Iyo appendix, inonziwo ileocecal appendix kana vermiform appendage, kukura kudiki kunowanikwa muura hombe. Ichi chinhu chinonyanya kuzivikanwa kuva nzvimbo ye appendicitis, kuzvimba kunoda kubviswa kwe appendix nekuvhiya (appendectomy).

Anatomical nzvimbo

Apendix iri a kukura kudiki kwe mapofu, chikamu chekutanga chedumbu guru. Iyo caecum inotevera ura hudiki, kwainobatanidzwa neiyoocecal valve. Iyo appendix iri padyo nevharuvhu iyi, nekudaro zita rayo rekuti ileo-cecal appendix.

Appendikisi nzvimbo

Kazhinji, zvinonzi appendix iri pazasi peguvhu. Zvisinei, nzvimbo yaro inogona kusiyana, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuongorora appendicitis. Mudumbu, kukura uku kunogona kutora zvinzvimbo zvakawanda :

• a sub-cecal poition, yakatwasuka uye pazasi pececum;
• nzvimbo yepakati-caecal, ichinyura zvishoma pasi;
• nzvimbo ye retro-cecal, kureba uye kumashure kwecaecum.

tsvaka

Iyo appendix inoratidzwa se a homwe homwe. Saizi yaro inosiyana-siyana nehurefu huri pakati pe2 ne12 centimita uye dhayamita iri pakati pe4 ne8 millimeters. Chimiro chekukura uku chinowanzofananidzwa neicho chehonye, ​​saka zita rayo revermiform appendage.

Kusvika iye zvino, basa re appendix harina kunyatsonzwisiswa. Maererano nevamwe vatsvakurudzi, kukura uku kunogona kusabatsira mumuviri. Zvisinei, mamwe mafungiro akaiswa mberi nevatsvakurudzi. Maererano nebasa ravo, kukura uku kunogona kuita basa rekudzivirira kwemuviri.

Basa mukudzivirira

Maererano nedzimwe ongororo, appendikisi inogona kupindira mune immune system kuti kusimbisa kudzivirira kwemuviri. Mimwe mhedzisiro yesainzi inoratidza kuti ma immunoglobulins (antibodies) anogona kugadzirwa muappendix. Muna 2007, vaongorori veDuke University Medical Center vakaisa imwe tsananguro. Maererano nemigumisiro yavo, appendix yaizoisa maruva ebhakitiriya anobatsira ayo aizochengetwa kuti apindure kune zvakanyanya kusadya. Zvakangodaro, basa rekudzivirira remuviri re appendix richiri gakava nhasi mukati mesaenzi nharaunda.

Appendicitis

Inofambirana nea kuzvimba kwe appendix. Appendicitis inowanzokonzerwa nekuvharika mu appendix netsvina kana zvinhu zvekunze. Kuvhiringidza uku kunogonawo kufarirwa nekushandurwa kwemukati wemukati kana kukura kwebundu pazasi pe appendix. Inobatsira kukura kwe microbial, chipingamupinyi ichi chinokonzeresa kuzvimba, izvo zvinogona kuzviratidza nezviratidzo zvakasiyana:

• kurwadziwa mudumbu pedyo neguvhu, izvo zvinowanzowedzera kuwedzera nemaawa;
• kuvhiringidzika kwekudya, izvo dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuitika nenzira yekunyunyuta, kurutsa kana kuvhara;
• fivha yakapfava, inoitika mune dzimwe nguva.

Appendicitis inoda kurapwa nokukurumidza nokuti inogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko makuru akadai se peritonitis (kuzvimba kwe peritoneum) kana sepsis (generalized infection). Kuzvimba uku kunoitika kunyanya muvanhu vari pasi pemakore makumi matatukurapwa kazhinji kazhinji.

Appendicectomie

Kurapa kwe appendicitis kunoda kuvhiyiwa kwekukurumidzira: appendectomy. Izvi zvinosanganisira bvisa apendix kudzivirira kutapukira mumuviri. Zvakajairwa, kuvhiya uku kunomiririra paavhareji 30% yekuvhiya kunoitwa padumbu muFrance. Inogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana:

• kazhinji, nekuita incision yemasendimita mashoma pedyo neguvhu, iyo inobvumira kupinda kune appendix;
• nelaparoscopy kana kuti laparoscopy, nekuita zvidimbu zvitatu zvemamilimita mashoma mudumbu, izvo zvinobvumira kuiswa kwekamera kutungamirira zviito zvechiremba.

Appendicitis yakaoma kuongorora. Muchiitiko chekusava nechokwadi, zvinokurudzirwa kutsvaga mazano ekurapa nokukurumidza. An appendectomy inowanzokurudzirwa kuti ibvise njodzi yezvinetso.

Kuongorora kwepanyama

Kuongororwa kweappendicitis kunotanga nekuongororwa kwezviratidzo zvinoonekwa.

Kuongorora kwechiremba

Kuongororwa ropa kunogona kuitwa kutsvaga zviratidzo zvehutachiona.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo

Kudzamisa kuongororwa, appendix inogona kucherechedzwa nemaitiro ekurapa ekufungidzira akadai sedumbu CT scan kana abdominopelvic MRI.

Tsvagiridzo pane apendix ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma sezvo kukura uku kusipo mune dzimwe mhuka dzinoyamwisa. Kunyange zvazvo fungidziro dzinoverengeka dzichiiswa mberi, basa chairo reapendikisi harisati razivikanwa.