Kuvandudzwa kwendima nemwana kunogona kuonekwa senzira yekusimbisa kuonana nayo. Muchokwadi, iyi imhando yenhaurirano umo mativi maviri anotora chikamu - mwana uye mamiriro. Rutivi rumwe norumwe runozviratidza muchirairo ichi; iyo nzvimbo inoratidzwa kumwana kuburikidza nekusiyana kwezvinhu zvayo uye zvivakwa (nzvimbo, zvisikwa uye zvinhu zvakaitwa nevanhu zviri ipapo, zvinomera, zvisikwa zvipenyu, nezvimwewo), uye mwana anozviratidza mukusiyana kwekuita kwake kwepfungwa (kutarisa , kufunga kwekutanga, kufungidzira, ruzivo rwemanzwiro) . Iko kukura kwepfungwa uye basa remwana rinotarisa chimiro chemhinduro yake yemweya kumamiriro ezvinhu uye maitiro ekubatana nawo ayo mwana anotanga.
Izwi rekuti "nyika" rinoshandiswa mubhuku rino kekutanga. Inobva kuGermany: «nyika» - nyika, uye «schaf» inobva muchiito «schaffen» - kugadzira, kugadzira. Tichashandisa izwi rekuti "nyika" kureva ivhu rakabatana nezvose zvakasikwa pamusoro paro nemasimba echisikigo nemunhu. Zvinoenderana netsanangudzo yedu, "landscape" ipfungwa ine hunyanzvi, inoremerwa nezvirimo pane nyowani "nzvimbo" yakafuratirwa, hunhu hukuru hwayo kukura kwenzvimbo yayo. Iyo "nyika" yakazadzwa nezviitiko zvechisikigo uye zvemagariro nyika inobatika mairi, yakasikwa uye chinangwa. Iine akasiyana-siyana anokurudzira chiitiko chekuziva, zvinokwanisika kumisikidza bhizinesi uye hukama hwepedyo hwehukama nayo. Kuti mwana anoita sei izvi inyaya yechitsauko chino.
Kana vana vemakore mashanu kana matanhatu vachifamba vari voga, vanowanzo gara mukati menzvimbo diki yavanoziva uye vachidyidzana zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvega zvega zvinovafadza: ne slide, swing, fenzi, puddle, etc. Chimwe chinhu apo pane vana vaviri kana kupfuura. Sezvatakakurukura muChitsauko 5, kushamwaridzana nevezera kunoita kuti mwana awedzere kushinga, kunomupa pfungwa yekuwedzera simba reboka re "I" uye hukuru hwemagariro evanhu nokuda kwezviito zvake.
Nokudaro, vakaungana muboka, vana mukukurukurirana nemamiriro ezvinhu vanoenda kune imwe nzvimbo yekubatana kwepamusoro-soro kupfuura ivo voga - vanotanga chinangwa uye kunyatsonzwisisa kukura kwenyika. Vanobva vangotanga kukweverwa kunzvimbo nenzvimbo dzisinganyatsooneki - «dzinotyisa» uye dzinorambidzwa, uko ivo kazhinji havaendi vasina shamwari.
“Ndichiri mwana, ndaigara muguta riri kumaodzanyemba. Mugwagwa wedu wakanga wakapamhama, une migwagwa miviri nelawn yaiparadzanisa nzira nemugwagwa. Takanga tine makore mashanu kana kuti matanhatu okukura, uye vabereki vedu vakatibvumira kuchovha mabhasikoro evana uye kufamba mujinga meimba yedu nesuo rinotevera, kubva pakona kuenda kuchitoro nokudzokera. Zvairambidzwa zvachose kutenderera kona yemba uye kukona yechitoro.
Kufanana nemugwagwa wedu kuseri kwedzimba dzedu kwaive neimwe - nhete, yakanyarara, ine mumvuri wakanyanya. Nechikonzero chakati, vabereki havana kumbobvira vaendesa vana vavo ikoko. Kune imba yekunamatira yeBaptist, asi isu hatina kunzwisisa kuti yaive chii. Nekuda kwemiti mikuru mirefu, hakuna kumbova nezuva ipapo - senge musango gobvu. Kubva pakamira tram, zvimiro zvechembere dzakapfeka zvitema zvakanyarara zvaifamba kuenda kuimba isinganzwisisike. Vaigara vaine imwe mhando yewallet mumaoko avo. Gare gare takaenda ikoko kundovateerera vachiimba, uye pazera ramakore mashanu kana kuti matanhatu kwakangoratidzika kwatiri kuti uyu mugwagwa une mumvuri wakanga uri nzvimbo yechienzi, ine ngozi inokangaidza, inorambidzwa. Nokudaro, inokwezva.
Isu dzimwe nguva tinoisa mumwe wevana patrol pakona kuitira kuti vagoita manyepo ekuvapo kwedu kuvabereki. Uye ivo vamene nokukurumidza vakamhanya vachipoterera bhuroko redu nomugwagwa iwoyo une ngozi ndokudzoka vachibva kurutivi rwechitoro. Vakazviitirei? Zvaifadza, takakunda kutya, takanzwa semapiyona enyika itsva. Vaingozviita vese chete, handina kumboendako ndiri ndega.
Saka, kukura kwenzvimbo nevana kunotanga nekufamba kweboka, umo maitiro maviri anogona kuonekwa. Kutanga, chido chinoshanda chevana chekusangana nevasingazivikanwi uye vanotyisa pavanonzwa kutsigirwa kweboka rezera. Chechipiri, kuratidzwa kwekuwedzera kwenzvimbo - chido chekuwedzera nyika yako nekuwedzera "nyika dzakabudirira".
Pakutanga, nzendo dzakadaro dzinopa, kutanga kune zvose, kupinza kwemanzwiro, kuonana nevasingazivikanwi, ipapo vana vanoenda kukuongorora nzvimbo dzine ngozi, uye ipapo, uye panzvimbo pacho nokukurumidza, kushandiswa kwavo. Kana tikaturikira zvepfungwa zvezviito izvi mumutauro wesainzi, zvino zvinogona kutsanangurwa sezvikamu zvitatu zvinotevedzana zvekutaurirana kwemwana nemamiriro: chekutanga - kubata (kunzwa, kugadzirisa), ipapo - kuratidza (kuunganidza ruzivo), ipapo - the chikamu chekushanda kunoshanda.
Izvo pakutanga zvakakonzera kutya kwekuremekedza zvishoma nezvishoma zvinova tsika uye nekudaro zvinodzikira, dzimwe nguva zvichisimuka kubva muchikamu chezvinoera (zvisinganzwisisike zvinoera) kuenda kuchikamu chezvisina kuchena (mazuva ese). Muzviitiko zvakawanda, izvi zvakanaka uye zvakanaka - kana zvasvika kune idzo nzvimbo uye nzvimbo dzepamhepo uko mwana anowanzo shanyira iye zvino kana gare gare uye achishanda: shanyira chimbuzi, bvisa marara, enda kuchitoro, enda pasi. kukamuri yepasi, kuwana mvura kubva mutsime, enda kushambira ivo pachavo, etc. Hongu, munhu haafaniri kutya nzvimbo idzi, kukwanisa kuzvibata ikoko nenzira yakarurama uye nenzira yebhizimisi, achiita zvaakauya. Asi kune zvakare flip side kune izvi. Manzwiro ekuziva, kujairika kwenzvimbo kunodzima kusvinura, kunoderedza kutarisisa uye kungwarira. Pamwoyo wekusava nehanya kwakadaro hakuna kukwana kuremekedzwa kwenzvimbo, kuderera kwekukosha kwayo kwekufananidzira, izvo, zvakare, zvinotungamirira kuderera kwehutano hwepfungwa hwemwana uye kusava nekuzvidzora. Pane ndege yepanyama, izvi zvinoratidzwa mukuti munzvimbo yakanyatsogadziriswa mwana anokwanisa kukuvadza, kuwira pane imwe nzvimbo, kuzvikuvadza. Uye pamagariro evanhu - zvinotungamirira kupinda mumamiriro ekukonana, kurasikirwa nemari kana zvinhu zvinokosha. Mumwe wemienzaniso yakajairika: chirongo chakavava chakatumirwa mwana kuchitoro chinodonha kubva mumaoko ake uye chinopwanyika, uye akange atomira mumutsetse, asi achikurukura neshamwari, vakatanga kukanganisa uye ... vangati, vakanganwa kwavakanga vari.
