Ndeapi marudzi emaruva aripo, kupatsanurwa mumapoka uye kupatsanura

Maruva ose akanaka nenzira yawo, asi imwe inomira pakati pavo, iyo yakanzi "mambokadzi webindu" kwemazana emakore akawanda. Mumwe munhu angasamuda, asi haasiye munhu asina hanya. Rozi runako runonhuhwirira runofukidza mamwe maruva ese ari mumubhedha wemaruva nerunako rwawo. Muchinyorwa tichaudza nhoroondo yekuitika, marudzi emaruva uye kuti ndeapi marudzi ekutanga nawo.

Haasi ese maroses ane capricious mukutarisira, asi izvi hazvireve kuti iri ruva rakanaka rinokura seuswa. Imwe neimwe yakasiyana-siyana inoda zvayo, kutarisirwa kwega. Huswa chete hunokura mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu. Asi rozi, zvakare, pakutanga rakamera musango. Asi zvinhu zvekutanga kutanga.

mavambo

Chinhu chinoshamisa ndechekuti marozi pachawo maruva asiri emamwe marudzi kana genus. Iri ndiro zita rakabatanidzwa remarudzi ese nemaruva eiyo rosehip genus. Iri kubva kumaruva emusango kuti mamwe marozi akabva. Mamwe marudzi akamuka nerubatsiro rwekusarudzwa kwechisikigo, uye avo vanokura mumapaki nemibhedha yemaruva - nenzira yekusarudza. Zvichida, hapana chirimwa chimwe chete chakaita kuti vanhu vafarire zvikuru zvokuti masayendisiti akaedza kubereka marudzi akawanda sezvaaigona.

Wekutanga kutaura kunaka kusiri kwepasi kwechirimwa ichi aive muzivi uye botanist weGreece yekare - Theophrastus. Akaita tsananguro yemiti yemusango neyemubindu, akatsanangura nzira yekuchengeta marozi nekurima. Ngano dzakawanda uye ngano pasi rose dzine chokuita nerozi. Kunyange Bhaibheri rinotaura zita rekuti “Jericho rose”, kunyangwe riine chekuita neruva ratinoziva.

Nhoroondo yese yekwakabva ruva rinoshamisa rine makore 5000. Nyika yechokwadi yechirimwa haisati yazivikanwa. Mamwe data anoti iChina, vamwe vanotaura Persia. Kwakabva rosi - masayendisiti haana kusvika pakubvumirana.

Nenzira yomuzvarirwo, ruva rakaisvonaka rakadaro raisagona kurega kucherekedzwa. Mhando dzemaruva akasiyana-siyana uye kunhuhwirira kwemusoro kwakakwezva vazivi verunako. Kubva panguva yekare, vakadzi vefashoni muEgypt yekare vakatora mabhati ane rose petals. Uye vaRoma vekare vakatanga kurima. MaGiriki akatanga kukura rosi kubva kuBronze Age.

Kana iwe uchizvibvunza mubvunzo wekuti "chii chinonzi rose" maererano ne etymology, ipapo zita racho rinotitaurira kumutauro wechiLatin. Mutauro wemazuva ano weRussia une mazwi akawanda akakweretwa. Asi rose muLatin (rosa) haisiwo izwi rakasununguka, asi rinobva mumutauro wechiGiriki chekare, kubva pashoko rokuti "rhodon" - "rose tree".

Kana iwe uchitsvaga mhinduro kumubvunzo: iro rose igwenzi kana muriwo, saka iwe unofanirwa kutendeukira kune tsananguro yebhotani, kana kuti tarisa kuWikipedia. Mamwe maroza anotaridzika chaizvo segwenzi, mamwe anoita semaruva akatwasuka. Rozi ndeye genus Rosehip. Muchitarisiko, rosi remusango igwenzi rinodonha. Saka marozi zvakare makwenzi.

