Polio: chii ichocho?

Poliomyelitis, inonyanya kuzivikanwa se "poriyo", chirwere cheporiyo hutachiona hutachiona izvo zvinonyanya kubata vana, uye kunyanya vana ve Zvishoma pane 5 makore. Hutachiona hunokonzera chirwere ichi chinotapukira zvakanyanya hunorwisa tsinga dzepakati uye hunogona kukonzera mumaawa mashoma, mune imwechete muzviitiko mazana maviri, kupora simba yokupedzisira. Chirwere cheporiyo chave chiri chikonzero chikuru chekuremara pasi rose. Utachiona uhwu, hunokonzera rufu muzvikamu zvishanu kusvika gumi kubva muzana zvekuoma mitezo, hunopinda mumuviri kuburikidza ne chakazara yobva yatanga mukati ura. Anogona kuzohwina musana or brainstem uye kukonzera kukuvara kusingagadzirike. Zvisinei, muzviitiko zvakawanda chirwere chinoramba chiripo asymptomatic kana kuti inoburitsa zviratidzo zvinyoro chete. Zvisinei, munhu anenge abatwa nechirwere ichi ane njodzi yekutapurira chirwere ichi kune avo vakamupoteredza nekuti poriyo inotapuriranwa kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu.

Kune marudzi matatu e poliovirus, utachiona hwemhuri imwe chete neavo vane furuwenza kana kuti hepatitis A, uye husingagoni kurarama kunze kwomuviri womunhu. Type 2 poliovirus yave kubviswa muna 1999. Utachiona hwemhando ye1 uye hutachiona hwemhando 3 hunoramba huchitenderera zvachose (= mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi). Utachiona hunopararira mutsvina uye hunogona kukanganisa mvura nechikafu. Nguva yekudyara inosiyana pakati pe9 ne12 mazuva.

Munyika dzakabudirira, poriyo yakanyangarika. Asi ichiri kuuraya kana kuremadza mune dzimwe nyika. Parizvino, chiito chepasi rose che vaccination inoitwa uye, ikozvino Afghanistan, Nigeria nePakistan chete ndidzo nyika dzine dambudziko (zvichienzaniswa nenyika dzinopfuura zana nemakumi maviri neshanu muna 125).

La vaccination ndiyo yega, kunyangwe inoshanda zvakanyanya, nzira yekudzora poriyo, dzimwe nguva inonziwo chirwere cheHeine-Medin kana kuremara kwehuduku.

Vanhu vane polio vanogona kukura makore gare gare chirwere chePoriyo (SPP). Inenge hafu yevaya vanenge vaporeswa yaizobatwa. Hapana kurapwa kunorapa kana kudzivirira kuneta, kushaya simba, kana tsandanyama uye kurwadziwa kwemajoini maitiro ePPS. Zvikonzero zveiyi syndrome zvinoramba zvisingazivikanwe parizvino. Zvisinei, vanhu vanayo havatapurirane.

Kuwanda

Nekuda kwekuedza kwekudzivirira pasi rose, nyaya dzeporiyo dzadzikira zvakanyanya. Nhamba yavo yakasimuka kubva kumatambudziko e350 mu000, kusvika muna 1988 muna 1625 uye 2008 muna 650. Pakupera kwema 2011, sarudzo yakananga kupedza polio kubva munyika yakagamuchirwa. Saka nekudaro, iyo Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative (IMEP) akaberekwa pasi pehutungamiriri hwehurumende dzenyika, World Health Organization (WHO), Rotary International, Nzvimbo dzekudzora nekudzivirira zvirwere (CDC), United States uye UNICEF. Mari dzakazvimiririra, dzakaita seBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, dzakabatsirawo kutsigira chirongwa ichi chekubaya vana vese kurwisa polio.

Matambudziko

95% yemakesi eporiyo anoratidza kusanetsas. Zvisinei, kana hutachiona hwasvika pakati penheyo system, a kuoma mitezo, nokuremara kwehudyu, zviziso zvemakumbo kana kuti tsoka, zvinogona kuoneka zvotungamirira kurufu.

Kuoma mitezo kunokonzerwa nepoliyo kunogona kuva kwenguva pfupi kana zvachose.

Mamwe matambudziko anogona kuoneka makore XNUMX mushure mekutapukirwa, kunyangwe munhu akapora. Zviri pamusoro chirwere cheporiyo.