Dambudziko rekuremekedza nzvimbo rinewo hurongwa hwemweya uye kukosha. Kusaremekedza kunotungamirira kuderera kwekukosha kwenzvimbo, kuderedzwa kwepamusoro kusvika kune yakaderera, kuderedzwa kwezvinoreva - kureva, kune debunking, desacralization yenzvimbo.
Kazhinji, vanhu vanowanzo funga nezvenzvimbo yakagadziridzwa, ivo vanonyanya kukwanisa kuita ipapo kubva ivo pachavo - kubata zviwanikwa zvenzvimbo nenzira senge bhizinesi uye kusiya zvimiro zvezviito zvavo, vachizvidhinda ipapo. Nokudaro, mukukurukurirana nenzvimbo, munhu anosimbisa simba rake pachake, nokudaro achifananidzira kupinda mukurwisana ne "masimba enzvimbo", ayo munguva dzekare aifananidzirwa mumwari anonzi "genius loci" - nyanzvi yenzvimbo. .
Kuti aenderane ne "masimba enzvimbo", munhu anofanira kukwanisa kunzwisisa uye kuzvifunga - ipapo ivo vachamubatsira. Munhu anouya kukubatana kwakadaro zvishoma nezvishoma, mukukura kwemweya uye kwemunhu, pamwe chete nechikonzero chedzidzo ine chinangwa chetsika yekukurukurirana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Hunhu hunoshamisa hwehukama hwemunhu nenyanzvi loci kazhinji hunobva muchishuvo chekare chekuzvisimbisa pasinei nemamiriro enzvimbo uye nekuda kwekuderera kwemukati kwemunhu. Muchimiro chinoparadza, matambudziko aya anowanzo kuzviratidza mumafambiro evechiri kuyaruka, avo zvakakosha zvikuru kutaura "Ini" yavo. Naizvozvo, vanoedza kushamisira pamberi pevezera ravo, vachiratidzira simba ravo nokuzvimirira kupfurikidza nokuzvidza nzvimbo yavanenge vari. Semuenzaniso, vauya nemaune kune "nzvimbo inotyisa" inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuzivikanwa kwayo - imba yakasiiwa, matongo echechi, makuva, nezvimwewo - vanotanga kudanidzira nenzwi guru, kukanda matombo, kubvarura chimwe chinhu, kuparadza, kuita moto, fambai munzira dzose, vachiratidza simba ravo pamusoro pechinhu chisingagoni kudzivisa, sezvavanofunga ivo; Zvisinei, hazvisi. Sezvo vechidiki, vane rudado rwekuzvisimbisa, vanorasikirwa nekutanga kutonga pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu, dzimwe nguva zvinotsiva nekukasira mundege yemuviri. Muenzaniso chaiwo: mushure mekugamuchira zvitupa zvekupedza chikoro kubva kuchikoro, boka revakomana vaifara rakapfuura nepamakuva. Takasarudza kuenda ikoko uye, tichizvirumbidza kune mumwe nemumwe, takatanga kukwira pamakuva ezviyeuchidzo - ndiani akakwirira. Muchinjikwa mukuru wemarble wakawira pamukomana ndokumupwanya kusvika afa.
Hazvisi pasina kuti mamiriro ekusaremekedza "nzvimbo inotyisa" ndiko kutanga kwekuronga kwemafirimu akawanda anotyisa, apo, semuenzaniso, kambani inofadza yevakomana nevasikana inonyanya kuuya kupikiniki mune imwe imba yakasiiwa. sango, rinozivikanwa se "nzvimbo yakavharwa". Pwere dzinoseka nokuzvidza “ngano”, dzinogara muimba ino nokuda kwemifarwa yadzo, asi nokukurumidza dzinowana kuti dzakaseka pasina, uye vazhinjisa vavo havachadzoki kumusha vari vapenyu.
Sezvineiwo, vana vadiki vanotora pfungwa yezvinoreva "nzvimbo yemasimba" kusvika pamwero mukuru kupfuura pwere dzinozvikudza. Kune rumwe rutivi, ivo vanochengetwa kubva kune dzakawanda dzinogona kurwisana nemasimba aya nekutya kunokurudzira kuremekedzwa kwenzvimbo. Asi nerumwe rutivi, sezvinoratidzwa nebvunzurudzo dzedu nevana uye nyaya dzavo, zvinoita sekuti vana vadiki vane hukama hwepfungwa nenzvimbo, sezvo vachigara mairi kwete muzviito chete, asiwo mukufungidzira kwakasiyana. Mune mafungiro aya, vana vanoda kusanyadzisa, asi, pane kudaro, kusimudzira nzvimbo yacho, vachiiisa neunhu hunoshamisa, vachiona mairi chimwe chinhu chisingabviri zvachose kuona neziso rinotsoropodza remunhu mukuru chaiye. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei vana vanogona kunakidzwa nekutamba uye kuda marara, kubva pakuona kwemunhu mukuru, nzvimbo dzisina chinhu chinonakidza zvachose.
Mukuwedzera, chokwadi, maonero ayo mwana anotarisa zvinhu zvose zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nemunhu mukuru. Mwana wacho mudiki mukukura, saka anoona zvinhu zvese nerimwe divi. Ane mafungiro akasiyana neaya emunhu mukuru, anonzi transduction mune zvesainzi psychology: uku ndiko kufamba kwepfungwa kubva kune chaiyo kuenda kune chaiyo, uye kwete maererano neiyo generic hierarchy yepfungwa. Mwana ane chiyero chake chetsika. Zvakanyatsosiyana kune munhu mukuru, zvinhu zvezvinhu zvinomutsa kufarira kunoshanda maari.
Ngatitarisei maficha echinzvimbo chemwana maererano nezvinhu zvega zvepasi tichishandisa mienzaniso mhenyu.
Musikana anoti:
“Mumusasa wemapiyona, takaenda kune chimwe chivako chakasiiwa. Yakanga isiri inotyisa, asi nzvimbo inonakidza kwazvo. Imba yacho yaiva yemapuranga, ine denga remba. Pauriri nemasitepisi zvaiita ruzha zvikuru, uye tainzwa semakororo engarava. Takatamba ipapo - takaongorora imba ino.
Musikana anotsanangura chiitiko chakajairika chevana mushure memakore matanhatu kana manomwe ezera: "kuongorora" nzvimbo, yakasanganiswa nemutambo uri kuitika panguva imwe chete kubva muchikamu cheiyo inonzi "mitambo yekushanya." Mumitambo yakadai, vaviri vakuru vanobatana vanodyidzana - boka revana uye nzvimbo inoburitsa zvakavanzika zvingangoitika kwavari. Iyo nzvimbo, iyo neimwe nzira yakakwezva vana, inovakurudzira nemitambo yengano, nekuda kwekuti yakapfuma mune zvese zvinomutsa fungidziro. Naizvozvo, "mitambo yekushanya" inowanikwa munharaunda. Mutambo chaiwo wevapambi haugoneki pasina imba iyi isina chinhu, iyo yavakakwira, uko creaking yematanho, manzwiro emunhu asingagari, asi akazara nehupenyu hwakanyarara, nzvimbo ine storey yakawanda ine makamuri akawanda asingazivikanwi, nezvimwewo zvinokonzera manzwiro akawanda.
Kusiyana nemitambo yevadiki vechikoro, avo vanotamba fungidziro yavo zvakanyanya mu "kunyepedzera" mamiriro ezvinhu nezvinhu zvinotsiva zvinomiririra zvekufungidzira, mu "mitambo yemitambo" mwana anonyudzwa zvachose mumhepo yenzvimbo chaiyo. Anorarama nazvo nemuviri wake nemweya wake, anopindura zvine hungwaru kwazviri, achizadza nzvimbo ino nemifananidzo yemafungiro ake uye achipa zvaanoreva,
Izvi zvinoitika dzimwe nguva nevakuru. Somuenzaniso, mumwe murume ane tochi akaenda kuimba yepasi kuti agadzirise, anoiongorora, asi anongoerekana azvibata achifunga kuti paanenge achidzungaira pakati pazvo, kureva kuti, ari pedyo nekamuri repasi refu, ari kuramba achinyudzwa asingazvisarudziri muukomana hwokufungidzira. mutambo, sekunge iye, asi mutumwa akatumwa kumishoni ... kana gandanga rave kuda…, kana mupoteri ari kutambudzwa ari kutsvaga pekuhwanda, kana…
Nhamba yemifananidzo yakagadzirwa ichaenderana nekufamba kwekufungidzira kwekusika kwemunhu, uye kusarudzwa kwake kwemamwe mabasa achaudza nyanzvi yezvepfungwa zvakawanda nezvehunhu hwemunhu uye matambudziko echidzidzo ichi. Chinhu chimwe chinogona kutaurwa - hapana chinhu chemwana chisingazivikanwi kumunhu mukuru.
