Mukati
Raincoat howa ndewechampignon genus. Zvisinei, nekuda kwechimiro chavo chakasiyana, vanoonekwa zvakasiyana pane vamiririri vechinyakare vemhuri iyi. Kumusoro kwechivharo chemvura inonaya haina kuenzana, yakafukidzwa nezvidimbu zvidiki zvakafanana nema spines kana tsono. Nekuda kwekuti mhunga yakawanda yakaita sehupfu inoumba mufungus, inowanzonzi huruva, chipanje chefodya kana howa hwefodya. Mvura inonaya inowanzowanikwa mumasango uye inokura zvakanaka munenge chero ipi zvayo yevhu.
Kuchiwana kupi uye mumwaka upi?
Iyo puffball howa inowanikwa mumasango akavhenganiswa uye coniferous, pane patsangadzi, minda, kuchenesa, kumucheto kwemasango, uye kunyange mumapindu. Dzinokura mumapoka, asi dzimwe nguva zvienzaniso zvimwechete zvinomera. Iyo raincoat yakaita pear inonzwa zvakanaka pahunde inoora yemiti inodonha.
Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ehowa, puffball haina dzinde. Howa ibhora rakavharwa rewhite, yellow kana brown color. Mune mamwe marudzi, pseudopod inogona kuonekwa, iyo inenge iri chikamu chemuviri wefungus. Munguva yekukura, raincoat inozarura chikamu chepamusoro chevhavha, iyo yakawanda spores inosunungurwa. Mhepo inotakura spores kunzvimbo dziri pedyo uye kure, saka fungi dzinopararira kunzvimbo itsva.
Munzvimbo dzinodziya, raincoats inowanikwa pakupera kwaMay. Kazhinji vanonhonga howa vanohutora kubva munaChikunguru kusvika Gumiguru. Kuunganidza raincoats, zviri nani kuenda musango pazuva rechipiri mushure memvura. Chokwadi ndechekuti howa hwemhando iyi hunoita zvekutora mvura kubva muvhu. Pakarepo mushure mekunaya, mvura inonaya inoputika uye inoita sejelly.
Mhando dzehowa dzepuffball dzinodyiwa
Mvura zhinji inodyiwa. Zvisinei, pane zvakakosha nuance - howa inogona kudyiwa ichiri chena. Iyo diki raincoat ine kunhuhwirira kwakapfava, inoyevedza kuravira uye yakapfava chimiro. Mushure mekuchinja ruvara, raincoats haina kuunganidzwa.
hombororo
Iyo giant raincoat (lat. Langermannia gigantea) inowanzonzi golovach kana gigantic mushroom nekuda kwekukura kwayo kunoshamisa. Inokura muminda, mafuro kana masango ane miti. Pakati peRussia, rudzi urwu rwemvura inonaya haruwanzoitiki.
Huremu hweimwe yakadaro raincoat inogona kusvika 8 kg, uye dhayamita inogona kusvika 50 cm. Kunze, howa ibhora rakakura. Chimiro chinogona kupepetwa zvishoma. Ganda revhavha rakatsetseka kana rakafukidzwa neganda rakaita senge flake. Howa hudiki hwakachena muruvara, kana huchiibva, hunobva hwasviba. Chimiro chepulp chinoputika, chinyoro zvikuru.
yakaita peya
Pear-shaped puffball (lat. Lycoperdon pyriforme) yakawana zita rayo nekuda kwechimiro chemuviri we fruiting, wakafanana nepeari. Iyo howa inogona kukura kusvika 4-5 cm, uye muchikamu chakakura, dhayamita yekapu inogona kusvika 7-9 cm.
Muviri wemichero wepear-shaped raincoat yakafukidzwa neganda reviri, rine pfupi pseudopod. Iyo yekunze goko remudiki fungus ine ganda, prickly, creamy chena muvara, yakafukidzwa nezvikero, kuputika. Kana fungus yakwegura, maspikes anodonha, ganda rekunze rinotsemuka, uye ganda remukati rinova grey-brown kana yero. Mushure meizvi, ganda remukati rinovhura, rinovhara spores.
Iyo yemukati fibrous mass yechidiki raincoat inosiyaniswa neinodudzwa chena, inonhuhwirira kwazvo, asi insipid mukuravira. Nguva yekuunganidza pear-shaped raincoats inobva munaJuly kusvika munaOctober.
Minzwa
Prickly raincoat (lat. Lycoperdon perlatum) inonzi pearl. Mamwe mazita anozivikanwa anowedzera prosaic - tsono, blackberry. Iyo spiny mushroom haisi yakakura - inokura kusvika 4 cm kureba uye kusvika 7 cm muhupamhi. Chimiro che raincoat ine pear-shaped, zvishoma zvishoma.
Muviri wechibereko wakafukidzwa ne spiny kana warty membrane. Iyo puffball yechidiki ichena, kuita grey kana yepepuru-brown painokura. Kuchinja kweruvara kunoratidza kuti howa haufanirwe kudyiwa. Spiky puffball inokohwewa kubva kutanga kwaChikunguru kusvika kumazuva ekutanga aGunyana.
Golovach oblong
Golovach oblong (lat. Calvatia excipuliformis) inoratidzika sebhora duku, rakakwevera pamwe chete pasi. Iyo firimu yekunze inotsvedza pakutanga kutarisa, asi kana iwe ukanyatsotarisisa, unogona kuona madiki, matete spines. Muchena wemukati fibers inoratidza kuti mushroom idiki. Mune raincoat yakakura, ivo vakasviba zvakanyanya, vanenge vatema.
