Teratospermia (kana teratozoospermia) chirwere chembeu chinoratidzwa nespermatozoa ine morphological defects. Nekuda kwekuremara uku, simba rekusangana nembeu rinokanganiswa, uye vaviri vacho vanogona kunetseka kubata pamuviri.

Teratospermia is abnormality yesperm inoratidzwa nembeu ine morphologic defects. Aya abnormalities anogona kukanganisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvesperm:

• musoro, une nucleus inotakura machromosomes 23 ababa;
• iyo acrosome, diki membrane kumberi kwemusoro iyo, panguva yekusangana, inoburitsa ma enzymes anozobvumira urume kuyambuka pellucid nzvimbo yeoocyte;
• iyo flagellum, iyi "muswe" iyo inobvumira kuti ifambe uye naizvozvo kusimuka kubva kumukadzi kusvika kuchibereko uye ipapo machubhu, nokuda kwekugona kusangana ne oocyte;
• chikamu chepakati pakati pe flagellum nemusoro.

Kazhinji, anomalies ipolymorphic: inogona kuwanda, muhukuru kana chimiro, inobata zvese musoro uye flagellum, inosiyana kubva kune imwe mbeu kuenda kune imwe. Inogona kunge iri globozoospermia (kusavapo kweacrosome), kaviri flagellum kana kaviri musoro, coiled flagellum, nezvimwewo.

Zvese izvi zvinokonzeresa zvinokanganisa simba rembeu, nekudaro pakubereka kwemurume. Iko kukanganiswa kunenge kwanyanya kukosha zvichienderana nehuwandu hwehurume hwasara. Teratospermia inogona kuderedza mikana yekubata pamuviri, uye kunyange kutungamirira kukushaya mbereko kwemurume kana yakanyanya.

Kakawanda, teratospermia inosanganiswa nemamwe maspermatic abnormalities: oligospermia (insufficient number of spermatozoa-, asthenospermia (kukanganisa mukufamba kwembeu. Izvi zvinonzi oligo-astheno-teraozoospermia (OATS).

Kufanana nekusakwana kwese kwembeu, zvinokonzeresa zvinogona kunge zviri mahormone, kutapurirana, chepfu, kana mishonga. Iyo morphology ye spermatozoa ndeyechokwadi yekutanga parameter kuchinjwa nekunze kwekunze (kuratidzwa kune chepfu, hutachiona, nezvimwewo). Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye chikafu (kuburikidza nemishonga yezvipembenene kunyanya) kune mhedzisiro yakananga pane morphology yespermatozoa.

Asi dzimwe nguva, hapana chikonzero chinowanikwa.

Chiratidzo chikuru cheteratospermia kutadza kubata pamuviri. Ichokwadi kuti chimiro chechirume chisina kujairika hachikanganisa kuitika kwekusagadzikana mumwana asati aberekwa, asi chete mikana yekuzvitakura.

Teratospermia inoonekwa pachishandiswa spermogram, imwe yeongororo yekutanga yakarongeka muvarume panguva yekuongorora kushaya mbereko. Inobvumira kuongororwa kwemhando uye kuwanda kwesperm nekuda kwekuongororwa kweakasiyana biological paramita:

• huwandu hwe ejaculate;
• iyo pH;
• sperm concentration;
• kufamba kwembeu;
• sperm morphology;
• simba rembeu.

Chikamu chesperm morphology ndicho chakareba uye chakaoma chikamu chespermogram. Muchiyedzo chinonzi spermocytogram, mazana maviri embeu anogadziriswa uye akasvibiswa pamasiraidhi esmear. Ipapo nyanzvi yezvipenyu inozodzidza zvikamu zvakasiyana zvembeu pasi pemaikorosikopu kuitira kuti iongorore chikamu chesperm che morphologically.

Mhando ye morphological abnormalities inotariswawo kufungidzira kukanganisa kwe teratospermia pakubereka. Zvikamu zvinoverengeka zviripo:

• rondedzero yaDavid yakagadziridzwa naAuger naEustache, ichiri kushandiswa nemamwe marabhoritari eFrance;
• the Kruger classification, WHO international classification, ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose. Inoitwa pachishandiswa muchina otomatiki, iyi "yakaomarara" kupatsanurwa kunoisa atypical spermatozoa chero spermatozoon inotsauka, kunyangwe idiki, kubva pachimiro chinoonekwa sechakajairika.

Kana chikamu chembeu yakaumbwa zvakanaka iri pasi pe4% zvichienderana neiyo WHO classification, kana 15% zvichienderana neyakagadziridzwa David classification, teratospermia inofungidzirwa. Asi kana iri chero spermatic abnormality, yechipiri kana yechitatu spermogram ichaitwa mwedzi mitatu yakaparadzana (nguva ye spermatogenesis cycle iri mazuva makumi manomwe nemana) kuitira kuti iongororwe zvakasimba, kunyanya sezvo zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinogona kukanganisa sperm morphology. nguva yakareba yekuzvinyima, kugara uchidya cannabis, feverish episode, nezvimwewo).

A migration-survival test (TMS) inowanzopedza kuongororwa. Inoita kuti zvikwanise kuve nekuongororwa kwenhamba ye spermatozoa inokwanisa kuguma muchibereko uye inokwanisa kuisa iyo oocyte.

Tsika yeurume inowanzobatanidzwa nespermogram kuitira kuona hutachiona hunogona kuchinja spermatogenesis uye kutungamirira kune morphological defects yembeu.

Kana hutachiona hunowanikwa panguva yeurume hutsika, kurapwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuchapihwa. Kana kuratidzwa kune dzimwe chepfu (fodya, zvinodhaka, doro, mishonga) inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo inokonzera teratospermia, kubviswa kwehupfu kuchava danho rokutanga mukutarisira.

Asi dzimwe nguva hapana chikonzero chinowanikwa uye kushandiswa kweART kunopihwa kune vaviri. Kuwanda kwespermatozoon yechimiro chakajairika chiri chiratidziro chakanaka chekugona kubereka kwespermatozoon, inoumba chinhu chesarudzo, kunyanya bvunzo yekufamba-kupona, mukusarudza kwehunyanzvi hweART: intra- insemination. uterine (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF) kana in vitro fertilization ine intracytoplasmic jekiseni (IVF-ICSI).