Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti)

:

• Boletinus lariceti
• Boletin larch

Psiloboletin imhando yefungi mumhuri yeSuillaceae. Iro monotypic genus ine imwe mhando, Psiloboletinus lariceti. Mhuka iyi yakatanga kutsanangurwa nemycologist Rolf Singer muna 1938 saPhylloporus. Alexander H. Smith haana kubvumirana nepfungwa huru yaSinger, achigumisa kuti: “Chero kurongeka kwerudzi rwePsiloboletinus kunozoitwa, zviri pachena kuti hapana mavara akajeka anogona kusiyanisa ayo genus anogona kuzivikanwa nawo pahwaro hwetsananguro dzeSinger.

"Larch" - kubva pashoko rokuti "larch" (genus yemiti yemiti yemhuri yepine, imwe yemhando dzakawanda dzemiti yeconiferous), uye kwete kubva pashoko rokuti "deciduous" (sango rinoputika - sango rinoumbwa nemiti inodonha. nemakwenzi).

Musoro: 8-16 masendimita muhupamhi, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka mienzaniso ine heti inenge 20 centimita inogoneka. Kana ichiri mudiki, ine convex, ine mupendero wakasimba, ipapo flat-convex; muhowa hukuru kwazvo, iyo cap edge haina kusimudzwa, inogona kunge yakaita wavy zvishoma kana lobed. Yakaoma, inonzwa kana yakanzwa-yakaoma, velvety kusvika pakubata. Brownish, ocher-brown, tsvina yakasviba.

Nyama mungowani: dense (kwete yakasununguka), yakapfava, inosvika 3-4 cm gobvu. Light yellowish, light ocher, rakachenuruka kwazvo, rinenge chena. Inoshandura bhuruu pakutyoka kana kucheka.

Hymenophore: tubular. Matubhu akakura, akafara, ane madziro akakora emativi, saka anooneka anoita semahwendefa. Dzinodzika zvakasimba pahunde, kwadzinorebesa, izvo zvinoita kuti kufanana kwavo kwemaziso kumahwendefa kuwedzere. Iyo hymenophore ndeyeyero, yakareruka muhuduku, yozoita yero yebrown. Nekukuvadza, kunyangwe kudiki, inoshanduka bhuruu, yobva yaita brown.

Kunetsana: 10-12X4 microns, cylindrical, fusiform, brown-yellow nemadonhwe.

gumbo: 6-9 centimita kumusoro uye 2-4 cm gobvu, nechepakati, inogona kunge yakakora pasi kana pakati, velvety. Muchikamu chepamusoro chiri chiedza, muvara we hymenophore, yellowish brownish, pasi payo yakasviba: yakasvibirira, yakasvibirira, yakasviba. Inoshanduka kuva bhuruu kana yakadzvanywa. Yakazara, dzimwe nguva ine mhango.

gumbo pulp: dense, brownish, bluish.

Mhete, chivharo, volva: Hapana.

Ravidza uye munhuwidze: howa shoma.

Inokura chete muhupo hwelarch: mumasango ane larch uye masango akavhenganiswa nekuvapo kwebirch, aspen, pasi pelarch.

Peak fruiting iri muna August-September. Iyo inozivikanwa chete muNyika Yedu, inowanikwa kuMadokero nekuMabvazuva kweSiberia, iyo Amur Region, iyo Khabarovsk Territory, kuFar East, inobereka michero kazhinji kazhinji uye yakawanda paSakhalin, iyo inonzi "Larch Mokhovik" kana kungoti " Mokhovik".

Howa hunodyiwa, hapana humbowo hwehupfu. Inoshandiswa kugadzirira soups, salads, second courses. Inokodzera pickling.

Nguruve yakatetepa mune mamwe nhanho yekukura inogona kufungidzirwa zvisizvo senhunzi yemoss. Iwe unofanirwa kunyatsotarisa iyo hymenophore: munguruve ndeye lamellar, mumienzaniso yechidiki mahwendefa ane wavy, kuitira kuti nekutarisa kwepamusoro vanogona kukanganisa nehombe tubules. Musiyano unokosha: nguruve haishanduki bhuruu, asi inoshanduka tsvuku kana matishu akakuvadzwa.

Gyrodons akafanana chaizvo Psiloboletinus lariceti, unofanira kuteerera ecology (sango mhando).

Mbudzi, inosiyana nemuvara wepulp munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa, nyama yayo haishanduki bhuruu, asi yakatsvuka.

Purposeful studies have been carried out, there are works on the thrombolytic properties of basid fungi enzymes (V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Our Country), where a high fibrinolytic activity of enzymes isolated from Psiloboletinus lariceti is noted. However, it is too early to talk about wide application in pharmacology.

Mufananidzo uri mugalari yechinyorwa: Anatoly Burdynyuk.