Glaucoma

General tsananguro yechirwere

Ichi chirwere chisingaperi chemaziso chinogona kukura chero pazera, asi chinonyanya kuitika pakati pevakuru. Congenital glaucoma inowanikwa mu1 kubva pamakumi maviri ezviuru vacheche, nezera ramakore makumi mana nemashanu, chiitiko cheglaucoma chinenge 20%, pakati pevanhu vane makore makumi mashanu-45 vane huwandu uhu hunosvika 0,1%, uye muboka rezera. 50+ inopfuura 60%.

Zvinosuruvarisa, glaucoma isingarapike, mafomu ayo akaomarara anotungamira kuhupofu husingachinjiki, izvo zvinopa chirwere chimiro chemagariro.

Mhando dzeglaucoma

Glaucoma inosarudzwa nezera:

  • kuberekwa glaucoma vacheche vanotambura. Sezvo mutemo, chirwere chiri pasi pekuongororwa kwekutanga, pakarepo mushure mekuberekwa inowanikwa mu60% yevarwere. Congenital glaucoma inogona kuzviratidza mumwedzi yekutanga yehucheche, uye muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika gare gare, mushure memakore akati wandei;
  • vechidiki glaucoma akaonekwa muvana vane makore matatu kusvika pamakore makumi matatu nemashanu;
  • primary glaucoma muvanhu vakuru zvakajairika. Iyo inosanganiswa neshanduko-inoenderana nezera munhengo dzekuona. Mafomu ayo ari pasi pechirongwa chekurapa, pane izvo marapirwo echirongwa anoenderana. Primary glaucoma inogona kuzviratidza mune yakavhurika-kona, yakavharwa-kona, yakavhenganiswa mafomu uye glaucoma, mune iyo intraocular kumanikidza inoramba iri mukati meyakajairwa miganhu;
  • yechipiri glaucoma muvakuru inokura semhedzisiro yezvirwere zve ophthalmic.

Zvinokonzera glaucoma

Zvinokonzera kuberekwa glaucoma zvinogona kuve zvakasiyana zvinhu, sekuberekwa kwemageneti, pamwe neembryonic uye kushungurudzika kwekuberekwa. Kana amai vakatambura hutachiona hwakadai sehumumhu, njovhera, rubella, poriyo panguva yepamuviri, izvi zvinogona kumutsa glaucoma mumwana achangoberekwa. Kunwa doro zvakawandisa, muchetura, kushomeka kwevhitamini, kusvibiswa nemwaranzi, uye kushungurudzika kwemudumbu mudumbu kunogonawo kuve njodzi.

Muvanhu vakuru, chikonzero chikuru chekuvandudza glaucoma kuwedzerwa kumanikidzwa kwemaziso, izvo zvinotungamira mukutyorwa kweropa kumeso uye deformation yeiyo optic nerve. Uye zvakare, chirwere chinodzvinyirira kukwirisa kweropa, chirwere cheshuga mellitus, osteochondrosis yemuzongoza, zvirwere zvemuviri, zvakakomba myopia uye nhaka.[3].

Iyo tsika kune yakavharwa-angle fomu inowanzo kuratidzwa mune yakanaka bonde. Mune ino kesi, maatomical maficha enhengo dzekuona akakosha zvakanyanya: idiki kukura kweziso uye hombe lens.

Sekondari glaucoma inogona kutsamwiswa nekushandisa kwenguva refu kwemahormone madhiragi, anoratidzwa bronchial asthma uye autoimmune hosha.

Zvinhu zvine njodzi pakugadzira glaucoma

Kazhinji, glaucoma inoongororwa pamberi pezvinotevera zvakaipa zvinhu:

  1. kukwegura (mushure memakore 70);
  2. kuona kure;
  3. nguva nenguva kuwedzera IOP;
  4. yakaderera BP;
  5. chirwere cheshuga;
  6. kusagadzikana kwehomoni uye nervous systems;
  7. zvirwere zvehutano hwemwoyo;
  8. kukuvara kweziso;
  9. kuvhiyiwa uye maitiro ekare ekuputika;
  10. kuvapo kwe glaucoma muhama;
  11. kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga yehomoni.

Maererano neWHO, glaucoma ndiyo inotungamira pathology yemidziyo yekuona, inotungamira mukurasikirwa kwekuona basa. Chikamu chinodarika gumi neina kubva muzana chevanhu vasingaoni pasi rose havachaoni nekuda kwechirwere cheglaucoma.

Glaucoma zviratidzo

Kazhinji kazhinji, iko kurwara kwechirwere kuri asymptomatic uye hakukonzere chero kusagadzikana chero sekuona kweacuity kusinganyanye kuderera. Sezvo mutemo, murwere anobvunza an ophthalmologist panguva yekupedzisira mukukura kwechirwere. Iko kunyengera kwechirwere kuri muchokwadi chekuti mumatanho ekutanga, kurwadziwa uye zviratidzo zvinenge zvisipo zvachose.

