Mukati
Dambudziko rehuremu hwakawandisa ratambudza vanhu kwenguva yakareba. Chishuvo chokufadza vamwe, kuva mukwikwidzi akakodzera nokuda kwomwoyo wevatano yakasiana kwakanga kuchisunda varume navakadzi mumarudzi ose emiedzo pamuviri. Ndezvipi zvekudya zvakamboshanda, uye ndezvipi zvekudya zvaive nengozi uye zvakanyanya?
Kare, zvinetso zvakadai sokurema zvakapfurikidza zvaiva zvishoma. Asi pashure pehondo dzenyika, apo upenyu hwakava kuguta nokusiyana-siyana, kwakaoneka chinhu chakadai sokuzara uye kufutisa.
Murume akanaka anofanira kunge ari mukuru ...
Nyaya idzi dzose pamusoro pechiChinese chekare, chiIndia, chikafu cheEgypt - kwete kupfuura kugadzirwa kwevatengesi. Kushaikwa kwemidziyo uye mararamiro echinyakare zvakaita kuti vanhu vekare vafambe, vafambe, uye vagare vachitsvaga chikafu vakazvimirira. Pakanga pasina shuga - ichauya gare gare, kutanga nzimbe kubva kuCaribbean Islands, uye gare gare beet. Kune dessert, vanhu vanodya uchi uye michero yakaomeswa.
Uye kuperera munguva dzekare kwaionekwa sechiratidzo chebudiriro, upfumi pane kumwe kukanganisa. Pakanga pasina magazini anopenya ane mhando dzakatetepa, dzinoraira fashoni. Madzishe nevemhuri yehumambo vaidyiswa uye vakachengetedzwa kubva mukurovedzera muviri.
Semuenzaniso, Catherine II, nekuda kwekuonda kwake kwakanyanya, aifanira kuzvimanikidza kudya kuti aenderane nechimiro chevaroora vaMambo, uye achingowedzera mapaundi mashoma, akauya kudare ndokuroora mambo. Uye rangarira maIndia kana kuti vatambi veEgipita, dumbu, uye zvidya zvagara zviri zvemipimo yakati kuti.
….asi kwete zvakare
Direction dietetics yakaonekwa panguva yeHippocrates, Avicenna akaenderera mberi. Kudya uye pakutanga yaive chikamu chekurapa, kwete kune mutete muviri.
Asi kudya kwaiva nzira yekubvisa mamwe mapaundi - hazvishamisi - akauya mupfungwa dzemunhu anotambura nekurema. Muna 1087, William Mukundi akasarudza panzvimbo yekudya kunwa doro kuti awanezve uremu hwake uye kutasva bhiza zvakare.
Muzana remakore rechi19 chete, dietetics yakatanga kutora simba guru neAmerican Laura Fraser's light hand. Laura, zvishoma zvekushongedza chokwadi, akaunganidza chokwadi chekuti madzitateguru edu akanetsekana sei nehuremu hwakawandisa.
Muna 1870, William Banting, mu "Letter on corpulence," anoita chirevo chakajeka pamusoro pengozi yezvokudya zvine shuga yakawanda uye starch. Kutevera kurudziro yake, anoramba chikafu chakafanana uye anorasikirwa nemakirogiramu makumi maviri. Pfungwa iri kupararira nekumhanya kukuru muUK, uye inotooneka izwi rekuti "Banting" - kurasikirwa nehuremu kuburikidza nekudya kunorambidza shuga uye starch.
Mushure memakore makumi maviri, nyanzvi yekemesitiri Wilbur Atwater "anopatsanura" pamapuroteni echikafu, mafuta, uye makabhohaidhiretsi uye anoyera ukoshi hwekoriori hweboka rega rega. Veruzhinji vanozove neruzivo rwekuti simba rinokwanisa kutakura chikafu chakawanda sei uye kuti simba iri rinoshandiswa sei.
Injini yemafuta, arsenic, silika - chikafu zvakare
Muna 1896, maturusi ekutanga ekudzikira uremu aingove malaxative uye diuretics asi aive pakati pawo uye zvinhu zvakaita se arsenic, washing soda, strychnine, uye zvimwe zvine ngozi. Mari dzakashambadzirwa zvikuru, uye nokukurumidza, dzine kudiwa kukuru.
Muna 1900, vakaonekwa sechiratidzo chekutanga chekudya kwekudya kwakabikwa. Gerard Carrington anoshingairira kusimudzira chikafu, michero mbishi chete, nemiriwo. Uye American chemist Russell Chittenden anotanga kuyerwa kwechikafu mumakoriori, achitarisa kudya kwekoriori kumunhu wepakati.
Mugore rechi20 rezana ramakore rechi 19, masayendisiti akaona kuti varume vakazara vaigadzira mumafekitari, zvombo, uye kuva nehukama hwepedyo nezvinhu dinitrophenol vanokurumidza kuderedza uremu. Heino chinhu chinosanganisirwa mukurudziro yekurasikirwa uremu, uye kunyangwe nengozi yayo, hapana vanachiremba kana varwere vakavhiringidzika.
MuMarion chena muna 1843, zvakakurudzirwa kuti chikafu chicherwa chemafuta panzvimbo yemiriwo yenguva dzose, sezvo munhu uye saka usagaya haisi mupi wemafuta asina hutano. Zvisinei, nekuda kwehuwandu hwemigumisiro yegadziriro yezvokudya, ichi chishandiso hachina kunamatira.
