Iyo yakajairika bile duct inobatanidza gallbladder kune duodenum. Iyi yakajairika bile duct igero rine basa rekuburitsa bile muduodenum, nhengo inoumba kugaya. Bile nokudaro inoita basa rinokosha mukugaya. Iyo yakajairika bile duct, iyo saka inounza iyi bile kuchikamu chekutanga chemukati mudumbu, inoumbwa nekusanganiswa kweiyo yakajairika hepatic duct uye cystic duct. Kunyanya kukanganiswa kwebile duct imhaka yematombo enduru, matombo madiki aya dzimwe nguva anoumbwa nekuda kwekuvharika kwe gallbladder nematombo enduru, ayo anoita calcified kuita matombo.

Iyo yakajairika bile duct inoumbwa nekubatanidzwa kweiyo common hepatic duct uye cystic duct. Saka, iyo bile canaliculi, madiki ducts aya anounganidza bile anogadzirwa nemasero echiropa (masero anonziwo hepatocytes), anobatana kuita bile ducts. Zvekare, aya bile ducts anobatana pamwe chete uye anopa kusimuka kwekurudyi hepatic duct pamwe nekuruboshwe hepatic duct, iyo inobatana pamwe chete kugadzira iyo yakajairika hepatic duct. Iri ndiro rakajairika hepatic duct iro, rakabatanidzwa ne cystic duct, rudzi rwehomwe inobva mubilary vesicle, inozogadzira iyo yakajairika bile duct. Kubva kune yakajairika bile duct, bile ichakwanisa kupinda muduodenum, iyo yekutanga chikamu chemukati mudiki unotevera dumbu. Iyo bile inoburitswa kuburikidza neiyi yakajairika bile duct inozotora chikamu mumabasa ekugaya emuviri.

Physiologically, iyo yakajairika bile duct nokudaro inoita kuti zvikwanise kuburitsa bile kuburikidza nehepato-pancreatic girobhu muduodenum. Ichipinda mukati meiyi inoumbwa nhengo ye digestive system, iyo bile saka inozotora chikamu mukugaya. Kutaura zvazviri, nzira inotakura bile inovanzwa pachiropa inonzi main bile duct inobuda pachiropa uye inonzi common bile duct kana yabatanidzwa ne cystic duct, kureva iya yenduru.

Basa re bile mukugaya

Bile rinogadzirwa muchiropa risati ratakurwa kuburikidza nebile ducts uye rozoburitswa kuburikidza neyakajairwa bile duct. Chiropa chinoburitsa 500-600 mL ye bile zuva rega rega. Iyi bile inogadzirwa zvakanyanya nemvura uye electrolytes, asiwo ye organic compounds, uye kunyanya bile munyu. Iyi bile salt, yakambovanzwa muchikamu chekutanga chemukati, duodenum, inobva yava nemabasa anokosha ekugadzira mavhitamini e-liposoluble anonyungudika, asiwo mafuta anenge akabatwa: izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kugayiwa kwavo pamwe chete nekutora kwavo. . Mukuwedzera, iyo bile inewo bile pigments, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa uye chikamu chiduku chichabviswa kubva mumuviri kuburikidza nechitsiko.

Gallbladder contraction

Kudya kunoburitsa mahormone kubva muura. Mukuwedzera, dzimwe tsinga dzinomutswa (dzinonzi cholinergic nerves), izvo zvinoita kuti gallbladder iite. Izvi zvinozobvisa makumi mashanu kusvika makumi manomwe neshanu muzana ezvemukati muduodenum, kuburikidza neyakajairika bile duct. Pakupedzisira, iyo bile salt inotenderera kubva pachiropa ichienda muura uyezve ichidzokera kuchiropa kagumi kana gumi nembiri pazuva.

Mazhinji bile duct kusagadzikana mhedzisiro yenduru, iwo matombo madiki anoumba mu bile ducts. Pakupedzisira, zvitatu zvikuru zvirwere zve bile ducts zvinoonekwa: biliary retention, tumors uye matombo.

