Wakafunga sei kutanga bhizinesi rako remafuta?
Pakutanga, takanga tisina pfungwa yekuita basa rekugadzira bota. Akazviratidza nemukana, achitsvaga mafuta chaiwo. Kubva 2012, takatanga kufunga nezvechikafu chatinopa muviri wedu. Takaverenga mabhuku akawanda pamusoro pezvokudya zvine utano uye takatanga kuzviisa mukuita. Imwe yemapoinzi ehunyanzvi hwedu hutsva hwaive hwekushandisa mamwe masaladhi matsva kubva mumiriwo nemakwenzi.
Taiwanzopfeka masaradhi nekrimu yakavava, mayonnaise yaitengwa kuchitoro, mafuta esunflower asina kucheneswa, uye mafuta omuorivhi aibva kunze kwenyika. Sour cream uye mayonnaise zvakabviswa pakarepo: sour cream yakanga ine powdery isingasviki kuravira, mayonnaise neE yakawanda muhutano hwakanyanya kuipa. Pakanga pasina kuvimba nemafuta emuorivhi: kazhinji mafuta emuorivhi anonatswa neanodhura miriwo anofananidzira. Pashure penguva yakati, takatamira kunogara mumakomo eKrasnodar Territory, uye ikoko shamwari dzedu dzakatipa mafuta esunflower akatengwa muchitoro chezvokudya zvoutano. Takashamisika zvikuru: ichokwadi mafuta ezuva? Saka nyoro, yakareruka, isina yakakangwa kuravira uye kunhuwa. Yakanyanya silky, ndaida kunwa zvipunu zvishoma zvayo. Vyacheslav akadzidza kugadzira bota kumba ari oga, kuitira kuti zvizoitika sezvatakaedza. Uye akaita dhiramu namaoko ake. Mbeu dziri mubhegi dzakaiswa mudhiramu uye mafuta akasvinwa kunze uchishandisa hydraulic press. Mufaro wedu waisaziva muganhu! Oiri, inonaka kwazvo, ine hutano uye yayo pachayo!
Oiri inogadzirwa sei pachiyero cheindasitiri?
Takadzidza ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro penyaya yekugadzirwa kwemafuta. Oiri inotsikirirwa pachiyero cheindasitiri nenzira dzakasiyana. Mukugadzira, screw press inonyanya kushandiswa, inopa yakakura mafuta goho, kuenderera, kumhanya kwekugadzira. Asi panguva yekutenderera kwescrew shafts, mbeu nemafuta zvinopisa nekukwesha uye zvinosangana nesimbi. Mafuta ekubuda atove kupisa zvakanyanya. Tembiricha inogona kudarika 100 degrees. Kune vagadziri vanoti vane hurongwa hwekutonhodza. Takaedza mafuta aya, uye achiri kunhuwa seakakangwa, zvishoma. Uyewo, vagadziri vakawanda vanogocha mbeu dzacho vasati vadzidzvanya kana kuti kudzidzvanya mumuchina chaiwo unogocha nokutsikirira. Chibereko chemafuta kubva kumbeu inopisa yakakangwa yakakura zvikuru kupfuura kubva kumbeu pakushambidzika kwekamuri.
Iyo inotevera yakajairika nzira yekubvisa mafuta ndeyekubvisa. Mbeu dzinoiswa muzvinyorwa, zvakazadzwa ne solvent (extraction petroli kana nefras), izvi zvinobatsira pakusunungurwa kwemafuta kubva kumbeu. Kuchera ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushanda yekubvisa mafuta kubva kune zvigadzirwa.
Inokutendera kuti utore kusvika ku99% yemafuta kubva kumbeu nenzungu. Inoitwa mumidziyo yakakosha - extractors. Mukugadzirisa, mafuta anopisa kusvika kune 200 C. Zvadaro mafuta anopinda mumatanho akawanda ekunatswa kubva kune yakanyungudutswa - kunatsa: hydration, bleaching, deodorization, kutonhora uye filtrations akawanda.
Chii chinonzi mafuta anokuvadza anowanikwa nenzira dzakadaro?
Mumafuta emiriwo, ane kupisa kwakasimba, makemikari ane chepfu anoumbwa: acrolein, acrylamide, mahara radicals uye fatty acid polymers, heterocyclic amines, benzpyrene. Zvinhu izvi zvine chepfu uye zvinokanganisa masero, matishu uye nhengo, uye zvinomhanyisa kuchembera. Madziro etsinga dzeropa ari pasi pesimba rawo anova asina kusimba uye asina kusimba. Inowedzera mukana weakaipa neoplasms (tumor) kana kutungamirira kwavari, inotungamirira pakuitika kweatherosclerosis yemwoyo nemidziyo yeropa.