Types

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeroses dzinosanganisira zviuru makumi matatu zvakasiyana maruva ane minzwa uye asiri minzwa. Asi kana zviri zvemhando, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kune akati wandei data. Imwe yemhinduro inopiwa neWorld Federation (kubva muna 30). Maererano naye, marudzi emaruva akakamurwa kuva mapoka matatu:

1. Wild, izvo, zvino, zvakakamurwa kuva kukwira uye zvinokambaira. Ivo vanoratidzwa neruva rimwe chete, kwete capricious care, kureba kubva 30 cm kusvika 2 metres. Izvi zvese zvinomera zveRosehip genus.
2. Vintage roses, iyo yakakamurwa kuva paki nebindu. Vakarimwa kusvika muna 1867. Vanosiyaniswa nekudzivirira kwakanaka, kunhuhwirira kwakajeka uye maruva anodzokororwa.
3. Modern - Aya ndiwo marudzi akaberekerwa artificially mushure me 1867. Iwo akakamurwa kuva mashoma mashoma: kukwira, mureza (shrub), hybrid tea, musk, etc. Mhando dzeroses nemapoka uye kusiyana kwavo kucharondedzerwa pasi apa.

Kurongeka kwemaroses panguva ino kunobva pamusimboti wekukamura kuita zvidimbu. Izvo zvakakosha zvinotariswa, uye kwete mavambo nemhando. Iko hakuna mhinduro chaiyo kumubvunzo: ndeapi marudzi eroses aripo? World Federation inotaura nezvevatatu. Kana tikataura nezve masubgroups, saka imwe data inoverenga 9, 12, kana kunyange ese gumi neshanu. Nezvose izvi, pane mamwe maitiro ekuparadzanisa:

• Maererano nechiyero chekukasharara.
• Muchimiro cheruva negwenzi.
• Nerudzi rwekukura.
• Nokutumbuka.
• Nekugadzwa.

Tsanangudzo pfupi yakananga yechirimwa: iro rose ndeyemhuri yerose, iyo rosehip genus. Mushonga weperennial herb, shrub type, ine kana isina minzwa. Roses hazvina kujairika zvese muchimiro chavo uye ruvara, uye mukunhuhwirira. Ingani marudzi emaruva aripo: anenge 30 zviuru. Asi nhamba yacho iri kuchinja nokukurumidza.

Chii chinonzi roses mumapoka:

1. Kukwira: akaberekerwa muJapan, ane madzinde marefu uye anochinjika. Nokuda kwekukura kwechirimwa, rubatsiro runodiwa. Character features: saizi diki yeruva, maruva ega uye anenge asina kunhuhwirira.
2. Paki: yakabva kune rosehip yakachengetwa. Vanosiyaniswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzemaruva maumbirwo uye kureba uye maruva ane maruva.
3. Waini: marozi ane kunhuhwirira kunonakidza uye maruva anoenderera. Rimwe zita reboka ndiro mureza. Siyana mune yakasimba midzi system, nyore kuumbwa. Makwenzi, zvakare, akakamurwa kuita 3 classifications: semi-kukwira - kureba kwegwenzi kusvika 3 m, kukwira - kusvika pamamita makumi maviri chakamonana - kureba kwegwenzi kunogona kusvika kusvika 15 m, makwenzi anodzivirira chando. Maruva - yakareba uye yakawanda, kubva muzhizha kusvika kune yekutanga chando. Muenzaniso wekukorobha rose zvakasiyana-siyana: Parkland. Inosanganisira maruva makuru echimiro chakanaka, mavara akasiyana-siyana uye kuramba kutonhora.
4. Multiflora. Pane rimwe zita - Patio. Inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzebindu. Kusiyana mukukura kwakaderera uye kureba kwemaruva.
5. Grandiflora. Batanidza nepaka roses. Yakareba rosewood ye hybrid origin. Zviratidzo: kushorwa nechando uye fungus, kunhuhwirira kwakasimba.
6. Hybrid tea. garden rose. Maruva ari muboka iri anowanzo kupiwa kuzvitoro zvemaruva. Inosiyana mumakwenzi akaderera, mashanga akasimba uye kushorwa nechando.
7. Floribunda. Yakaonekwa mukutanga 20s. Kureba kwegwenzi kunosiyana kubva 0,5 m kusvika 1,5 m. Inotumbuka zhizha rose nematsutso.
8. Climbers. Garden roses. Yakanyanya kufarirwa pakati pevarimi nekuda kwechando kuramba uye maruva anodzokororwa. Ichi chirimwa chine gwenzi rine simba uye anochinjika 5-mita nhungirwa.
9. Ground cover. Ndeemhando dzemhuka dzinokambaira. Kureba kudiki, asi kureba kwenhungirwa kunogona kusvika kusvika pamamita matatu. Iyo nhungirwa inogadzira rudzi rwekapeti yemaruva. Vanosiyana muchimiro chisina kujairika cheruva uye kupikisa kwechando.
10.  Мminiature (muhari). Roses akakodzera mabhedha maduku emaruva kana kudyara kumba. Makwenzi madiki ane mashizha matema. Inowanikwa kana isina spikes. Dzinotumbuka zhizha rose nematsutso.
11. Chirungu Kunyanya kunhuhwirira zvinomera zve hybrid mavambo. Iwo akakamurwa kuva 2 classifications: gwenzi uye kukwira. Simba midzi midzi.
12. Canadian. Roses ane mukurumbira pasi rose. Aya ndiwo maruva emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva pachiedza kusvika kune rima rakatsvuka. Kutumbuka: kutanga kwechirimo uye kupera kwematsutso. Haidi imwe pokugara munguva yechando.
13. Musk. Panguva yemaruva, kunhuhwirira kwemusky kunobva mumaruva. Inowanikwa nenzira yakasanganiswa. Humwe hwemhando iyi huri muchimiro chemaruva. Kureba kwegwenzi kunosvika 2 metres. Maruva anoshandiswa mumaruva nekushongedza.
14. Polyanthus. Inokodzera avo vasingadi spikes. Mumaruva emhando iyi, anenge asipo. Makwenzi akaderera, ane maruva maduku. Yakasimwa mumhando ipi zvayo yevhu. Asi pane chimwe chinhu chisingafadzi: kusasimba kwechirwere.
15. Kugadziridza. Inoratidzwa nekudzokororwa maruva. Yakaonekwa mu40s yezana remakore rapfuura muFrance. Vane kukwezva kwekunze, asi vane capricious uye vanowanzotambura nezvirwere.