Kazhinji, kutenderedza nzvimbo dzese dzinonyanya kana kushoma kuvana, ivo vakagadzira akawanda akaunganidzwa uye ega ega fungidziro. Kana vana vasina kusiyana-siyana kwezvakatipoteredza, saka nerubatsiro rwekufungidzira kwekusika kwakadaro "vanopedza" nzvimbo, vachiunza mafungiro avo pairi kusvika pamwero unodiwa wekufarira, ruremekedzo, uye kutya.
“Muchirimo taigara mumusha weVyritsa pedyo neSt. Kusiri kure nedacha redu paive neimba yemukadzi. Pavana vemuraini medu paive nenyaya yekuti mukadzi uyu akakoka vana kumba kwake kuti vanwe tii vana ndokunyangarika. Vakataurawo nezvekamwe kamusikana kakaona mapfupa avo mumba make. Pane imwe nguva ndakanga ndichipfuura nepamba pemukadzi uyu, uye akandishevedza kwaaigara achida kundirapa. Ndakatya zvisingaite, ndakatiza kumba kwedu ndokunohwanda kuseri kwegedhi ndichidaidza amai vangu. Panguva iyoyo ndakanga ndava nemakore mashanu. Asi kazhinji, imba yemukadzi uyu yaive chaiyo nzvimbo yekufambira vana veko. Ndakabatanawo navo. Vanhu vese vakafarira kuti chii chaivapo uye kuti zvaitaurwa nevana chaive chokwadi here. Vamwe vakabuda pachena kuti manyepo asi hapana akasvika pamba apa ari ega. Yaiva mhando yemutambo: munhu wese aikwezvwa nemba semagineti, asi vaitya kusvika pairi. Vakadaro vachimhanya kusvika kugedhi, vakakanda chimwe chinhu mubindu uye pakarepo vakatiza.
Kune nzvimbo dzinozivikanwa nevana seseri kweruoko, garai pasi mugodzishandisa savatenzi. Asi dzimwe nzvimbo, maererano nemafungiro evana, dzinofanira kunge dzisingapindiki uye dzichengete ivo pachavo runako uye chakavanzika. Vana vanovadzivirira pakutuka uye kushanya kashoma. Kuuya kunzvimbo yakadaro kunofanira kunge kuri chiitiko. Vanhu vanoenda ikoko kuti vanzwe matunhu akakosha akasiyana nezviitiko zvemazuva ese, kuti vabatane nezvakavanzika uye nekunzwa kuvapo kwemweya wenzvimbo. Ikoko, vana vanoedza kusabata chero chinhu zvisina kufanira, kusachinja, kusaita chero chinhu.
“Kwataigara kumaruwa, kwakanga kune bako kumucheto kwepaki yekare. Aive pasi pemawere ejecha dzvuku. Waitofanira kuziva nzira yokusvika nayo, uye zvakanga zvakaoma kuti upfuure. Mukati mebako, karwizi kaiva nemvura yakachena kwazvo kaiyerera kubva mugomba diki dema mukati medombo rejecha. Kugunun'una kwemvura kwaisanzwika, kupenya kwakatsvuka kwakawira pavhavha yakatsvuka, kwaitonhorera.
Vana vakati vaDecembrists vakahwanda mubako (rakanga risiri kure neiyo Ryleev estate), uye gare gare vatsigiri vakapinda munzira yakamanikana panguva yePatriotic War kuti vaende makiromita akawanda kure mune mumwe musha. Taisawanzotaura ikoko. Pamwe vakanyarara, kana kuti vaitaura zvakasiyana. Mumwe nemumwe aizvifunga zvake, akamira akanyarara. Hukuru hwatakazvibvumira kwaiva kusvetuka tichidzoka shure kamwe chete mhiri kworukova rwakafara rwakati sandarara kuenda kuchitsuwa chiduku pedyo nemadziro ebako. Uhwu hwaiva humbowo hwekukura kwedu (7-8 years). Vana vadiki vaisagona. Zvaisazomboitika kune ani zvake kukwenya zvakanyanya murukova urwu, kana kuchera jecha pasi, kana kuita chimwe chinhu, sezvatakaita parwizi, semuenzaniso. Takangobata mvura nemaoko ndokunwa ndokunyorovesa kumeso ndokubuda.
Kwatiri kwairatidzika kuva kuzvidza kwakashata kuti pwere dzomumusasa wechirimo, wakanga uri pedyo nesuo, vakanyora mazita avo pamadziro ebako.
Nekutendeuka kwepfungwa dzavo, vana vane hunhu hwechisikigo hwechipegani chisina maturo muhukama hwavo nezvisikwa uye nenyika yakavapoteredza. Vanoona nyika yakatenderedza semubatsiri akazvimirira anogona kufara, kugumbuka, kubatsira kana kutsiva pamunhu. Saizvozvo, vana vanowanzoita zvemashiripiti kuitira kuronga nzvimbo kana chinhu chavanodyidzana nacho mukuda kwavo. Ngatitii, mhanya nekumhanya kwakakosha kune imwe nzira kuitira kuti zvese zvifambe zvakanaka, taura nemuti, mira padombo raunofarira kuratidza rudo rwako kwaari uye kuwana rubatsiro rwake, nezvimwe.
Nenzira, vanenge vose vana vomuguta vemazuva ano vanoziva mazita ekuremekedza anotaurwa kune ladybug, zvokuti akabhururuka achienda kudenga, uko vana vakamumirira, kune hozhwa, kuitira kuti abudise nyanga dzake, kunaya. zvokuti inomira. Kazhinji vana vanogadzira zvitsinga zvavo netsika kuti vabatsire mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Tichasangana nevamwe vavo gare gare. Zvinonakidza kuti chihedheni ichi chevana chinogara mumweya yevakuru vakawanda, zvinopesana nemafungiro emazuva ose, anongoerekana amuka panguva dzakaoma (kunze kwekuti, zvechokwadi, vanonyengetera kuna Mwari). Kunyatsocherechedza kuti izvi zvinoitika sei kune vanhu vakuru zvakanyanya kudarika muvana, izvo zvinoita kuti uchapupu hunotevera hwemukadzi ane makore makumi mana hunyanya kukosha:
“Chirimo ichocho padacha ndakakwanisa kuenda kudhamu kunoshambira chete manheru, apo nguva yorubvunzavaeni yakanga yatopinda. Uye zvakanga zvakafanira kufamba kwehafu yeawa nomusango riri munzvimbo yakadzikira, umo rima rakawedzera nokukurumidza. Uye pandakatanga kufamba seizvi manheru nemusango, kekutanga ndakatanga kunyatsonzwa hupenyu hwakazvimirira hwemiti iyi, mavara avo, simba ravo - nharaunda yese, sevanhu, uye munhu wese akasiyana. Uye ndakaona kuti nemidziyo yangu yekugezera, pabhizinesi rangu rega, ndinopinda munyika yavo panguva isina kunaka, nekuti panguva ino vanhu havachaendi ikoko, vanokanganisa hupenyu hwavo, uye vangave vasingazvifarire. Mhepo yaiwanzovhuvhuta kusati kwasviba, uye miti yose yaifamba nokugomera, mumwe nomumwe nenzira yawo. Uye ndakanzwa kuti ndaida kukumbira mvumo yavo, kana kuratidza ruremekedzo rwangu kwavari - aya aive manzwiro asina kujeka.
Uye ndakarangarira musikana kubva kungano dzeRussia, kuti anokumbira sei muti weapuro kuti umufukidze, kana sango - kuti aparadzanise kuitira kuti amhanye. Bva, kazhinji, ndakavakumbira mundangariro kuti vandibetsere kupfuurira kuitira kuti vanhu vakaipa varege kurwisa, uye pandakabuda musango, ndakavatenda. Ipapo, vachipinda munyanza, vakatangawo kutaura kwaari, kuti: “Mhoro, Lake, ndigamuchire, wozondidzorera ndakachengeteka uye ndapora!” Uye iyi formula yemashiripiti yakandibatsira zvakanyanya. Ndakanga ndakadzikama, ndakateerera uye ndisingatyi kushambira kure, nekuti ndainzwa kusangana nedhamu.
