Takarongerwa mhedzisiro ine runyararo yekukonana

"Mushure mehondo yese inoparadza, vanhu vanoita mhiko kwavari: izvi hazvichazoitika zvakare. Nekudaro, kukakavara nezvombo nekunetsana kunoramba kuri chikamu chechokwadi chedu. Izvi zvinoreva here kuti chido chokurwa ndicho chido chedu chokuberekwa nacho? Mukupera kwema1960, anthropologist Konrad Lorenz akauya kumhedziso yekuti hukasha hunowanikwa muhunhu hwedu. Kusiyana nedzimwe mhuka, vanhu pakutanga vakanga vasina nzira dziri pachena (sekunzwa kana mazino) nzira dzokuratidza simba ravo. Aifanira kugara achinetsana nevaikwikwidzana naye kuti awane kodzero yekutungamira. Hutsinye senzira yehupenyu, sekureva kwaLorenz, yakateya nheyo dzehurongwa hwese hwemagariro.

Asi Lorenz anoita kunge asina kururama. Nhasi zviri pachena kuti kune yechipiri nzira inodzora maitiro edu - kutsvaga kwekukanganisa. Zvinoita basa rinokosha muukama hwedu nevamwe vanhu sezvinoita utsinye. Izvi, kunyanya, zvinoratidzwa netsvagurudzo yazvino pamusoro pemaitiro emagariro akaitwa neanthropologists Douglas Fry naPatrik Söderberg*. Saka, maape makuru madiki anowanzo kukakavara neavo izvo zviri nyore kuyananisa gare gare. Vakagadzira tsika dzakakosha dzekuyananisa, dzinovawo hunhu hwevanhu. Macaques ebrown anombundira sechiratidzo cheushamwari, chimpanzi dzinofarira kutsvoda, uye bonobos (rudzi rwetsoko dziri pedyo nevanhu) dzinoonekwa senzira yakanaka yekudzoreredza hukama ... bonde. Munharaunda dzakawanda dzemaprimates akakwirira kune "dare rekupokana" - "vayananisi" vakasarudzika kune kukakavara kunotendeukira kune rubatsiro. Uyezve, zviri nani zvakagadziridzwa nzira dzekudzoreredza hukama mushure mekupokana, zviri nyore kutanga kurwa zvakare. Pakupedzisira, kutenderera kwekurwa uye kuyananisa kunongowedzera kubatana kwechikwata.

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Michina iyi inoshandawo munyika yevanhu. Ndakashanda zvakanyanya neverudzi rwevaHadza kuTanzania. Nemamwe mapoka evavhimi-vaunganidzi, havapopotedzana, asi vanogona kurwisa vavakidzani vane utsinye (vafudzi). Ivo pachavo havana kumbotanga kurwisa uye havana kuronga kurwisa kuti vatore pfuma nevakadzi kubva kune mamwe mapoka. Kusawirirana pakati pemapoka kunomuka chete kana zviwanikwa zvisipo uye zvakakosha kurwira kurarama.

Hasha uye kutsvaga kwekukanganisa maitiro maviri epasirese anosarudza maitiro evanhu, aripo mune chero tsika. Uyezve, tinoratidza kugona kugadzirisa kusawirirana kubva paudiki. Vana havazivi kuti vangagara sei mukupopotedzana kwenguva yakareba, uye mutadzi kazhinji ndiye wekutanga kuenda kunyika. Zvichida, mukusawirirana kukuru, tinofanira kufunga zvataizoita kudai taiva vana.”

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* Sayenzi, 2013, vol. 341.