Golovach oblong inogona kuvhiringidzwa nenhema raincoat. Musiyano wakakosha ndewekuti howa inodyiwa yakafukidzwa netsono uye haina pseudopod.
Meadow raincoat
Meadow raincoat (lat. Vascellum pratense kana Lycoperdon pratense) ihowa muchimiro chebhora jena rine pseudopod yakaunyana. Sezvo mvura inonaya ichikura, ganda rekunze rinova dense, rinowana ruvara rwebrown. Meadow raincoat inogona kunzi miniature - saizi yayo inotangira kubva pa1 kusvika ku5 cm pakureba uye dhayamita.
Unganidza meadow mushroom pane yakavhurika lawn uye musango. Chete majasi emvura ane chando-chena nyama akakodzera kudya. Mukati mehowa hwakura mutsvuku.
[Vhidhiyo] Inobatsira uye inoporesa zvimiro zve raincoat:
Zvinoumba
Chidzidzo chekuumbwa kwepuffballs chakatanga mushure mekudzidza kushandiswa kwefungus muzvokudya. Mhedzisiro yezvidzidzo yakasimbisa kuti raincoat inogona kushandiswa mukurapa kwe:
Kuwedzera zvinhu zvinodzivirira zvemuviri.
Kukurudzira kwemaitiro emagetsi.
Activation yemabasa emwoyo.
Kuda kumisa kubuda ropa.
Migumisiro pamamota emarudzi akasiyana-siyana.
Iyo yakadudzwa yekurapa maitiro inopiwa neyakapfuma kuumbwa kweiyo raincoat pulp. Iine zvicherwa, mavitamini uye amino acids, antibacterial zvinhu:
Calcium yakakosha kune hutano hwemapfupa uye kuvaka masero matsva.
Sodium - inochengetedza acid-base chiyero, inomutsa enzymes.
Chromium - inobatanidzwa mumetabolism yemapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi, inobatanidzwa mukuita kwekudzivirira.
Iodine - inotsigira hutano hwetroroid gland, inovandudza maitiro ekuziva.
Potassium inodiwa kune hutano hwemoyo, tsandanyama uye tsinga dzeropa.
Iron chinhu chakakosha che hematopoiesis.
Fluorine - inokonzera kuwanda kwemazino enamel.
Phosphorus - inobatanidzwa mune mineralization yefupa tishu.
Molybdenum - inowedzera kuumbwa kweamino acids, inogadzirisa zvinokuvadza zvinosanganiswa.
Zinc - inodiwa kune hutano hwegenitourinary system, synthesis yebonde, anabolic mahomoni.
Rubidium - inobatanidzwa mune antihistamine reactions.
Phenylalanine - inotsigira hutano hwepakati penheyo system.
Cysteine - yakakosha kune collagen synthesis, bvudzi uye hutano hweganda.
Tryptophan - inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwe serotonin, inopa hutano hwepfungwa.
Methionine - inobvisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza, pathogenic microbes kubva mumuviri.
Vitamin D inobatanidzwa mune ese akakosha maitiro mumuviri kubva pakuchengetedza mapfupa emapfupa kusvika pakubata pamuviri.
B mavhitaminzi anodiwa pakuchengetedza nerve fibers, hutano hwemusana uye uropi.
Mavhitamini K, C, E, H, PP anobatanidzwa mune biochemical reactions mu synthesis yehomoni, enzymes, inokanganisa kunaka kweropa, uye ine antioxidant zvinhu.
Nekuumbwa kwakapfuma kwakadaro, 100 magiramu emvura inonaya mushroom akarekodha:
Squirrel - 4 g.
Zhirov - 1 g.
Carbohydrates - 1 g.
Iyo vhoriyamu imwechete inoverengera 27 kcal chete, iyo inoita kuti raincoat ive chikamu chakanakisa chekudya kwekudya.
Zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro
Yakaibva raincoats, pamwe chete neayo akaunganidzwa munzvimbo dzisina kunaka, mumigwagwa, pedyo nemafekitari. Howa idzi, dzakaunganidza chepfu, radionuclides, zvinokuvadza makomisheni, kuwana chepfu zvinhu.
Kushandiswa kwemvura inonaya kunopesana:
Ne allergic reactions kune chero mhando yehowa.
Vakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanoyamwisa.
Vana vari pasi pemakore gumi.
Vanhu vane chirwere cheitsvo.
Munguva yekuwedzera kwezvirwere zvegastrointestinal.
Nekusashivirira kwega kune chero howa.
Raincoats ndeimwe yehowa hunonaka uye hune muto hune hunyoro hwakanyanya, hunonaka hunoshamisa. Zvakaoma kudarika raincoats musango nekuda kwechimiro chavo chisina kujairika uye chitarisiko chinoshamisa. Paunenge uchinhonga howa, iwe unofanirwa kungwarira zvakanyanya kuti usapinze mhando dzine chepfu mudengu. Kune raincoats dzenhema dzisingaiti njodzi, asi dzisina kukodzera kudya.
Mienzaniso yechidiki inoshandiswa pakudya, umo nyama ine chando-chena muvara. Mvura inonaya yakabikwa, yakakangwa mupani kana moto, yakabikwa nemimwe miriwo, yakasanganiswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Mune marinated uye akaomeswa fomu, vanochengetedza zvakakwana kudya kwavo, mishonga yemishonga.