Mamwe masosi anopawo mapoka:

1. Bicolor.
2. Inonhuwirira.
3. Kazhinji.

Chitarisiko uye chimiro

Rozi inoyevedza chirimwa pachayo. Vazhinji vavo vane minzwa. Kuvepo kweminzwa ihungira rekare, apo rozi raikura musango uye rakanga risati rachengetwa. Havasi vanhu vazhinji vanoziva, asi rosi rine michero mukuwedzera kumaruva. Ehe, maruva emusango anoshandiswa pasi rese, asi maroses epamba haasi kure kumashure. Semuenzaniso, michero yesinamoni rose inoshandiswa kune compote, jam kana jam.

Kuonekwa

Paunotanga kuona chirimwa, chinhu chekutanga chinobata maziso ako maruva neminzwa. Uye iro rosi rinotaridzika sei kana tikarifunga zvakadzama: ingave shrub kana inokambaira liana ine maruva. Iyo huru yehupenyu fomu ye rozi ndeye shrub.

mamiriro

Chirimwa chakarimwa chine chayo botanical features:

• Bush: nhete kana kupararira.
• kukwirira: zvinoenderana nerudzi. Tea-yakasanganiswa - kusvika 90 cm; polyanthus - kusvika 45 cm; muhari - kusvika 35 cm, nezvimwewo.
• Matavi: perennial, mhando mbiri: basic uye nekukura kwakakwana.
• Kupfura: years.
• Masamba: chimiro chakareba kana chakanongedza.
• Shamba: kureba kubva pa10 kusvika ku80 cm pakureba, mukukwira kusvika kumamita mashanu kureba.
• Ruva: kubva 1,8 kusvika 18 cm muhupamhi.
• Petals: kubva pa5 kusvika pa125. Mapeti mangani ane rozi zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwehuviri.
• Root type: tsvimbo. Diameter inenge 3 cm.

Pavanotumbuka

Iko hakuna mhinduro imwechete kumubvunzo wekuti rinhi roses rinotumbuka. Zvinoenderana nekusiyana. Mamwe marozi anotumbuka muchirimo nechirimo, mamwe kubva muchirimo kusvika matsutso, uye mamwe kubva muzhizha kusvika chando chekutanga.

Lifespan

Rozi inomera isingaperi uye, nekutarisira kwakakodzera, ichafadzwa nemaruva akasvibira kwemakore mazhinji. Hupenyu hunoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kupikisa kwechando uye zvimwe zvinhu. Wild rose mahudyu anowanzogara kwenguva refu.

