Zvinokonzera chirwere
Necrosis ndiko kumisa kusingadzoreki kwekuita kwakakosha kwesero, matishu kana nhengo mune chipenyu chipenyu, chinokonzerwa nekufurira kwepathogenic microbes. Chikonzero chenecrosis chinogona kunge chiri kuparadzwa kwetishu ne mechanical, thermal, chemical, infectious-toxic agent. Chiitiko ichi chinoitika nekuda kweallergic reaction, kusagadzikana kwekugara uye kutenderera kweropa. Kuoma kwe necrosis kunoenderana nehuwandu hwemamiriro emuviri uye zvakashata zvenzvimbo.
Kukura kwenecrosis kunofambiswa nekuvapo kwepathogenic microorganisms, fungi, mavhairasi. Uyewo, kutonhora munzvimbo iyo kune kukanganisa kwekutenderera kweropa kune kukanganisa kwakashata, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, vasospasm inowedzera uye kupararira kweropa kunotonyanya kuvhiringidzika. Kunyanya kupisa kunokanganisa kuwedzera kwemasabolism uye nekushayikwa kwekutenderera kweropa, necrotic process inooneka.
Zviratidzo zve necrosis
Chiveve, kushaikwa kwekunzwa ndicho chiratidzo chekutanga chinofanira kunge chiri chikonzero chekushanyira chiremba. Paleness yeganda inoonekwa semugumisiro wekusatenderera kweropa kusina kunaka, zvishoma nezvishoma ruvara rweganda runova cyanotic, ipapo dema kana rima rakasvibirira. Kana necrosis ikaitika mumucheto wezasi, zvino pakutanga inoratidzwa nekukurumidza kuneta pakufamba, kunzwa kutonhora, kuzununguka, kutaridzika kwekuremara, mushure mezvo kusaporesa trophic ulcers inoumba, necrotic nekufamba kwenguva.
Kuipa kwechimiro chemuviri wese kunoitika kubva mukutyorwa kwemabasa epakati tsinga system, kutenderera kweropa, kufema system, itsvo, chiropa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kune kuderera kwekudzivirira nekuda kwekuonekwa kwezvirwere zveropa zvinosangana uye anemia. Kune metabolic disorder, kuneta, hypovitaminosis uye kushanda zvakanyanya.
Mhando dze necrosis
Zvichienderana nekuchinja kupi kunoitika mumatishu, marudzi maviri e necrosis anosiyaniswa:
Coagulative (yakaoma) necrosis - inoitika kana maprotein ematishu apeta, akakora, ooma uye oshanduka kuita huturu hwakakomberedzwa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekumira kwekuyerera kweropa uye kubuda kwehunyoro. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzvimbo dzematishu dzakaoma, dzakaputika, dzakasvibira kana grey-yellow muvara nemutsara wakajeka wekutema. Panzvimbo yekurambwa kwezvinyama zvakafa, chironda chinoitika, purulent process inokura, abscess inoumbwa, uye fistula inoita pakuvhurwa. Dry necrosis inoumbwa muspleen, itsvo, rukuvhute chigutsa muvana vachangoberekwa.
Colliquation (yakanyorova) necrosis - inoratidzwa nekuzvimba, kunyorova uye kunyunguduka kwezvinyama zvakafa, kuumbwa kwegrey mass, kutaridzika kwekunhuhwirira kwakaora.
Kune marudzi akawanda e necrosis:
Kurwiswa kwemoyo - kunoitika semugumisiro wekungoerekana wamira kweropa mukutarisa kwetishu kana nhengo. Izwi rokuti ischemic necrosis rinoreva necrosis yechikamu chenhengo yemukati - infarction yeuropi, mwoyo, matumbo, mapapu, itsvo, spleen. Iine diki infarction, autolytic kunyunguduka kana resorption uye kuzere kugadzirwa kwetishu kunoitika. Mhedzisiro isingafadzi yekurwadziwa kwemoyo ndeyekutyora kwekuita kwakakosha kwetishu, matambudziko kana kufa.
Sequester - nzvimbo yakafa yemapfupa emafupa iri mune sequester mhango, yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune ine hutano tishu nekuda kwepurulent process (osteomyelitis).
Gangrene - necrosis yeganda, mucous surfaces, tsandanyama. Kubudirira kwayo kunotungamirirwa netishu necrosis.
Bedsores - inoitika muvanhu vasina simba nekuda kwekudzvanywa kwenguva refu kwematishu kana kukuvara kweganda. Zvose izvi zvinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemaronda akadzika, purulent.
Diagnostics
Zvinosuruvarisa, kazhinji varwere vanotumirwa kuongororwa kunoitwa vachishandisa x-rays, asi nzira iyi haibvumiri kuona pathology pakutanga kwekukura kwayo. Necrosis pa x-rays inoonekwa chete muchikamu chechipiri uye chechitatu chechirwere. Kuongororwa kweropa zvakare hakupi mhedzisiro inobudirira mukudzidza kwedambudziko iri. Nhasi, yemazuva ano magineti resonance imaging kana computed tomography madivayiri anoita kuti zvikwanise kuona panguva uye nemazvo kuchinja kwechimiro chetishu.
Mhedzisiro
Mhedzisiro yenecrosis yakanaka kana paine enzymatic kunyunguduka kwetishu, kumera kwekubatanidza tishu munyama yasara yakafa, uye vanga rinoumbwa. Iyo nharaunda yenecrosis inogona kuwanda neanobatanidza tishu - capsule (encapsulation) inoumbwa. Kunyangwe munzvimbo yezvinyama zvakafa, pfupa rinogona kuumba (ossification).
Nechigumisiro chisina kunaka, purulent fusion inoitika, iyo yakaoma nekubuda ropa, kupararira kwekutarisa - sepsis inokura.
Kufa kunowanzoitika kune ischemic strokes, myocardial infarction. Necrosis ye cortical layer yeitsvo, necrosis yepancreas (pancreatic necrosis) uye. etc. - maronda enhengo dzinokosha anotungamirira kurufu.
mabatiro
Kurapa kwemhando ipi neipi ye necrosis ichabudirira kana chirwere ichi chikaonekwa panguva yekutanga. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza, kuchengetedza uye kushanda kwekurapa, chete nyanzvi ine ruzivo rwakanyanya inogona kuona kuti ndeipi inonyatsokodzera mhedzisiro inoshanda.