Vakwegura vanofanira kugara vachishanyira ophthalmologist uye kuyera intraocular kumanikidza, chinova chiratidzo chinotungamira cheglaucoma. Izvo hazvigoneke kuzvimiririra kuona shanduko mukati meiyo intraocular kumanikidza, nekuti iko kuwedzera kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma uye huropi hunochinja kune shanduko. Chete boka diki revanhu rine ratidziro dzakadai sekurwadziwa munzvimbo yetsi uye nehuma, kuora kwekupenya kwechiono, kunyunyuta nezvechitarisiko chedenderedzwa dzeruvara kana uchitsvaga kwayakavhenekwa.

Chimwe chiratidzo chakakosha kuderera kwemunda wekuona, uyo unotanga kubva munzvimbo yemhino, pamwe nekutyora kwekumhanyisa kweziso kweziso kuchinjiso chemwenje. Kudonha kweacuity kunoona kuchinjika shanduko mune morphological chimiro cheiyo optic nerve, iyo isingakwanise kudzoreredzwa nekurapwa.

Iyo yakavharika-kona fomu haina kujairika, asi inosiyaniswa nezvakataurwa zviratidzo: rakakomba ziso nemusoro, kutsvuka kweziso.

Clinical zviratidzo zve glaucoma

Chirwere chechimiro chechimiro chinogona kuratidzwa nechimwe kana zvimwe zviratidzo. Zvakakosha kuonana neophthalmologist munguva yekuongororwa uye kuongororwa kwakazara.

Zviratidzo zve glaucoma:

  1. kudzokororwa kwekunzwa kurwadziwa, kurwadza uye kuremerwa munzvimbo yeziso rakabatwa;
  2. kuderera mumunda wekuona;
  3. mhute pamberi pemeso;
  4. mavara ane mavara uye madenderedzwa kana uchitarisa kune chitubu chechiedza chakajeka;
  5. kuderera kwechiratidzo panguva yorubvunzavaeni (madekwana nousiku);
  6. unyoro hwemaziso;
  7. dzimwe nguva kuvava kunyoro;
  8. hyperemia yeziso reziso.

Matambudziko eglaucoma

Kurapa kusingatarisirwi uye kuongororwa kwe glaucoma kunogona kumutsa kurwisa kwakanyanya kwechirwere, icho chakazara nekuremara kwakakomba kwekuona kusvika pakupedzisa hupofu. Ongororo inoshanda inoratidza kuti glaucoma kurapwa kunogona kungomira uye kudzikisira kudzikira muchiono, asi haigone kuidzorera.

Kudzivirira glaucoma

  1. 1 kuongororwa kwechiremba nguva dzose nemurapi uye endocrinologist yekuona nenguva uye kudzivirira zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera kukura kwe glaucoma (hypertension, hypotension, chirwere cheshuga mellitus, kusagadzikana kwechirwere chetachiona);
  2. 2 kushanya kwakarongeka kune ophthalmologist nechiyero chinosungirwa che intraocular pressure;
  3. 3 kurapwa kwenguva yakakodzera kwezvirwere zvemaziso kudzivirira kukura kwechipiri glaucoma;
  4. 4 vanaamai vane pamuviri vanofanira kunyanya kungwarira kudzivirira njodzi yekukura kweglaucoma muvana vachangoberekwa;
  5. 5 usaregeredza kuzviongorora. Kuzvidzora kunoitwa zviri nyore: vhara maziso ako mumwe nemumwe uye enzanisa kupinza uye kunaka kwemufananidzo;
  6. 6 ita kuti uve mutemo wekugara uchiita maekisesaizi emangwanani nekusungirwa kurovedza kweiyo cervical spine. Kuita muviri kwakadzikama kunokurudzira kugoverwa kweropa kumitezo yekuona;
  7. 7 usasimudza zvinhu zvinorema kuitira kuti usatsamwise kuwedzera kweIOP;
  8. 8 kudya kwakanyatsogadzirwa.

Nzira dzekuongorora

Nekukurumidza kuona maitiro ezvirwere, IOP inoyerwa, nerubatsiro rwemichina yakakosha iyo fundus uye musoro wetsinga yemaziso inoongororwa, nzvimbo yekuona inoongororwa kuti ione hurema pakati nepakati nepakati pekuona.

Kuongororwa kweglaucoma, kuongororwa kwakadzama kunorongerwa, kusanganisira refractometry, automated perimetry, tonometry, ultrasound, kuongorora kudzika kwekamuri yepamberi, kutsunga kwehupamhi uye dhayamita yelens, gonioscopy (chidzidzo chekona pakati pe cornea. uye iris), kutsunga kwekukora kwecornea.

Glaucoma kurapwa mune zvakanyanya mushonga

Zvinosuruvarisa, hazvisati zvichikwanisika kuwana mushonga wakakwana we glaucoma, asi inofanira kudzorwa uye kurapwa. Mushure mekumisikidza rudzi uye nhanho yeglaucoma, ophthalmologist ichapa nzira yakakwana yekurapa, iyo inogona kuchengetedza, kuvhiya kana laser. Imwe yeaya marudzi ekurapa anoitirwa kuitisa kuti zviratidzo zve intraocular zvinongedze.

