, muhowa hwakakura, ngowani inowanzova "yakashama".

mahwendefa: yakasununguka kana isina kusimba kuomerera, kazhinji, yakamanikana, yakareruka, chena muhowa hudiki, gare gare grey, brownish, brown, wobva wachinja dema uye kusviba, kushanduka kuita dema "inki", asi kazhinji kwete zvachose, asi inenge hafu yehurefu hwekapu. . Mumamiriro okunze akaoma zvikuru uye anopisa, zvivharo zve shimmering dung beetle zvinogona kuoma pasina nguva yekunyunguduka mu "inki".

gumbo: 2-8 cm kureba uye 3-6 mm mukobvu. Pakati, kunyange, yakatsetseka kusvika kune mvere dzakanyatsonaka. Ichena mukati, fibrous, mhango.

Pulp: kubva kuchena kusvika kune chena, yakaonda, yakapfava, ine brittle, fibrous muhunde.

Kunhuwa uye kuravira: Pasina maitiro.

Kuita kwemakemikari: Amoniya inosvibisa nyama yechipembenene chinopenya muruvara rwepepuru kana kuti rupingi.

Spore poda imprint: nhema.

Microscopic maitiro:

Kunetsana 7-11 x 4-7 µm, subelliptical kune mitriform (yakafanana nehomwe yemufundisi), yakatsetseka, inoyerera, ine pore yepakati.

Bazidi 4-spored, yakakomberedzwa ne 3-6 brachybasidia.

Saprophyte, miviri yezvibereko inoumbwa mumapoka, dzimwe nguva yakakura kwazvo, pamatanda anoora. Cherechedza: Huni dzinogona kuvigwa muvhu, toti midzi yakafa, zvichiita kuti howa huoneke pamusoro pevhu.

Matsutso, zhizha uye matsutso, kusvikira chando. Yakanyanya kuwanikwa mumaguta, mapindu, mapaki, mayadhi nemigwagwa, asi zvakare inowanikwa mumasango. Yakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya kumakondinendi ese kune masango kana makwenzi. Mushure mekunaya, makoroni makuru "anopfura", anogona kutora nzvimbo inosvika akati wandei mativi mita.

Chipembenene chinopenya, sezvipembenene zvendove, chinodyiwa chichiri mudiki, kusvika ndiro dzaita dema. Makapu chete ndiwo anodyiwa, sezvo makumbo, zvisinei nekuti iwo akaonda kwazvo, anogona kutsengwa zvakaipa nekuda kweiyo fibrous chimiro.

Pre-boiling inokurudzirwa, anenge maminitsi mashanu ekuvira.

Howa hunofanira kubikwa nekukasika mushure mekukohwewa, sezvo howa huchizoitwa kuti huchakohwewa kana kuramba huchikura.

Kune zvipembenene zvakawanda zvehuchi-brown toni, uye ese akafanana zvakanyanya. Kuti uone nema macro-maficha, zvakakosha kutarisa, kutanga kune zvese, pakuvapo kana kusavapo kwebrownish shaggy fibers pane substrate inokura howa. Iyi ndiyo inonzi "ozonium". Kana zvirizvo, tine nyuchi yendove yemumba, kana mhuka iri padyo neBete reNyove. Rondedzero yemhando dzakafanana ichawedzerwa uye inovandudzwa muchinyorwa "Domestic ndove betle".

Chipembenene (Coprinellus domesticus)

Uye mhando dzakafanana nayo dzinosiyana kubva kune "dzakafanana neFlickering" nekuvapo kwe ozonium - yakaonda yakatsvuka yakapfava muchimiro cheyakabatanidzwa hyphae, iyi "carpet" inogona kutora nzvimbo yakakura.

Kana pasina ozonium, saka isu tingangove tine imwe yezvipenyu zviri padyo neiyo flickering dung beetle, uye ipapo iwe unofanirwa kutarisa hukuru hwehowa uye ruvara rwegranules iyo ngowani "yakasaswa". Asi ichi chiratidzo chisina kuvimbika.

Shuga dung betle (Coprinellus saccharinus)

Ngowani yakafukidzwa nezvikero zvakachenesesa, kwete kupenya, zvinyoro. Microscopically, misiyano yehukuru uye chimiro chespores yakawanda ellipsoidal kana ovoid, isinganyanyi kutaurwa miter pane muFlickering.

Willow dung beetle (Coprinellus truncorum)

Iyo yakasiyana mune imwe ngowani yakapetwa, pamusoro payo, kunze kwe "mbabvu" yakajairika yezvipembenene zvendove, kunewo "mapeji" makuru. Iyo yekupfekedza pamusoro pekapu ichena, yakatsetseka, kwete kupenya

Tsvinyu yemusango (Coprinellus silvaticus)

Spores ane ovoid uye almond-shaped. Iyo yekupfekedza paheti iri mune ngura brownish toni, zvimedu zvidiki uye zvinogara kwenguva pfupi.

Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kana ozonium isina kunyatsoratidzwa, howa hausi hudiki, uye kupfeka ("granules") paheti kwasviba kana kushambidzwa nemvura, saka kuzivikanwa nemacro-zvinhu hazvigoneke, nekuti zvese. zvimwewo saizi yemitumbi inobereka, ecology, fruiting mass uye ruvara. zvivharo - zviratidzo zvinenge zvisingavimbiki uye zvinopindirana zvakasimba mumarudzi aya.

Vhidhiyo nezve mushroom Dung beetle inobhururuka:

Mufananidzo: kubva kumibvunzo iri mu "Qualifier".