• Muchiitiko chekuchengetedza biliary, bile haigoni kuwana duodenum. Iyo inomira mune yakajairika bile duct kana munduru. Kuvharika uku kunokonzeresa kudzvanya kwakanyanya mu bile ducts. Izvi zvinokonzera kurwadziwa kwehepatic colic;
• Chiitiko ichi chekuchengetedza mabiliary chinogona kukonzerwa nebundu riri mubile ducts kana mubile re pancreas. Aya mapundu anogona kuva asina kunaka kana akaipa. Mukuwedzera, vanogona kukanganisa bile ducts kubva mukati uye kunze kwechiropa;
• Gallstones kukura mugallbladder kunokonzerwa nekuvharika kwegallbladder negallstone dope, iro rinoita calcifas roita hurungudo. Saka, lithiasis yeiyo huru bile duct inoratidzwa nekuvapo kwematombo mu bile ducts. Iyi gallstones inogona, kunyanya, kukonzerwa nekuonekwa kweinsoluble cholesterol munyu mu bile ducts. Dzimwe nguva gallstone iyi inotama ichipinda muhombe bile duct, yakajairika bile duct. Inobva yakonzera kurwisa kunorwadza, uko kunogona kuteverwa nefivha pamwe nejaundice nekuda kwekuvharika kweiyo yakajairika bile duct.

Kurapa kwe lithiasis kweiyo yakajairika bile duct kunowanzo itwa multidisciplinary.

• Kune rumwe rutivi, cholecystectomy (kubvisa gallbladder) inoita kuti zvibvirire kudzvinyirira kuumbwa kwematombo;
• Kune rumwe rutivi, dombo riripo mune yakajairika bile duct rinogona kubviswa panguva iyi cholecystectomy, kana kunyange mumazuva anotevera kupindira kwegastroenterologist, panguva yekuvhiya kunonzi endoscopic sphincterotomy.

Kubviswa kwe gallbladder hakukonzeri chero shanduko huru yemuviri. Mukuwedzera, hazvizove zvakakosha kutevera kudya kwakakosha shure.

A choledochal lithiasis dzimwe nguva asymtomatic: inogona kuzoonekwa panguva yekuongororwa. Kana ichikonzera kuvharwa kwebiliary, iyo inonziwo cholestasis, inokonzera jaundice (jaundice) pamwe chete nemarwadzo echiropa chechiropa. Kuongororwa kwechirwere ichi dzimwe nguva kunogona kufungidzirwa nekuongororwa nachiremba anovhiya.

Kuongororwa kwakadzama kuchadikanwa:

• Pahutano hwehupenyu, panogona kuva nezviratidzo zvecholestasis, zvakadai sekuwedzera kwebilirubin, gamma GT (GGT kana Gammaglutamyl-transferase), uye PAL (alkaline phosphatase) pamwe chete neye transaminases;
• The abdominal ultrasound inogona kuratidza kuwedzera bile ducts;
• An endoscopic ultrasound, zvichida yakabatanidzwa kana kwete nebili-MRI ichaitwa kazhinji, nechinangwa chekuona lithiasis uye naizvozvo kusimbisa kuongororwa.

Etymologically, izwi rokuti cholédoque rinobva muchiGiriki "kholé" rinoreva "bile", asiwo "nduru" uye "kutsamwa". Nhoroondo, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti muAntiquity, uye kusvika zvakawanikwa muphysiology yemunhu izvo zvakaita mushonga wesainzi zvechokwadi, yaive tsika kusiyanisa izvo zvainzi "humours" ina dzaHippocrates. Yekutanga yaive ropa: richibva pamwoyo, raitsanangura hunhu hweropa, hunoratidza hunhu hwakasimba uye hwakasimba, uye zvakare hunoshamwaridzana zvakanyanya. Yechipiri yaiva pituitis iyo, yakabatanidzwa kuuropi, yakanga yakabatana ne lymphatic temperament, inonziwo phlegmatic. Yechitatu yehusero yakatsanangurwa naHippocrates yaive yero bile, yaibva muchiropa, iyo yaisanganiswa nekutsamwa nehasha. Pakupedzisira, iyo dema kana atrabile bile, ichibva kuspleen, yakabatwa nemhosva yehunhu hwe melancholy.