Ndisati ndambonzwa nezvemarudzi ose echihedheni aikwezva kune zvakasikwa, asi ndakanga ndisinganyatsozvinzwisisi, zvakanga zvisingazivikanwi kwandiri. Uye zvino zvakava pachena kwandiri kuti kana mumwe munhu akataurirana nezvisikwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvinokosha uye zvine ngozi, saka anofanira kuzviremekedza uye kutaurirana, sezvinoitwa nevarimi.
Kuzvimiririra kugadzwa kwekusangana kwevanhu nekunze, uko mwana wega wega wemakore manomwe kusvika gumi ari kushingaira mazviri, zvinoda basa repfungwa rakakura. Iri basa rave richienderera mberi kwemakore akawanda, asi rinopa zvibereko zvekutanga muchimiro chekuwedzera kusununguka uye "kukodzera" mwana munharaunda nezera remakore gumi kana gumi nerimwe.
Mwana anoshandisa simba rakawanda pakuona zvinoonekwa uye kutsanangurwa kwemukati kweruzivo rwake rwekusangana nenyika. Basa repfungwa rakadaro rinopedza simba, nokuti muvana rinoperekedzwa nechizvarwa chehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwavo kwepfungwa. Ichi chiitiko chakareba uye chakasiyana uye kugadzirisa izvo zvinoonekwa kubva kunze mukufungidzira kwemunhu.
Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chekunze chinonakidza kumwana chinova kukurudzira kwekukurumidza kushandiswa kwemaitiro emukati wepfungwa, rukova runobereka mifananidzo mitsva inobatanidzwa nechinhu ichi. Mifananidzo yakadaro yemafungiro evana nyore nyore «kubatanidza» nekunze kwechokwadi, uye mwana pachake haachakwanisi kuparadzanisa imwe kubva kune imwe. Nekuda kweichi chokwadi, zvinhu izvo mwana anoona zvinowedzera kurema, zvakanyanya kushamisa, zvakanyanya kukosha kwaari - ivo vanopfumiswa nesimba repfungwa uye zvemweya zvinhu izvo iye pachake akaunza ikoko.
Tinogona kutaura kuti mwana panguva imwe chete anoona nyika yakamupoteredza uye anosika iye pachake. Nokudaro, nyika, sezvinoonekwa nemumwe munhu muhuduku, yakanyatsosiyana uye haigoneki. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinosuruvarisa nei, pakuva munhu mukuru uye akadzokera kunzvimbo dzehuduku hwake, munhu anonzwa kuti zvinhu zvose hazvina kufanana, kunyange kana kunze zvinhu zvose zvinoramba zvakaita sezvazvaiva.
Hakusi kuti ipapo «miti yakanga yakakura,» uye iye pachake akanga ari muduku. Yakanyangarika, yakadzingwa nemhepo dzenguva, aura yakakosha yemweya iyo yakapa yakapoteredza runako uye zvinoreva. Pasina iyo, zvese zvinotaridzika zvakanyanya prosaic uye zvidiki.
Kana munhu mukuru achiramba achifunga nezveudiki mundangariro yake uye kukwanisa kupinda zvishoma mumamiriro epfungwa dzehudiki, achibatirira pamuromo wesonganiro yavapo, ndipo paachawana mikana yakawanda yekusangana nezvidimbu zvake. hudiki zvakare.
Kutanga kunyura mundangariro dzako kana kugadzirisa nyaya dzevamwe vanhu, unoshamisika - uko chete vana vasingazviisire ivo pachavo! Mafungiro mangani anogona kuisirwa pakakoromoka padenga, gwara pamadziro, dombo parutivi penzira, muti wakatandavara pasuwo remba, mubako, mugomba rine tadpoles, chimbuzi chemumusha, imba yembwa, danga remuvakidzani, creaky staircase, hwindo reimba yepamusoro, gonhi rekamuri, dhiramu nemvura inonaya, etc. Zvakadzika sei zvakagara zvose zviputi nemakomba, migwagwa uye nzira, miti, makwenzi, zvivakwa, pasi pasi petsoka dzavo. , umo vakachera zvakanyanya, denga pamusoro pemisoro yavo, uko vakatarisa zvakanyanya. Zvose izvi zvinoumba "phenomenal landscape" yemwana (izwi iri rinoshandiswa kuratidza nzvimbo inonzwika uye inorarama nemunhu).
Mamiriro ega ega ezviitiko zvevana zvenzvimbo dzakasiyana nenzvimbo pamwe chete zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya munyaya dzavo.
Kune vamwe vana, chinhu chakanyanya kukosha kuve nenzvimbo yakanyarara paunogona kuenda pamudyandigere uye kuita zvekufungidzira:
“Pana ambuya vangu muBelomorsk, ndaifarira kugara mugadheni repamberi seri kwemba pamuchinjiko. Imba yacho yaiva yega, yakakomberedzwa nefence. Hapana chimwe chandaida.
… Pazera remakore gumi, takaenda kusango raiva pedyo nenjanji. Tichisvika paya, takaparadzana nechekure. Wakanga uri mukana mukuru wekuti uendeswe kune imwe mhando yekufungidzira. Kwandiri, chinhu chakanyanya kukosha mukufamba uku waive mukana wekugadzira chimwe chinhu.
Kune mumwe mwana, zvakakosha kuwana nzvimbo yaunogona kutaura pachena uye wakasununguka:
“Paiva nekasango kadiki pedyo nemba yandaigara. Paiva nechikomo chaikura mabirches. Nechikonzero chakati, ndakadanana nemumwe wavo. Ndinoyeuka zvakajeka kuti ndaiwanzouya kune iyi birch, ndichitaura nayo uye ndaiimba ipapo. Ipapo ndaiva nemakore matanhatu kana manomwe. Uye zvino unogona kuenda ikoko."
Kazhinji, chipo chikuru kuti mwana awane nzvimbo yakadaro apo zvinokwanisika kuratidza zvakajairika mafungiro evana, akatsikirirwa mukati nezvirambidzo zvakasimba zvevadzidzisi. Sekurangarira kunoita muverengi, nzvimbo iyi inowanzova nzvimbo yekurasira marara:
“Dingindira rekurasira marara rakakosha kwandiri. Tisati takurukura, ndakamunyara zvikuru. Asi iye zvino ndava kunzwisisa kuti zvakanga zvakakodzera kwandiri. Chokwadi chiripo ndechekuti amai vangu murume mukuru akatsvinda, kumusha vaisabvumidzwa kufamba vasina slippers, ndisingataure zvekusvetuka pamubhedha.
Naizvozvo, ndakasvetuka nemufaro mukuru pamametiresi ekare mumarara. Kwatiri, metiresi yakaraswa "itsva" yakaenzana nekushanyira zvinokwezva. Takaenda kumurwi wemarara uye nokuda kwezvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru zvataiwana nokukwira mutangi nokunzvera zvose zvaiva mariri.
Taiva nemushandi wechidhakwa aigara pachivanze chedu. Airarama nekuunganidza zvinhu mumirwi yemarara. Nekuda kweizvi hatina kumuda zvakanyanya, nekuti aikwikwidzana nesu. Pakati pevana, kuenda kumarara kwaisaonekwa sechinhu chinonyadzisa. Asi zvakabva kuvabereki.”
Kugadzirwa kwechisikigo kwevamwe vana - zvakanyanya kana zvishoma autistic, yakavharwa hunhu hwavo - inodzivirira kugadzwa kwehukama nevanhu. Vanoda vanhu zvishoma pane zvinhu zvakasikwa nemhuka.
