Tsika yechikadzi (arteri, kubva kuLatin arteria, kubva kuGreek arteria, femoral, kubva kuzasi yechiLatin femoralis) ndeimwe yematsinga makuru emakumbo ezasi.

nzvimbo. Zviviri munhamba, tsinga dzechikadzi dziri mumakumbo ezasi, uye kunyanya pakati pehudyu nemabvi (1).

mavambo. Tsinga yemukadzi inotevedza tsinga yekunze iri pahudyu (1).

Nzira. Mushonga wechikadzi unopfuura nepakati petatu revakadzi, rinoumbwa muchikamu ne inguinal ligament. Inowedzera kuburikidza nemugero weadductor, uchiwedzera pamwe chete nefupa remukadzi kubva pamakumbo matatu kusvika kune adductor tendon hiatus (1) (2).

Kuguma. Chikadzi chechikadzi chinoguma uye chinowedzerwa nepopliteal arteri kubva tendon hiatus ye adductor (1).

Matavi etsinga yemukadzi. Munzira yayo, tsinga yemukadzi inobereka matavi akasiyana (2):

• Iyo yepamusoro epigastric artery inotangira pasi pe inguinal ligament, yozokwira.
• Iyo inonyadzisa yekunze arteri inoenda kune ganda re inguinal region. Vanofambawo pamwero wemboro yemboro muvakadzi, uye muscrotum muvarume.
• Iyo yepamusoro iliac circumflex artery inomhanya yakananga kuganda rehudyu, uye kunyanya munharaunda yeiliac musana.
• Iyo yakadzika femoral artery inosimuka inosvika 5cm kubva pa inguinal ligament uye inomiririra iyo inonyanya kukosha bazi reiyo femoral artery. Inobva yapa matavi akati wandei: iyo yepakati circumflex artery yechidya, lateral circumflex artery yechidya, uye matatu kusvika mana mamwe tsinga dzinoboora.
• Iyo inodzika arteri yemabvi inotangira mukati memugero weadductor uye inofamba kusvika pamwero wemabvi uye rutivi rwepakati pegumbo.

Kudiridza. Iyo femoral artery inobvumira vascularization yezvimiro zvakawanda mukati mehudyu nemakumbo ezasi, uye kunyanya muhudyu.

Pathologies inokanganisa tsinga yevakadzi inogona kukonzera marwadzo mumakumbo ezasi.

Arteritis yemakumbo ezasi. Arteritis yemakumbo ezasi inoenderana nekushandurwa kwemadziro etsinga, kusanganisira iyo yeropa remukadzi (3). Iyi pathology inokonzera kuvharika kwetsinga inokonzera kuderera kwekupa kweropa uye oksijeni. Zvivako hazvina kudiridzwa zvakanaka uye mhasuru hadzina oxygen. Izvi zvinonzi ischemia. Arteritis inowanzokonzerwa nekuiswa kwecholesterol nekuumbwa kweplaques, atheromas. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuzvimba kuita: atherosclerosis. Aya maitiro ekuzvimba anogona kusvika kumasero matsvuku eropa uye kukonzera thrombosis.

Thrombosis. Iyi pathology inoenderana nekuumbwa kwekuvhara ropa mumudziyo weropa. Kana chirwere ichi chakanganisa tsinga, inonzi arterial thrombosis.

Arterial neBP. Iyi pathology inoenderana nekudzvinyirira kwakanyanya kweropa pamadziro etsinga, kuitika kunyanya pamwero weiyo femoral artery. Inogona kuwedzera njodzi yechirwere chevascular (4).

Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Zvichienderana nechirwere chinowanikwa, mamwe mishonga inogona kurongerwa, kunyanya kuderedza ropa.

Thrombolyse. Inoshandiswa panguva yekurohwa, kurapwa uku kunosanganisira kupwanya iyo thrombi, kana kuwanda kweropa, nerubatsiro rwemishonga.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nechirwere chakaonekwa uye kushanduka kwayo, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kudiwa. Pakaitika arteritis, kusungirirwa kwetsinga yevakadzi kunogona, semuenzaniso, kuitirwa kumisa kwechinguva kubuda kweropa mutsinga (2).

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuitira kuti uone uye kuongorora marwadzo anoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. X-ray, CT, CT, uye arteriography bvunzo dzinogona kushandiswa kusimbisa kana kuwedzera kuongororwa.

Doppler ultrasound. Iyi chaiyo ultrasound inoita kuti zvikwanise kucherechedza kuyerera kweropa.

Muchiitiko che arteritis, kusungirirwa kwechikadzi chechikadzi kunogona kuitwa kumisa kwekanguva kutenderera mutsinga (2). Shoko rekuti “clamping” rinobva pashoko reChirungu rekuti “clamp” richireva simbi yekuvhiya inoshandiswa muchirongwa ichi.