Kana zvasvika pamafuta akacheneswa, kuchenesa oiri hakuvimbisi kubviswa zvachose kwemakemikari ese anokuvadza akashandiswa kugadzira mafuta. Mune mafuta aya, kuparadzwa kwakakwana kwevhithamini inobatsira uye yakakosha mafuta acids inoitika. Munguva yekubvisa uye kunatswa, iwo fatty acid mamorekuru ezvakasikwa chirimwa zvinhu akaremara zvisingaite kuzivikanwa. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo mafuta emafuta anowanikwa - trans isomers emafuta acids asina kubatwa nemuviri. Mafuta akacheneswa ane anosvika makumi maviri neshanu muzana emamorekuru aya. Transisomers haina kubviswa kubva mumuviri uye zvishoma nezvishoma inounganidza mairi. Panyaya iyi, munhu anogara achidya mafuta emiriwo akacheneswa anogona kukura zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana nekufamba kwenguva.
Vari kutinyengedza pamusoro pekutsikirira chando muzvitoro?
Isu taifarirawo mubvunzo uyu: nei yekutanga sunflower ichigara ichinhuwa semhodzi dzakakangwa? Zvinoitika kuti hongu, ivo vanonyengera, vanoti mafuta "anotonhora", asi chaizvoizvo vari kutengesa mafuta anopisa. Kana isu tikatora, semuenzaniso, mafuta ezuva, ipapo kuravira uye kunhuhwirira kwemafuta akaomeswa akaomeswa, akareruka, asina kunhuhwirira kwembeu yakakangwa. Mafuta ose anopisa ane kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kupfuura mafuta akadzvanywa. Cheese-yakadzvanywa mafuta akareruka, akapfava uye anonakidza mukugadzirwa.
Rota mbishi rakakodzera rinogadzirwa sei?
Mamiriro akanyanya kukosha ekuwana mafuta echisikigo ane hutano ndeyekusvina pamhepo tembiricha, pasina kudziyisa. Cheese-pressed butter inowanikwa nenzira yekare - nerubatsiro rwemiouki. Mbeu inodururwa muhomwe yemucheka, yakaiswa mubhodhoro, zvishoma nezvishoma kumanikidzwa kunoshandiswa kubva kumusoro uchishandisa hydraulic presses. Nekuda kwekumanikidzwa, mbeu dzakamanikidzwa, uye mafuta anoyerera kubva mazviri. Raw butter harina kugadzirwa zvachose uye hatishandise chero mapreservatives kuchengetedza.
Akawanda sei oiri anogona kuwanikwa kubva kune imwe oiri muchina?
Sezvo kubviswa kunoitika pasina kupisa uye nediki nzira yekunyora, huwandu hwemafuta kubva kune imwe dhiramu inowanikwa kubva ku100 kusvika ku1000 ml, zvichienderana nerudzi, mune imwe kutenderera kwe4 maawa.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira mafuta chaiwo akatsikirirwa?
Mafuta emuriwo akadzvanywa ane mavhitaminzi anobatsira, akakosha mafuta acids, chaiwo antioxidants, phosphatides, tocopherols. Sezvo maoiri asiri pasi pekugadziriswa, anochengeta zvese zvekuporesa zvimiro zviri murudzi rweoiri. Semuenzaniso, linseed oiri inobatsira kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwemasero membranes, hutano hwetsinga dzeropa, tsinga, uye moyo. Inobatsira paganda, bvudzi uye tishu elasticity. Pumpkin mbeu yemafuta ine antiparasitic effect, inokurudzira kudzorerwa kwemasero echiropa. Mafuta eWalnut anovandudza inzwi rose remuviri. Mafuta emisidhari anobatsira kusimbisa immune system. Sunflower ine vitamini E, iyo inodzivirira kubva pakukwegura kusati kwasvika. Black sesame mafuta inoshandiswa zvakasimba kudzivirira osteoporosis nekuda kwekuvapo kwe calcium uye phosphorus mairi. Zvakare, apricot kernel oiri nemafuta emuarumondi anoshandiswa pakutarisira kumeso uye kwemuviri, akasiyana marudzi emasaji.
Unosarudza sei vatengesi? Mushure mezvose, mbishi zvinhu ndiwo musimboti webhizinesi rako.
Pakutanga, pakanga paine matambudziko akawanda mukuwana zvinhu zvakanaka mbishi. Zvishoma nezvishoma, takawana varimi vanorima miti pasina mishonga yezvipembenene. Tinoyeuka kuti patakadana vagadziri vakasiyana tichibvunza kana mbeu dzavo dzakamera, havana kutinzwisisa, kuti titaure zvinyoro.
Pfungwa yezita racho yakatanga sei?
Muzita, taida kuisa zvinoreva chokwadi chekuti mafuta ndeechisikigo. "Mhoro Organic" mune yedu zvinoreva "Mhoro, zvisikwa!".
Ndeapi marudzi emafuta aunawo parizvino? Kugadzirwa kuri kupi?
Iye zvino tinogadzira marudzi gumi nemaviri emafuta: apricot kernel, mustard, walnut, sesame kubva kune nhema sesame mhodzi, musidhari, hemp, linseed kubva chena uye brown flax mbeu, hazelnut, almond, nhanga, sunflower. Mukaka rukato uye dema kumini mafuta achaonekwa munguva pfupi. Kugadzirwa kunowanikwa mumakomo ari pedyo neSochi. Iye zvino tiri kuwedzera uye kugadzirisa kugadzirwa.