Mwana akangwara, anocherekedza, asi akavharika, ari mukati make, haatsvage nzvimbo dzakazara vanhu, haatombofariri nzvimbo dzekugara dzevanhu, asi anotarisisa zvisikwa:
“Ndainyanya kufamba pabheya. Kwakanga kwadzoka paive nekasango nemiti kumahombekombe. Paive nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzinonakidza mudondo. Ndakauya nezita remumwe nemumwe. Zvino kwakanga kune nzira dzakawanda, dzakamonereka serenje. Nzendo dzangu dzose dzakanga dzakaganhurirwa kumusikirwo. Handisati ndambofarira dzimba. Zvichida chakasara chete chaiva gonhi repamba pangu (muguta) rine magonhi maviri. Sezvo pamba pacho paiva nemasuo maviri, iyi yakavharwa. Mukova wepamberi waive wakajeka, wakamisikidzwa nematiles ebhuruu uye waipa mucherechedzo wehoro yaipenya yakapa rusununguko kufungidziro.
Uye pano, kuenzanisa, kune imwe, inopesana, muenzaniso: wechidiki anorwa anotora pakarepo nzombe nenyanga uye anobatanidza kuongorora kwakazvimirira kwenharaunda neruzivo rwenzvimbo dzinonakidza kwaari munyika yevanhu, izvo vana vasingawanzoiti:
“MuLeningrad, taigara munharaunda yeTrinity Field, uye kubvira pazera remakore manomwe ndakatanga kuongorora nzvimbo iyoyo. Ndichiri mwana, ndaifarira kudzidza ndima itsva. Ndaifarira kuenda kuchitoro ndega, kumatinees, kukiriniki.
Kubva pazera remakore mapfumbamwe, ndaifamba nevoruzhinji muguta rose ndiri ndoga - kumuti weKisimusi, kuhama, nezvimwe.
Miedzo yakaunganidzwa youshingi yandinorangarira yakanga iri denho pamapindu evavakidzani. Yakanga iri makore gumi kusvika gumi nematanhatu. "
Hongu, zvitoro, kiriniki, matinees, muti weKisimusi - iyi haisi bako rine rukova, kwete chikomo chine birch, kwete grove pamhenderekedzo. Uhwu ndihwo hupenyu hwakanyanya kusagadzikana, idzi inzvimbo dzinonyanya kusangana hukama hwevanhu. Uye mwana haasi kungotya kuenda ikoko ari oga (sezvo vakawanda vangatya), asi, pane kudaro, anotsvaka kuzviongorora, achizviwana ari pakati pezviitiko zvevanhu.
Muverengi angabvunza mubvunzo: chii chiri nani kumwana? Mushure mezvose, takasangana mumienzaniso yapfuura nemhando nhatu dzepolar dzemaitiro evana maererano nekunze kwenyika.
Mumwe musikana akagara paruzevha, uye hapana chaanoda kunze kwekubhururuka achienda kuhope dzake. Munhu mukuru angati ari kusangana kwete nechokwadi, asi nemafungiro ake. Angadai akafunga nezvekumuzivisa kunyika, kuitira kuti musikana amutse kufarira kukuru mukukwanisa kwekubatana kwemweya nehupenyu hwechokwadi. Iye aizoumba chinetso chomudzimu chinomutyisidzira sorudo rusina kukwana nechivimbo munyika uye, maererano noMusiki wayo.
Dambudziko repfungwa remusikana wechipiri, anofamba mugomba pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, nderekuti haanzwi kudiwa kukuru kwekusangana nenyika yevanhu. Pano munhu mukuru angazvibvunza mubvunzo: nzira yekumuratidza sei kukosha kwekutaurirana kwevanhu zvechokwadi, kumuratidza nzira kune vanhu uye kumubatsira kuziva matambudziko ake ekukurukurirana? Pakunamata, musikana uyu anogona kunge aine dambudziko rekuda vanhu uye dingindira rerudado rakabatana naro.
Musikana wechitatu anoita seari kuita zvakanaka: haatyi hupenyu, anokwira muhuwandu hwezviitiko zvevanhu. Asi mudzidzisi wake anofanira kubvunza mubvunzo: ari kukura dambudziko remweya, iro muOrthodox psychology rinonzi chivi chekufadza vanhu? Iri ndiro dambudziko rekuwedzera kudiwa kwevanhu, kunyanya kubatanidzwa mune yakasimba network yehukama hwevanhu, izvo zvinotungamira mukutsamira pavari kusvika pakusakwanisa kugara wega, wega nemweya wako. Uye kukwanisa kwekuve woga kwemukati, kuramba zvinhu zvose zvenyika, munhu, chinhu chinodiwa chekutanga chero basa remweya. Zvinoratidzika kuti izvi zvichava nyore kunzwisisa kune vasikana vekutanga nevechipiri, avo, mumwe nomumwe nenzira yavo pachavo, muchimiro chakareruka chisati chaitwa nekuziva, vanorarama hupenyu hwemukati hwemweya yavo kupfuura musikana wechitatu wekushamwaridzana.
Sezvatinogona kuona, anenge mwana wese ane simba rake uye kusimba kwake nenzira yekufanotungamira kune zvakanyatsotsanangurwa matambudziko epfungwa, emweya uye etsika. Dzinodzika midzi muchimiro chomunhu oga uye mugadziriro yedzidzo inomuumba, mumhoteredzo yaanokurira.
Mudzidzisi mukuru anofanira kukwanisa kutarisa vana: kucherechedza zvavanoda kune mamwe mabasa, kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo dzakakosha, maitiro avo, anogona kunyatsozarura mabasa akadzama echikamu chakapiwa chekukura icho mwana anotarisana nacho. Mwana anoedza kuzvigadzirisa nekubudirira kwakawanda kana kushoma. Munhu mukuru anogona kumubetsera zvakakomba muiri basa, kusimudza mwero wokuziva kwaro, kuchikwidziridza kuukuru hwomudzimu, padzimwe nguva kupa zano rounyanzvi. Tichadzokera kunyaya iyi muzvitsauko zvinotevera zvebhuku racho.
Vana vakasiyana-siyana vezera rimwe chete vanowanzoita zvinodhaka zvakafanana kune mamwe marudzi evaraidzo, ayo vabereki vanowanzosakoshesa zvakanyanya kana, pane kudaro, vanozviona sechishuwo chinoshamisa. Zvisinei, kumucherechedzi anongwarira, anogona kuva anofadza zvikuru. Zvinowanzoitika kuti mitambo yevana iyi inoratidza kuedza kunzwisisa uye kuona zvitsva zvehupenyu hutsva mumitambo yekutamba inoitwa nemwana asingazivi pane imwe nguva yehudiki hwake.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinogara zvichitaurwa pazera remakore manomwe kana mapfumbamwe kuda kupedza nguva pedyo nemadziva nemakomba ane mvura, uko vana vanocherekedza uye kubata tadpoles, hove, mitsva, zvipembenene zvekushambira.
"Ndakapedza maawa ndichidzungaira pamhenderekedzo yegungwa muzhizha uye ndichibata zvisikwa zvipenyu muhari - tsikidzi, magakanje, hove. Iko kusungirirwa kwekutarisisa kwakanyanya, kunyudzwa kunenge kwapera, ndakakanganwa zvachose nezvenguva.
“Rukova rwandaifarira rwakayerera rwuchipinda murwizi Mgu, hove ndokutuhwina murukova kubva kwairi. Ndakavabata nemaoko pavakahwanda pasi pematombo.
“Padacha, ndaifarira kuita zvemapundu mugomba. Ndakazviita ndiri ndega uye ndiri mukambani. Ndakanga ndichitsvaga gaba resimbi rekare uye ndakadyara tadpole mariri. Asi chirongo chacho chaidiwa kuti varambe varipo, asi ndakavabata nemaoko angu. Ndaigona kuita izvi siku nesikati.”
