Kushungurudzika, denda remazuva ano, ndicho chipingamupinyi here kana iwe uchida kubata pamuviri? Nepo zvidzidzo zvichisimbisa kusimbisa kunetsekana kwekushushikana pakubereka, maitiro anobatanidzwa haasati anyatsonzwisiswa. Asi chinhu chimwe ndechechokwadi: kutora nhumbu nekukurumidza, zvirinani kugadzirisa kushushikana kwako zvakanaka.

Zvidzidzo zvinowanzo simbisa kusagadzikana kwekushushikana pane kubereka.

Kuongorora kukanganisika kwekushushikana pamatambudziko ekubereka, vatsvagiri veAmerica vakatevera mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemaviri evanhukadzi kwegore vaive vachitanga kuyedzwa kwevana. Vatsvakurudzi vaigara vachiyera miviri yekumanikidza mumate, cortisol (inomiririra kushushikana kwepanyama) uye alpha-amylase (kusagadzikana kwepfungwa). Mhedzisiro yacho, yakaburitswa mumagazini Kuberekwa kwevanhu, yakaratidza kuti kana ruzhinji rwevakadzi rwakave nepamuviri mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri, mumadzimai ane saliva yepamusoro-soro-amylase yekufungisisa, mukana wekubata wakadzikiswa ne12% nekutenderera kwega kwega zvichienzaniswa nevakadzi vane yakaderera nhanho yechiratidzo ichi ( 29).

Chimwe chidzidzo chakabudiswa muna 2016 mumagazini Zvinyorwa zveEpidemiology akaedza zvakare kuyera mhedzisiro yekushushikana pakubereka. Zvinoenderana nekuongororwa kwehuwandu, mukana wekutora nhumbu waive 46% pasi pakati pevatori vechikamu vainzwa kushushikana panguva yekuvhara (2).

Muvanhu zvakare, kushushikana kwaizokanganisa kubereka. Zvinoenderana nekudzidza kwakaburitswa muna 2014 mu Kubereka uye Kubereka, kushushikana kunogona kutungamira mukudzikira kwemazinga e testosterone, zvine simba pahuwandu uye mhando (kufamba, simba, chirume morphology) yembeu (3).

Iko hakuna kubvumirana kwesainzi pamusoro pemaitiro ekuita pakati pekunetseka uye kubereka, zvinongofungidzirwa chete.

Yokutanga ihomoni. Sechiyeuchidzo, kushushikana kuita kwechisikirwo kweiyo muviri iyo, kana yasangana nenjodzi, ichagadzira nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekudzivirira. Pasi pekunetseka, iyo hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland axis inokurudzirwa. Iyo zvino inoburitsa huwandu hwehomoni inonzi glucocorticoids, kusanganisira iyo yekumanikidza mahormone cortisol. Iyo inonzwira tsitsi system, yechikamu chayo, inokonzeresa kuburitswa kweadrenaline, iyo hormone iyo inobvumidza muviri kuti uzviise wega mumamiriro ekungwarira uye zvakanyanya reactivity. Kana dziviriro yechisikigo iyi iri kunetseka yakanyanyoshandiswa zvakanyanya, njodzi ndeyekuvhiringidza zvakavanzika zvehomoni, kusanganisira izvo zvekubereka.

• mumadzimai : iyo hypothalamus inovhara gonadotropin-inoburitsa mahormone (GnRH), iyo neurohormone iyo inozoita ichiita pane iyo pituitary gland, gland iro rinoburitsa follicle-inosimudzira mahormone (FSH) yakakosha mukukwirisa kweovarian follicles, uye luteinizing hormone (LH) iyo zvinokonzera ovulation. Kupfuura-kumisikidza kweiyo hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis iri pasi pekushushikana kunogona kutungamira mukuvharirwa kwekugadzirwa kweGnRH, nemhedzisiro yekuvhiya. Munguva yekushushikana, iyo pituitary gland zvakare inovhara yakawedzera huwandu hweprolactin. Nekudaro, iyi hormone inogona zvakare kuve nemhedzisiro pane zvakavanzika zveLH uye FSH.
• muvanhu: Iyo secretion yeglucocorticoids inogona kudzikisira kuchengetedzwa kwe testosterone, ine simba kune spermatogenesis.

Kushungurudzika kunogona zvakare kukanganisa kubereka:

• nekuve nekukanganisa pane libido, zvinogona kunge kuri pakatangira kuderera kwehuwandu hwekusangana pabonde, uye nekudaro mikana yekubata mudanho rega rega;
• mune vamwe vakadzi, kushushikana kunotungamira mukuchiva kwekudya uye kuwandisa, asi mafuta maseru anokanganisa hormonal balance;
• vamwe vanhu, pasi pekukanganiswa nekushushikana, vanozowedzera kuwedzera kunwa kwavo kofi, doro, fodya, kana kunyangwe zvinodhaka, asi zvinhu zvese izvi zvinoonekwa sekukuvadza kubereka.

Kushungurudzika manejimendi kunotanga nemararamiro ane hutano, kutanga nekugara uchiita zviitiko zvemuviri, izvo zvakanakira izvo zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinobatsira kune hutano hwepanyama uye hwepfungwa. Kudya kwakaringana zvakare yakakosha pfungwa. Omega 3 fatty acids, macarhydrate chikafu chine yakaderera glycemic index, mavhithamini eboka B, magnesium inonyanya kukosha pakurwisa kusagadzikana.

Izvo zvakanaka zvingave kugona kubvisa zvinounza kushushikana, asi izvi zvinosuruvarisa kuti hazviwanzo kuitika. Saka zvinoramba zviripo kudzidza kudzora kunetseka uku uye kurarama nako. Maitiro akasiyana akaratidzirwa kuve anoshanda mukugadzirisa kushungurudzika:

• rudekaro
• kufungisisa uye kunyanya MBSR (Kufungisisa Kunobva Kuderedza Kushushikana);
• sophrology;
• iyo yoga;
• hypnosis

Zviri kumunhu wega wega kuti awane nzira inoenderana navo.

Kushushikana kwakakosha panguva yekuzvitakura kunogona kuva nemhedzisiro pakufambira mberi kwakanaka kwepamuviri uye hutano hwemwana.

Ongororo yeInserm yakaratidza kuti kana chiitiko chakanyanya kunetsa (kufirwa, kupatsanurwa, kurasikirwa nebasa) chakakanganisa amai vane tarisiro panguva yekuzvitakura, mwana wavo aive nenjodzi yakawedzera yekuve asthmatic kana yekuvandudza zvimwe zvinonzi chirwere. 'Atopic', senge allergic rhinitis kana eczema (4).

Chidzidzo cheDutch, chakaburitswa muna 2015 muna Psychoneuroendocrinology, paakaratidza kuti kunetsekana kwakakosha panguva yekuzvitakura kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro akanaka ematumbu emwana. Mubvunzo: unovhiringidzika ura hwepamuviri, uine vana vachangozvarwa veamai vakashushikana, mabhakitiriya akashata Proteobacteria uye mashoma mabhakitiriya akanaka senge bifidia (5).

Pano zvakare, isu hatizive chaizvo nzira dzinobatanidzwa, asi iyo mahormone track ine rombo rakanaka.

Asi kana zvakanaka kuti uzive zvinokanganisa kushushikana panguva yekuzvitakura, chenjera kuti usaite vanaamai venguva yemberi vanzwe vane mhosva, kazhinji vatoshaya simba panguva ino yeshanduko huru yepfungwa inova nepamuviri.