Chii chinonzi mafuta anonaka? Chii chinonyanya kufarirwa?
Mumwe nemumwe anenge aine kuravira kwake kwebhota. Tinoda linseed, sesame, nhanga, hazelnut. Kazhinji, kuravira uye zvinodiwa zvinoshanduka nekufamba kwenguva, zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemafuta aunoda izvozvi. Pakati pevatengi, iyo inonyanya kufarirwa mafuta ndeye flaxseed. Zvadaro sunflower, sesame, dzungu, misidhari.
Ndiudze nezverineni. Ko mafuta anovava akadaro angava anonyanyotsvakwa sei?
Icho chokwadi ndechekuti ichangobva kudzvanywa linseed oiri isina kupisa kurapwa haina kuvava, asi yakanyanya kunyorova, inotapira, ine hutano, ine zvishoma nutty kuravira. Mafuta eFlaxseed ane hupenyu hwesherufu hwemwedzi 1 ine cork isina kuvhurwa, uye anenge masvondo matatu ane cork yakazaruka mufiriji. Iine nekukurumidza oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids, saka ine hupenyu hupfupi hwesherufu. Muzvitoro, hauzowana isina-inovava linseed mafuta isina mapreservatives kana iine hupenyu hwesherufu inopfuura mwedzi 3.
Ndeapi madhishi anoenda zvakanyanya nemafuta akadzvanywa?
Chokutanga pane zvose, nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze saladi, uye nemafuta ega ega, ndiro inonzwika nekunaka kwakasiyana. Zvakanakawo kuwedzera mafuta kudivi ndiro, ndiro huru. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti zvokudya zvatotonhora. Nechinangwa chemishonga, mafuta anonwiwa ne teaspoon kana chipunu zvakasiyana nezvokudya.
Iyo niche yemafuta chaiwo ari kuzadza zvishoma nezvishoma, makambani matsva akawanda ari kuuya. Nzira yekusvika sei panzvimbo dzekutanga muchikamu chakaoma kudaro?
Hunhu hwechigadzirwa hunofanira kunge hwakanakisa, ichi ndicho chekutanga uye chakakosha chinhu. Pakutanga, zvakatiomera kuudza vatengi kuti musiyano uripo pakati pebhota rakadzvanywa uye nei riine mutengo wepamusoro. Wese akaedza bota raw-pressed anobva atenga izvi chete. Vagadziri vemafuta mbishi varipo parizvino vanobatsirana zvakanyanya. Iye zvino vanhu vazhinji vanoziva nzira yekusarudza mafuta akanaka emhando yepamusoro, ivo vari kutsvaga mafuta ekudhindwa chaizvo pamuoki.
Vanhu vanoziva sei nezvako? Iwe unoshambadza sei mafuta ako? Iwe unotora chikamu mumisika, mhanyisa instagram?
Iye zvino tave kushingairira kutsvaga kushandira pamwe nezvitoro zvakasiyana siyana zvekudya, takapinda mukuratidzira kakawanda. Isu tinotungamira, taura nezve kuoma kwekugadzira uye mabikirwo anobatsira. Isu tinogadzira nekukurumidza kutumira muRussia.
Nzira yekugovera sei basa uye hupenyu hwakajairika mubhizinesi remhuri? Mune kusawirirana here mumhuri yenyu nezvebasa?
Kwatiri, kutanga kuita bhizinesi remhuri rakafanana yaive mukana wekuzivana zvakanyanya uye nekuvhura. Tinobata bhizinesi remhuri sebasa rinonakidza. Sarudzo dzese dzinoitwa pamwe chete munhaurirano yakavhurika, tinobvunzana pane izvo zvakanaka uye sei. Uye tinosvika kune imwe mhinduro inovimbisa, iyo yose inobvumirana nayo.
Iwe unoronga kuwedzera mutengo kana iwe unoda kuramba uri diki kugadzira?
Chokwadi hatidi chirimwa chakakura. Tinoronga kukudziridza, asi chinonyanya kukosha, tinoda kuchengetedza kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Kazhinji, uku ndiko kugadzirwa kwemhuri kuri pakati nepakati.
Vanhu vazhinji zvino vanoda kuve mabhizinesi. Ndeipi nzira yakanaka yekutanga bhizinesi rako?
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti chidzidzo chinobva pamwoyo, pane chido chechokwadi chekuita chimwe chinhu. Inofanira kufarirwa. Ehe, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti basa remuzvinabhizimusi rinopfuura maawa masere pazuva 8/5. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti ude basa rako zvakanyanya kuti urege kurisiya kana chimwe chinhu chikaerekana chatadza. Zvakanaka, rubatsiro rwakakosha ruchave mari inodiwa yekutanga bhizinesi uye kuenderera mberi nekusimudzira.