“Rwizi rwedu rwuri pedyo nemahombekombe rwaiva nemadhaka, rwuine mvura yakaita shava. Nguva zhinji ndaizvambarara mumigwagwa ndichitarisa pasi mumvura. Ikoko kwakanga kune nzvimbo chaiyo inoshamisa: marefu ane furry algae, uye zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa zvinoshambira pakati pavo, kwete hove chete, asi mamwe marudzi emakumbo akawanda ane makumbo, cuttlefish, fleas tsvuku. Ndakashamiswa nekuwanda kwavo uye kuti munhu wese ari kutenderera zvine chinangwa kune imwe nzvimbo nezvebhizinesi ravo. Vaityisa zvikuru vakaita sezvipembenene zvinotuhwina, vavhimi vasina tsitsi. Vakanga vari munyika ino yemvura sezvakaita dindingwe. Ndakajaira kuvabata nechirongo, ndokuzogara vari vatatu mugaba pamba pangu. Vaitova nemazita. Takavadyisa honye. Zvaifadza kuona kuti vanopamba, vanokurumidza sei, uye kunyange mubhangi iri vanotonga pamusoro pemunhu wese akadyarwa imomo. Ipapo takavasunungura,
“Takafamba mumwedzi waGunyana muTauride Garden, ini ndakatoenda giredhi rekutanga ipapo. Ikoko, padziva guru, pakanga pane ngarava yekongiri yevana pedyo nemhenderekedzo, uye yakanga isina kudzika pedyo nayo. Vana vanoverengeka vakanga vachibata hove duku ikoko. Zvakandishamisa kuti zvakauya kuvana kuti vabate, kuti zvinobvira. Ndakawana chirongo muhuswa ndokuchiyedzawo. Kekutanga muupenyu hwangu, ndaivhima munhu. Chakanyanya kundivhundutsa ndechekuti ndakabata hove mbiri. Ivo vari mumvura yavo, vane njere, uye ini handina ruzivo rwakakwana, uye ndakavabata. Handina kujeka kwandiri kuti izvi zvakaitika sei. Uye ndakazofunga kuti imhaka yekuti ndakanga ndatova mugiredhi rekutanga.
Mune zvipupuriro izvi, misoro miviri mikuru inokwezva kutarisa: dingindira rezvisikwa zvidiki zvinoshanda zvinogara munyika yavo, iyo inocherechedzwa nemwana, uye dingindira rekuvavhima.
Ngatiedzei kunzwa kuti humambo hwemvura uhwu nevagari vashoma vanogara mairi zvinorevei kune mwana.
Kutanga, zvinonyatsoonekwa kuti iyi inyika yakasiyana, yakaparadzaniswa nenyika iyo mwana ari, nepamusoro pemvura yakatsetseka, iyo ndiyo muganhu unooneka wemamiriro maviri. Iyi inyika ine kuenderana kwakasiyana kwenyaya, umo vagari vayo vanonyudzwa: kune mvura, uye pano tine mhepo. Iyi inyika ine chiyero chakasiyana chehukuru - zvichienzaniswa neyedu, zvese zviri mumvura zvishoma; tine miti, ine algae, uye vanogara imomo vashomawo. Nyika yavo inooneka nyore, uye mwana anotarisa pasi pairi. Nepo munyika yevanhu zvinhu zvose zvakakura zvikuru, uye mwana anotarisa kune vamwe vanhu vakawanda kubva pasi kumusoro. Uye nokuda kwevagari venyika yemvura, ihofori huru, ine simba zvokugona kubata kunyange vanomhanya zvikurusa vavo.
Pane imwe nguva, mwana ari padyo negomba rine tadpoles anoona kuti iyi idiki yakazvimirira, inopinda mairi yaanozozviwana ari mune nyowani nyowani basa rake - risingafadzi.
Ngatiyeukei musikana akabata zvipembenene zvekushambira: shure kwezvose, akaisa maonero ake kune vanokurumidza uye vanoparadza vatongi veumambo hwemvura uye, akavabata muchirongo, akava tenzikadzi wavo. Uyu musoro wesimba romunhu pachake nechiremera, uyo unokosha zvikuru kumwana, unowanzoitwa naye muukama hwake nezvisikwa zviduku. Nokudaro kufarira kukuru kwevana vaduku muzvipembenene, hozhwa, matatya maduku, avo vanodawo kutarisa uye kubata.
Chechipiri, nyika yemvura inoshanduka kuita senge ivhu remwana, kwaanogona kugutsa hunhu hwake hwekuvhima - kuda kwekutevera, kudzingirira, kupamba, kukwikwidza nemukwikwidzi anokurumidza ari muchimiro chake. Zvinoitika kuti vakomana nevasikana vanoshuvira zvakaenzana kuita izvi. Uyezve, iyo motif yekubata hove nemaoko avo, inoramba ichidzokororwa nevazhinji vazivisi, inonakidza. Heino chishuwo chekupinda mukubata kwemuviri wakananga nechinhu chekuvhima (sekunge chimwe pane chimwe), uye kunzwa kunzwisisika kwekuwedzera psychomotor kugona: kutarisisa, kukurumidza kuita, dexterity. Iyo yekupedzisira inoratidza kubudirira kwevadzidzi vadiki veiyo nyowani, yepamusoro-soro yekudzora mafambiro, isingasvikike kuvana vadiki.
Asi kazhinji, kuvhima kwemvura uku kunopa mwana uchapupu hunoonekwa (nenzira yemhuka) yesimba rake rinokura uye kukwanisa kwezviito zvinobudirira.
"Humambo hwemvura" ingori imwe chete yezvizhinji zvepasirese izvo mwana anowana kana kuzvisikira iye.
Takatotaura muChitsauko 3 kuti kunyange ndiro yeporridge inogona kuva "nyika" yakadaro kumwana, apo chipunu, sebulldozer, chinogadzira migwagwa uye migero.
Pamwe chete nenzvimbo yakamanikana pasi pemubhedha inogona kuita segomba rakadzikadzika rinogarwa nezvisikwa zvinotyisa.
Mune diki Wallpaper pateni, mwana anokwanisa kuona iyo yese mamiriro.
Matombo mashoma anobuda pasi achashanduka kuva zvitsuwa zvake mugungwa rine hasha.
Mwana anogara achibatanidzwa mukushandurwa kwepfungwa kwezvikero zvepanyika zvepasi rakamupoteredza. Zvinhu zvidiki muhukuru, anogona kukudza kakawanda nekuisa pfungwa dzake pazviri uye nekunzwisisa zvaanoona munzvimbo dzakasiyana zvachose - sekunge ari kutarisa muteresikopu.
Kazhinji, chiitiko chinozivikanwa mukuyedza psychology chave chichizivikanwa kwemakore zana, icho chinonzi "kuongororwazve kwechiyero." Zvinoitika kuti chinhu chipi nechipi icho munhu anonangidzira ngwariro yake pachiri kwenguva yakati chinotanga kuratidzika kwaari zvikuru kupfuura zvachiri chaizvoizvo. Mucherechedzi anoita seanomudyisa nesimba rake repfungwa.
Mukuwedzera, pane misiyano pakati pevakuru nevana munzira chaiyo yekutarisa. Munhu mukuru ari nani anobata nzvimbo yenzvimbo yekuona nemaziso ake uye anokwanisa kubatanidza hukuru hwezvinhu zvega pamwe chete mukati memiganhu yayo. Kana achida kufungisisa chimwe chinhu chiri kure kana pedyo, achaita izvi nekuunza kana kuwedzera mashizha ekuona - ndiko kuti, achaita nemaziso ake, uye asingafambi nemuviri wake wose kune chinhu chinofarirwa.
Mufananidzo wemwana wepasi rose ndeye mosaic. Chekutanga, mwana anowedzera «kubatwa» nechinhu chaari kutarisa panguva ino. Haakwanisi, semunhu mukuru, kugovera kutarisa kwake kwekuona uye nekuchenjera kugadzirisa nzvimbo huru yemunda unooneka kamwechete. Kumwana, zviri nani zvinosanganisira zvidimbu zve semantic zvakasiyana. Chechipiri, anowanzo kushingaira kufamba munzvimbo: kana achida kufunga chimwe chinhu, anoedza kukurumidza kumhanya, kuswedera pedyo - izvo zvaiita sediki kubva kure zvinokura pakarepo, zvichizadza munda wekuona kana iwe ukaviga mhino yako mairi. Ndiko kuti, metric yenyika inooneka, saizi yezvinhu zvega, inonyanya kuchinjika kumwana. Ini ndinofunga kuti mufananidzo unooneka wemamiriro ekuona kwevana unogona kufananidzwa nemufananidzo wechisikigo wakagadzirwa neasina ruzivo mugadziri wedhizaini: achangoisa pfungwa pakudhirowa mamwe akakosha ruzivo, zvinozoitika kuti zvakakura zvakanyanya, kukanganisa kwekuenzana kwese kwezvimwe zvinhu zvekudhirowa. Zvakanaka, uye kwete pasina chikonzero, hongu, mumifananidzo yevana pachavo, chiyero chehukuru hwemifananidzo yezvinhu zvega papepa rinoramba risingakoshi kumwana kwenguva yakareba. Kune vana vechikoro, kukosha kweumwe kana mumwe hunhu mukudhirowa zvakananga kunoenderana nehuwandu hwekukosha hunonamirwa nemugadziri kwaari. Sezvakaita mumifananidzo muEgypt yekare, semumifananidzo yekare kana mumifananidzo yeMiddle Ages.