Matekiniki ekurapa anosanganisira kushandiswa kwemadonhwe eantiglaucoma, ayo asingangoderedze mwero weIOP chete, asiwo anovandudza kuwedzerwa kweropa kune nhengo dzemukati yenhengo dzekuona. Nyanzvi yemaziso chete ndiyo inogona kusarudza uye kudzima madonhwe, pamwe nekuraira hutongi; kuzvirapa glaucoma kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kusingachinjiki kumeso. Muchiitiko ichi, murwere anofanirwa kufunga kuti antiglaucomatous zvinodhaka zvinogona kuita zvakasiyana paIOP:

  1. 1 intraocular pressure inoderera pakarepo mushure mekuisa madonhwe;
  2. 2 IOP inodzikira zvishoma, asi pasi pemamiriro ekugara aisirwa mushonga, mhedzisiro yawo inowedzera nekufamba kwenguva;
  3. 3 madonhwe anogona kukonzera zvinopesana uye kuwedzera huwandu hweIOP;
  4. 4 kuramba kwemurwere kune antiglaucoma madonhwe zvinogoneka, mune iyi kesi mushonga haukanganise IOP paramita.

Kana kurapwa kwakachengetedza hakuna kupa mhedzisiro, saka ophthalmologist inokurudzira kuvhiyiwa.

Kuvhiyiwa kweLaser kwekurapa glaucoma kwakatanga kuitiswa kumashure muma70s ezana ramakore rapfuura. Nekubatsirwa kwemalasi radiation, maburi emukati akabviswa, ayo anovhiringidza kubuda kweiyo intraocular fluid. Iko kune zvakanakira nekuipira kune laser kuvhiya.

Zvakanakira laser kuvhiya:

  • mutengo wakaderera wekushanda;
  • pfupi nguva yekuvandudza;
  • hapana chikonzero cheanesthesia yakajairika, anesthesia yemuno yakakwana;
  • kupindira kwekuvhiya ne laser kunogona kuitwa kuchipatara;
  • hapana matambudziko anowanzoitika pakuvhiya kwechinyakare glaucoma.

Kukanganisa kwekuvhiya laser:

  • njodzi yekukuvara kune iyo lens capsule;
  • mukana wekukuvara kune iyo iris midziyo;
  • mumaawa mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiya, kuwedzera kweIOP kunogoneka.

Glaucoma kuvhiyiwa ine nhoroondo yeanopfuura makore zana nemakumi mashanu. Gore rega rega izvo zviripo zvinovandudzwa, nzira nyowani dzekurwisa anticlaucomatous mashandiro dzinogadzirwa nekuunzwa. Ophthalmologist inogamuchira mubvunzo wekuvhiya glaucoma (iridectomy), uchifunga nezve mamiriro ezvinhu emurwere, maIPI parameter uye musimba wedata remakiriniki.

Basa re iridectomy nderekugadzirisa iyo IOP nhanho, kunatsiridza hutano uye tishu metabolism mune ye optic nerve. Nekuda kwekuvhiya kwekuvhiya, kumanikidzwa mumakamuri eziso kunoenzana nekubvisa iyo pupillary block.

Zvishandiso zvinobatsira zve glaucoma

Kudya kwakasarudzwa zvakanaka kwakakosha pakurapa glaucoma. Inofanira kusanganisira mavitamini uye zvicherwa zvinobatsira kunatsiridza metabolism mu optic nerve. Sezvo mutemo, ophthalmologist inowedzera zvakare vitamini vhitamini, iyo inosanganisira mavitamini emapoka B, A, E uye C, anobatsira kudzora kukura kwechirwere.

Kurarama neGlaucoma: Mazano eKudya Kwekudya uye Kurovedza muviri kubva kuMona Kaleem, MD

Zvinokurudzirwa zvigadzirwa:

Kune varwere vane glaucoma, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka wakaviriswa, masoseji akabikwa emhando yepamusoro, zviyo, zvigadzirwa zvesoya, marudzi ehove nenyama ane mafuta mashoma anoratidzwa. Zvakanakisisa kudya zvokudya zviduku kakawanda kuitira kuti shuga yeropa irambe yakagadzikana zuva rose. Kugara kudyiwa kweblueberries kunoderedza zvakanyanya kuitika kwe glaucoma kurwiswa uye kunovandudza kuona kwekuona.

Iye anoenda ophthalmologist achabatsira murwere kunyatsogadzira chikafu chezuva nezuva.

Chinyakare mushonga we glaucoma

Kugara uchishandisa mishonga yechinyakare padanho rekutanga rechirwere kunopa mhedzisiro.

Chenjerera!

Iwo manejimendi haatarisiri chero kuyedza kwekushandisa ruzivo rwunopihwa, uye haivimbise kuti harukuvadze iwe pachezvako. Izvo zvinhu hazvigone kushandiswa kupa mushonga uye kugadzirisa chirwere. Nguva dzose bvunza chiremba wako wezvechiremba!

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