Pasinei nechitarisiko chayo, miti zvisikwa zvinogarisana nevamwe. Kutanga, miti inotaurirana. Ivo zvakare vanonzwa, vanodyidzana uye vanoshandira pamwe - kunyangwe mhando dzakasiyana kune imwe neimwe. Peter Wohlleben, sahwira wesango wokuGermany nomunyori webhuku rinonzi The Hidden Life of Trees, anotaurawo kuti dzinodyisa vana vadzo, kuti mbesa dzinokura dzinodzidza, uye kuti mimwe miti yakare inozvipira nokuda kwechizvarwa chinotevera.
Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nyanzvi dzichiona maonero aWolleben seanthropomorphic zvisina kufanira, maonero echinyakare emiti sevanhu vakaparadzana, vasina hanya vave vachichinja nekufamba kwenguva. Semuenzaniso, chiitiko chinozivikanwa se "kunyara kwekorona", umo miti yakaenzana nemhando imwe chete isingabatanidzi mumwe nemumwe ichiremekedza nzvimbo yeumwe neumwe, yakazivikanwa makore anoda kusvika zana apfuura. Dzimwe nguva, pane kupindirana uye kusunda mirazvo yechiedza, mapazi emiti iri pedyo anomira ari chinhambwe kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, achisiya nzvimbo zvine ruremekedzo. Hapachina kubvumirana pamusoro pekuti izvi zvinoitika sei - zvichida matavi anokura anofa pamagumo, kana kukura kwematavi kunovharwa apo mashizha anonzwa chiedza che infrared chinoparadzirwa nemamwe mashizha ari pedyo.
Kana matavi emiti achiita zvinyoro, saka nemidzi zvinhu zvose zvakasiyana zvachose. Musango, miganhu yemidzi yega yega haigoni kupindirana chete, asiwo inobatanidza - dzimwe nguva zvakananga kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwechisikigo - uye zvakare kuburikidza nemambure epasi pevhu fungal filaments kana mycorrhiza. Kuburikidza nekubatana uku, miti inogona kuchinjana mvura, shuga, nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri uye kutumira mashoko emakemikari nemagetsi kune mumwe nemumwe. Kuwedzera pakubatsira miti kuti ikurukure, howa dzinotora zvinovaka muviri kubva muvhu ndokuchishandura kuva chimiro chinogona kushandiswa nemiti. Mukudzoka, vanogamuchira shuga - kusvika ku30% yemakhahydrates anowanikwa panguva yephotosynthesis anoenda kunobhadhara mabasa e mycorrhiza.
Zvakawanda zvetsvagurudzo yazvino pane iyi inonzi "web yemiti" yakavakirwa pabasa reCanada biologist Suzanne Simard. Simard anotsanangura miti mikuru yega yega musango senzvimbo kana "miti yaamai". Miti iyi ine midzi yakanyanyisa uye yakadzika, uye inogona kugovera mvura uye kudya nemiti miduku, zvichiita kuti mbesa dzibudirire kunyange mumumvuri wakaoma. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti miti yega yega inokwanisa kuziva hama dzayo dzepedyo uye kupa sarudzo kwavari mukufambiswa kwemvura nekudya. Nokudaro, miti ine utano inogona kutsigira vavakidzani vakakuvadzwa - kunyange mashizha asina mashizha! - kuvachengeta vari vapenyu kwemakore akawanda, makumi emakore uye kunyange mazana emakore.
Miti inogona kuziva kwete chete vabatsiri vavo, asiwo vavengi. Kwemakore anopfuura 40, masayendisiti akaona kuti muti unorwiswa nemhuka inodya mashizha unobudisa gasi rinonzi ethylene. Kana ethylene ikaonekwa, miti iri pedyo inogadzirira kuzvidzivirira kuburikidza nekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemakemikari anoita kuti mashizha awo asafadze uye kunyange ane chepfu kune tupukanana. Iri zano rakatanga kuwanikwa muongororo yemaakasia, uye rinoita serakanzwisiswa netwiza kare kare vanhu vasati: kana vangopedza kudya mashizha emuti mumwe chete, vanowanzofamba kupfuura mamita makumi mashanu mudenga vasati vatora mumwe muti, sezvo haasati anzwa chiratidzo chekukurumidzira chakatumirwa.
Zvisinei, munguva pfupi yapfuura zvakava pachena kuti havasi vavengi vose vanokonzera maitiro akafanana mumiti. Kana ma<em>elms nemipaini (pamwe nemimwe miti) zvinotanga kurwiswa nemakonye, anoita zvinoenderana nemakemikari ari mumate egonye, achibudisa mumwe munhuwi unokwezva mamwe marudzi e<em>parasitic wasp. Mvuto inokandira mazai ayo mumiviri yemakonye, uye makonye ari kubuda anodya ari mukati mavo. Kana kukanganisa kwemashizha nematavi kunokonzerwa nechimwe chinhu muti hauna nzira yekudzivirira, yakadai semhepo kana demo, ipapo kemikari inogadzirisa inotarisirwa kuporesa, kwete kudzivirira.
Zvisinei, mazhinji eaya “maitiro” achangobva kuzivikanwa emiti anongogumira pakukura kwomuzvarirwo. Miti, semuenzaniso, haina mai miti uye kushoma kwekubatana. Miti midiki inowanzosimwa patsva, uye izvo zvisina kusimba pasi pevhu zvinongedzo zvavanokwanisa kumisa zvinokurumidza kubviswa. Kuonekwa muchiedza ichi, tsika dzemazuva ano dzemasango dzinotanga kutaridzika kunge dzakaipa: minda haisi nharaunda, asi mapoka ezvisikwa zvisingatauri, zvakasimudzwa mufekitori uye zvakatemwa zvisati zvanyatsorarama. Masayendisiti, zvisinei, haatendi kuti miti ine manzwiro, kana kuti kugona kwakawanikwa kwemiti kushamwaridzana kune chimwe chinhu nekuda kwechimwe chinhu kunze kwekusarudzwa kwezvisikwa. Zvisinei, chokwadi ndechokuti nokutsigirana, miti inogadzira microcosm yakadzivirirwa, yakanyorova umo ivo nevana vavo vachauya vachava nomukana wakanakisisa wokurarama nokuberekana. Chii sango kwatiri imusha wakajairika wemiti.