Kukwanisa kwemwana kuona huru mudiki, kushandura chiyero chenzvimbo inooneka mukufungidzira kwake, inotarirwawo nenzira iyo mwana anounza nayo zvinoreva. Kukwanisa kududzira nenzira yekufananidzira zvinooneka kunobvumira mwana, mumashoko emudetembi, kuratidza "matama ekutsvuka egungwa pandiro yejelly", semuenzaniso, mundiro yesopu kuti aone dziva rine nyika yepasi pemvura. . Mumwana uyu, misimboti iyo tsika yekugadzira minda yeJapan yakavakirwa iri mukati mepedyo. Ikoko, pachikamu chiduku chenyika ine miti miduku nematombo, pfungwa yenzvimbo ine sango nemakomo inobatanidzwa. Imomo, mumigwagwa, jecha rine migero yakachena rinobva muhova rinofananidzira hova dzemvura, uye pfungwa dzouzivi dzeTaoism dzakavharidzirwa mumatombo ari oga akapararira pano neapo sezvitsuwa.
Kufanana nevagadziri vemagadheni eJapan, vana vane kugona kwevanhu kwese kwese kwekuchinja masisitimu enzvimbo yekurongeka umo zvinhu zvinonzwisisika zvinonzwisiswa.
Kazhinji kazhinji kupfuura vanhu vakuru, vana vanogadzira nzvimbo dzepasirese dzakasiyana dzakavakwa mukati meumwe neumwe. Vanogona kuona chimwe chinhu chiduku mukati mechimwe chinhu chikuru, uye ipapo kuburikidza neichi chiduku, sekunge kuburikidza nehwindo remashiripiti, vanoedza kutarisa mune imwe nyika yemukati iri kukura pamberi pemeso avo, zvakakodzera kuisa pfungwa dzavo pairi. Ngatidaidze chiitiko ichi subjective «pulsation of space».
"Pulsation of space" ndiko kushanduka kwemaonero, izvo zvinotungamirira kushanduko yenzvimbo-yechiratidzo coordinate system mukati umo mucherechedzi anonzwisisa zviitiko. Uku ndiko kushanduka kwechiyero chehukuru hwezvinhu zvinoonekwa, zvichienderana nekuti kutarisisa kunonangana nei uye kuti mucherechedzi anopa chii kuzvinhu. The subjectively ruzivo "pulsation of space" imhaka yebasa rakabatanidzwa rekuona kwekuona uye basa rekufananidzira rekufunga - kukwanisa kwemunhu kugadza hurongwa hwekugadzirisa uye kupa zvinoreva zvinooneka mukati memiganhu yakatarwa nayo.
Pane chikonzero chekutenda kuti vana, zvakanyanya kudarika vanhu vakuru, vanoratidzwa nekusununguka kwekuchinja maonero avo, zvichiita kuti kushandiswa kwe "pulsation of space". Muvanhu vakuru, zvinopesana ndezvechokwadi: chimiro chakasimba chechimiro chechimiro chenyika inooneka, iyo munhu mukuru anotungamirirwa nayo, inomuchengeta akasimba zvikuru mukati memiganhu yayo.
Vanhu vakagadzira, pane kudaro, vanowanzo tsvaga kunobva mafomu matsva ekutaura kwemutauro wavo wehunyanzvi mukurangarira kwehudiki hwavo. Mukuru wefirimu akakurumbira Andrei Tarkovsky aiva evanhu vakadaro. Mumafirimu ake, "kubhururuka kwenzvimbo" kunotsanangurwa pamusoro apa kunowanzo shandiswa sechigadzirwa chehunyanzvi kuratidza zvakajeka kuti munhu "anoyangarara" sei semwana kubva munyika yenyama, kwaanenge ari pano uye iye zvino, mune imwe yenyika. nyika dzake dzemweya dzinodikanwa. Heino muenzaniso kubva mufirimu Nostalgia. Protagonist yaro murume wekuRussia anosuwa kumba ari kushanda muItari. Mune chimwe chezviono zvokupedzisira, anozviwana ari muchivako chakasakara mukati memvura inonaya, umo madhamu makuru akaumba pashure pemvura zhinji. Iyo hero inotanga kutarisa mune imwe yadzo. Anopinda imomo achiwedzera nekutarisisa kwake - kamera lens inosvika pamusoro pemvura. Kamwe kamwe, pasi nematombo ari pasi pechidziva uye kupenya kwechiedza pamusoro payo kunoshandura marongero azvo, uye kubva kwavari nzvimbo yeRussia, sekunge inoonekwa kubva kure, inovakwa nehillock nemakwenzi kumberi, minda iri kure. , mugwagwa. Chimiro chaamai chinoratidzika paGomo nemwana, chiyeuchidzo chegamba pachake muhuduku. Iyo kamera inosvika kwavari nekukurumidza uye padyo - mweya wegamba unobhururuka, uchidzokera kune kwaakabva - kunyika yake, kunzvimbo dzakachengetwa kwaakabva.
Kutaura zvazviri, kusununguka kwekusimuka kwakadaro, ndege - kupinda mugomba, mumufananidzo (rangarira V. Nabokov's «Feat», kupinda mundiro («Mary Poppins» naP. Travers), kupinda muGirazi Inotarira, sezvakaitika naAlice. , munzvimbo ipi neipi inofungika inokwezva ngwariro hunhu hwevana vadiki.Rutivi rwayo rwakashata kudzora ndangariro kwomwana kusina simba pamusoro peupenyu hwake hwepfungwa.Nokudaro kureruka uko chinhu chinokwezva chinokwezva uye chinokwezva mweya womwana/ 1 mukati mawo. miganhu, kumanikidzira kuzvikanganwa.Kusakwana "kusimba kwe "Ini"" hakugoni kubata kuvimbika kwepfungwa kwemunhu - ngatirangarire kutya kwehuduku kwatakambokurukura: ndichakwanisa kudzoka here? Utera uhwu hunogonawo kuramba huripo vanhu vakuru veimwe pfungwa yekugadzira-up, ine psyche isina kushandiswa mukuita kwekuzviziva.
Rutivi rwakanaka rwekugona kwemwana kuona, kuona, ruzivo, kugadzira nyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzakavakwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva kupfuma uye kudzika kwekutaurirana kwake pamweya nenzvimbo, kugona kugamuchira ruzivo rwakakosha pachezvake mukusangana uku uye kuwana pfungwa yekunzwisisa. kubatana nenyika. Uyezve, izvi zvese zvinogona kuitika kunyangwe nekunze zvine mwero, uye kunyangwe zvisizvo mikana yenzvimbo.
Kuvandudzwa kwekugona kwevanhu kuwana nyika dzakawanda kunogona kusiiwa kune mukana - zvinova zvinowanzoitika mutsika dzedu dzazvino. Kana kuti unogona kudzidzisa munhu kuti azvione, azvibate uye azvipe zvimiro zvetsika zvinotsigirwa netsika dzezvizvarwa zvakawanda zvevanhu. Zvakadai, semuenzaniso, kudzidziswa kwekufungisisa kwekufungisisa kunoitika mumagadheni eJapan, ayo atatokurukura.
Nyaya yekuti vana vanosimbisa sei hukama hwavo nenzvimbo ichave isina kukwana kana tikasapedzisa chitsauko netsanangudzo pfupi yenzendo dzevana dzakakosha dzekuongorora kwete nzvimbo dzega, asi nzvimbo yacho yese. Zvinangwa uye chimiro cheizvi (kazhinji mapoka) zvekuvhakacha zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nezera revana. Iye zvino tichataura nezvekufamba kunoitwa munyika kana mumusha. Kuti izvi zvinoitika sei muguta, muverengi achawana mashoko muchitsauko 11.