Muna 1951 akatanga masiwiti akavakirwa pa saccharin. Diet desserts Tilly Lewis - puddings, jellies, sauces, makeke ave achidiwa zvikuru pakati pevaya vanoda kuderedza uremu. Nguva pfupi gare gare inoonekwa kune zvigadzirwa zveJerusaremaite kunyora, Batista. Yaishandiswa sechinotsiva mafuta faibha-artificial sirika - kuwedzera kunoshamisa kwechikafu. Nekudaro, vatengi vari munhangemutange yekubatana vanobvumirana kune chero zviedzo.
Mafuta kure!
Muna 1961, mafuta akaonekwa seasina kufanira uye anokuvadza zvakanyanya. Iva chirongwa chekutanga kuderedza uremu, izvo zvakakurudzira Jack Lalan zvinosanganisira maitiro ekuderedza uremu maekisesaizi, kudya kwakaringana, kusimbisa pamapuroteni, kutonga kwemultivitamin, uye kuburitsa zvinyorwa zvinokurudzira. Zvisinei, mushure memakore mashanu edhigirii, inoshandura zvakare kune mafuta emativi anodiwa mukudya kweumwe neumwe. Vanoti mabhenefiti emafuta akaguta, ane nyama.
Muna 1976, Robert Lynn akagadzira Dietary Supplement yekuderedza uremu, yakagadzirirwa kubva pamatehwe emhuka pasi, tendon, mapfupa, uye imwe tsvina kubva kune zvinonaka zvekugadzira uye dhayi. Ichi chishandiso chinotungamirira kurufu rwekurasikirwa uremu mukurwadziwa kwemoyo, uye pfungwa yacho inokundikana.
Muna 1980, pamasherufu ezvitoro, unogona kusangana nemazana emabhuku ezvekudya izvo zvine dzimwe nguva zvinosekesa zvinokurudzira kubva mukushandiswa kwedoro rakakura redoro kukonzeresa kusagadzikana kwechigaro neimwe nzira.
Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe, dambudziko rekufutisa kune imwe nhanho. Inoonekwa sedambudziko rinoda kupindira kwevanachiremba; unogona kuronga zvikonzero nei vanhu vakafuta.
"Idya zvakanyanya, uye kuderedza uremu" - yakanzi bhuku raDr. Dean Ornish, rakabudiswa muna 1993 gore. Yakanga yakavakirwa pamitemo yekudya: kunwa zvine mwero kwemafuta, kuverenga macalorie, kuvapo muhupenyu hwemunhu wese mutambo, uye inosungirwa kutsigirwa kwevanhu vanotambura nezvinetso zvakadaro. Iro bhuku rinova rekutengesa zvakanyanya, uye, pakupedzisira, indasitiri yekudya iri kupinda munzira chaiyo.
Uye gore rinouya, kune zvekuwedzera ekurasikirwa uremu zvichibva pachirimwa zvinorimwa asi zvine muchimiro chazvo andarine, izvo zvinozozivikanwa mishonga ine ngozi.
Kurwisana nehuremu hwakanyanya kazhinji kwaiva kusina musoro zvokuti nhasi zvakaoma kudavira kuti vanhu vanogona kushandisa nzira dzakadaro kuderedza uremu.
Zvokudya zvisina musoro zvakanyanya
- Iyo acidic kudya kwaIshe Byron
Ishe vakanyisa chikafu muvhiniga kana asidhi yakashandiswa, vachiidzikisa nemvura, vachitarisira kuti vhiniga ichapwanya mafuta. Akafa aine makore 36, uye autopsy yakaratidza kuneta kwenhengo dzese dzemukati. Muma'70s muAmerica, iyi asidi yekudya zvakare yakauya muVogue - kutsanya kwakakurudzirwa kunwa maspuni mashoma eApple cider vhiniga kudzvinyirira kudya. Nhasi zvinoratidzwa kuti mvura yakatora mudumbu risina chinhu, zvakanyanya kushanda pakurasikirwa nekurema kupfuura kushandiswa kweasidhi.
- Kurara kwekudya
Pane kuti ndidye ndaifanira kunwa mushonga wekukotsirisa ndonorara nekuti hope dzaisazonetsa munhu. Pasinei nengozi, kudya kwacho kwaifarirwa, uye muna 1976, Elvis Presley nokudaro anoderedza uremu pamberi pekonzati kuti apinde mumabhurukwa ake machena engano.
- Kudya honye
Mhedzisiro yekurasikirwa nehuremu panguva yekutapukirwa kwezvipembenene zvevanhu zvakagamuchirwa izvo zvinonzi-zvinodyiwa nehonye, chikafu chakakurumbira mumakumi maviri emakore ekutanga ezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri. Ndaifanira kunwa capsule isinganzwisisike, izvo zviri mukati zvakachengetwa zvakavanzika, uye kumirira chiitiko chinoshamisa. Piritsi yekutanga inotangwa mumuviri wehonye, yechipiri yakamuuraya (yaifanira kunwa kana uremu hwaidiwa hwave kuwanikwa).
- Nicotine kudya
Pakati pezana remakore rechi20, zvaibvira kuderedza uremu neutsi “kuva nomudzanga panzvimbo pezvinotapira.” Kushambadza kwakadai kwakawedzera purofiti yevakuru vefodya uye vachiri kushandisa nicotine resort vachida kuderedza uremu.