Vana vadiki vemakore matanhatu kana manomwe ezera vanonyanya kufadzwa neiyo pfungwa ye "kukwira". Vanowanzo kurongeka munyika. Vanoungana vari boka, voenda nezvokudya, izvo zvichakurumidza kudyiwa panzvimbo inomira pedyo, iyo inowanzova nzvimbo yokupedzisira yenzira pfupi. Vanotora humwe hunhu hwevafambi - mabhegi, machisi, kambasi, zvimiti setsvimbo yekufambisa - voenda kwavanga vasati vaenda. Vana vanoda kunzwa sekunge vatanga rwendo uye kuyambuka muganhu wekufananidzira wenyika inozivikanwa - kuenda kunze "kumunda wakashama". Hazvina mhosva kuti igororo kana kuti kuchena kuseri kwechikomo chiri pedyo, uye chinhambwe, nemaitiro evakuru, idiki, kubva pamakumi mashoma emamita kusvika pakiromita. Chinokosha chiitiko chinonakidza chekukwanisa kubva pamba nekuzvidira uye kuva mufambi munzira dzehupenyu. Zvakanaka, bhizinesi rose rakarongeka semutambo mukuru.
Chimwe chinhu vana mushure memakore mapfumbamwe. Kazhinji pazera iri, mwana anogamuchira bhasikoro rekuyaruka kuti ashandise. Icho chiratidzo chekusvika padanho rekutanga rekukura. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga yakakura uye yakakosha pfuma, iyo yakakwana muridzi wayo ari mwana. Mukutaura kwemikana yemukomana webhasikoro, chiitiko ichi chakafanana nekutenga motokari kune munhu mukuru. Uyezve, pashure pezera remakore mapfumbamwe, vabereki vevana vanonyatsopfavisa ganhuriro dzavo dzenzvimbo, uye hapana chinodzivisa mapoka evana kuchovha mabhasikoro marefu muruwa rwose. (Tiri kutaura, chokwadi, pamusoro pehupenyu hwezhizha hwezhizha.) Kazhinji pazera rino, vana vanobatanidzwa mumakambani ezvepabonde. Vese vasikana nevakomana vanogovana chido chekuongorora migwagwa mitsva nenzvimbo. Asi mumapoka evakomana, mweya wemakwikwi unonyanya kutaurwa (kumhanya sei, kure sei, kusimba kana kusasimba, nezvimwewo) uye kufarira mune zvehunyanzvi nyaya dzine chekuita nezvese mudziyo webhasikoro uye nzira yekutasva «pasina maoko», mhando. mabhureki, nzira dzekusvetuka pabhasikoro kubva pakusvetuka kudiki, nezvimwewo). Vasikana vanonyanya kufarira kwavanoenda uye zvavanoona.
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemabhasikoro emahara evana vari pakati pemakore mapfumbamwe kusvika gumi nemaviri: 'kuongorora' uye 'kuongorora'. Chinangwa chikuru chekufamba kwerudzi rwekutanga ndiko kuwanikwa kwemigwagwa isati yafambiswa uye nzvimbo nyowani. Nokudaro, vana vezera rino vanowanzofungidzira zviri nani zvikuru kupfuura vabereki vavo nzvimbo yakakura yenzvimbo yavanogara.
"Kuongorora" kufamba kunowanzoitika, dzimwe nguva nzendo dzezuva nezuva kunzvimbo dzinozivikanwa. Vana vanogona kufamba nzendo dzakadaro mukambani uye vari voga. Chinangwa chavo chikuru ndechekutyaira neimwe yenzira dzavanofarira uye kuona "kuti zvese zviripo sei", kana zvese zviri panzvimbo uye kuti hupenyu hunoenda sei ikoko. Idzi nzendo dzine kukosha kukuru kwepfungwa kuvana, pasinei nokuti vanoita sevasina ruzivo rwevakuru.
Iyi imhando yekutarisa kwatenzi kwenzvimbo - zvese zviri munzvimbo, ndizvo zvese zvakarongeka - uye panguva imwe chete kugamuchira mushumo wenhau dzezuva nezuva - ndinoziva, ndakaona zvese zvakaitika panguva iyi munzvimbo idzi.
Uku ndiko kusimbaradzwa nekumutsiridzwa kwezvisungo zvakawanda zvemweya zvakasindimara zvakatosimbiswa pakati pemwana nenzvimbo - ndiko kuti, rudzi rwakakosha rwekutaurirana pakati pemwana uye chimwe chinhu chiri padyo uye chinodiwa kwaari, asi chisiri cheiyo nharaunda yepedyo. hupenyu hwepamba, asi hwakapararira munzvimbo yenyika.
Nzendo dzakadaro inzira inodiwa yekupinda munyika kune mwana asati asvika, imwe yezviratidzo zve "hupenyu hwemagariro evanhu" hwevana.
Asi pane imwe dingindira mune idzi "kuongorora", yakavanzwa mukati mukati. Zvinoitika kuti zvakakosha kuti mwana ave nechokwadi chekuti nyika yaanogara yakagadzikana uye inogara - nguva dzose. Anofanira kumira asingazununguki, uye kusiyana kwehupenyu hakufaniri kuzunungusa nheyo dzake huru. Zvakakosha kuti zvizivikanwe se "zvake", "nyika imwe chete".
Panyaya iyi, mwana anoda kubva kunzvimbo dzekwaanogara chinhu chimwe chete chaanoda kubva kuna amai vake - kusachinja kwekuvapo muhunhu hwake uye kusimba kwezvivakwa. Sezvo tave kukurukura nyaya yakakosha zvakanyanya pakunzwisisa kudzika kwemweya wemwana, tichaita kadiki kepfungwa.
Vanaamai vakawanda vevana vaduku vanoti vana vavo havafariri kana amai vachinyatsochinja chitarisiko chavo: anochinja kuva chipfeko chitsva, anopfeka. Nevane makore maviri, zvinhu zvinogona kutonetsana. Saka, amai vomumwe mukomana vakaratidza rokwe ravo idzva, raipfekwa pakusvika kwevaenzi. Akanyatsomutarisa, akachema zvaipisa tsitsi, ndokubva auya nenguwo yake yainge yasakara yaaienda nayo kumba, akatanga kuriisa mumaoko kuti apfeke. Hapana kunyengetedza kwakabatsira. Aida kuona mai vake chaivo kwete tete vemumwe munhu.
Vana vane makore mashanu kana manomwe vanowanzotaura kuti havafariri sei makeup pachiso chaamai vavo, nokuti nekuda kweizvi, amai vanova nenzira yakasiyana.
Uye kunyange vechidiki havazvifariri apo amai "vakapfeka" uye havana kufanana ivo pachavo.
Sezvatakataura kakawanda, amai kumwana ndiyo akisi iyo nyika yake yakamira, uye chinonyanya kukosha, iyo inofanira kugara uye kwose kwose ichizivikanwa pakarepo, uye naizvozvo inofanira kuva nekusingaperi. Kusiyana kwechitarisiko chake kunokonzera kutya kwemukati mumwana kuti achatsvedza, uye acharasikirwa naye, asingamuzivi pamusoro pemamiriro evamwe.
(Nenzira, vatungamiri vane masimba, vachinzwa sevana vevabereki, vakanyatsonzwisisa maitiro ehucheche mupfungwa dzevanhu vanozviisa pasi pavo. Nokudaro, hapana chero mamiriro ezvinhu akaedza kuchinja chitarisiko chavo, zviratidzo zvakasara zvekugara kwenheyo dzehurumende. hupenyu.)
Nokudaro, nzvimbo dzekuzvarwa uye amai vanobatanidzwa nechishuvo chevana chokuti, chaizvoizvo, ivo vave vasingagumi, vasingashanduki uye vanosvikika.
Chokwadi, hupenyu hunoenderera mberi, uye dzimba dzinopendwa, uye chimwe chinhu chitsva chiri kuvakwa, miti yakare inotemwa, mitsva inodyarwa, asi shanduko dzese idzi dzinogamuchirwa chero chinhu chikuru chinoumba hunhu hwechizvarwa. landscape inoramba yakasimba. Munhu anongofanira kushandura kana kuparadza zvinhu zvaro zvinotsigira, sezvo zvese zvinodonha. Zvinoratidzika kumunhu kuti nzvimbo idzi dzakava vatorwa, zvinhu zvose hazvina kufanana nekare, uye - nyika yake yakabviswa kwaari.
Kuchinja kwakadaro kunonyanya kurwadza munzvimbo idzo dzakapfuura makore anokosha ehuduku hwake. Munhu anobva anzwa senherera isina chinhu, anyimwa zvachose munzvimbo chaiyo yekuve wenyika iyoyo yemwana yaidiwa kwaari uye zvino inoramba iri mundangariro yake.