Kuti rose rinokura sei zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekukura uye mamiriro. Kana mushure mekusimwa, zvino gore. Zvinotora anenge makore matatu kuti uwane gwenzi rakasvibira.

Curly marudzi anorarama kusvika kumakore zana, anowanikwa nekubatanidza - kusvika ku100, achikura nemidzi yawo - anenge 10. Hupenyu hwepakati hwe rose makore 15-20.

Ndeupi ruvara

Kana iwe usingazivi kuti mavara emaruva ndeapi, unofanira kutendeukira kuWikipedia. Pane musanganiswa wemavara wakajairwa. Kune akapindirana nemamwe mavara. Kazhinji hapana anopfuura maviri, asi kune akawanda-mavara marozi, ane admixtures emavara akati wandei. Ruvara spectrum:

• Chena.
• Yero.
• Tsvuku.
• Pingi.
• Orange.
• Pepuru.
• Bhurawuni.
• Multicolored.

Vanoti kune rozi dema kana dema reblue - iyi inhema. Kuti uwane ruvara urwu, dhayi inowedzerwa. Muzvisikwa, dema nebhuruu roses hazvipo.

Care

Nzira yekutarisira sei roses kuitira kuti vafare nekunaka kwavo kwenguva yakareba? Izvo zvinodiwa kutevera mitemo iri nyore: mvura nguva dzose, kupa chiedza uye kupfeka kwakanaka. Roses inodyarwa nekutanga kwekushisa kwakanaka.

Kuti muti utore midzi, unofanirwa kudiridzwa zvakanyanya mazuva ese. Zvinokurudzirwa kuita izvi kana mangwanani-ngwanani kana manheru, kana pasina zuva rinoshanda. Kana zvisina kudaro, kupisa kuchaonekwa pamashizha. Apo rose rinotora midzi, kudiridza kunoderedzwa kusvika kaviri pavhiki.

Kuwedzera fetereza - periodic. maonero - Organics uye zvicherwa.

Kuchekerera: kana rosi yakasimwa muchirimo, ipapo kuchekerera kunoitwa kusati kwadyarwa. Nekutanga kwezhizha, mabhudzi anobviswa. Mashizha haafaniri kubatwa. Muzhizha, kunze kwekudiridza, unofanirwa kusunungura, sora uye mulch chirimwa. Usakanganwa nezvekukurudzira kwemaruva.

Muchirimo, rose rinoda kugadzirirwa nguva yechando:

• kuderedza kudiridza;
• bvisa kusunungura;
• cheka nhungirwa dzisina kuibva;
• gadzira pekugara nedziviriro kumakonzo.

Mhando dzakanakisa dzegadheni rega

Anenge ega ega mugari wezhizha, kunze kwemiriwo nemiti, ane roses pachirongwa. Uye havafanirwe kunge vari panzvimbo yekupedzisira. Uyezve, vazhinji vavo vanofambidzana zvakanaka nemamwe maruva, akadai seaster uye peonies. Marozi munyika zvinoreva kuti muridzi anoda bindu rake uye anoziva kuchengeta zvirimwa.

Kukura marozi hakusi nyore. Vatangi vekutanga havagone kukurumidza kukura chirimwa chinokanganisa. Neraki, kune akawanda marudzi asina kuzvikudza uye anofadza chero murimi. Ndeapi marozi akanakisa egadheni rakazvimiririra:

• Gloria vamwe. Type - tea-hybrid. Inosiyana mukukora uye maruva akasvibira. Maruva akanaka, eyero. Kutumbuka - kudzokororwa, mumwaka mumwe (zhizha). Immunity ndeyepakati. Inoda nguva yechando.
  

  

• nakisa nyeredzi. Maonero - tea-hybrid garden rose. Kutumbuka kwakasvibira nekunhuhwirira kwakanaka kunotapira. Kureba kwemaruva - kubva muzhizha kusvika kune chando. Frost-resistant, ine immune immune. Maruva matsvuku ekorari.
  

  

• dutu. Kuona - park rose. Inotumbuka kwenguva yakareba, kubva pakutanga kwaJune kusvika kuchando. Ruvara - tsvuku. Kunhuhwirira kunovava, kunogara kwenguva refu.
  

  

Roses kune vanotanga

Wese muchengeti wegadheni angangoda kurima rake rose, iro rinogona kudada naro. Asi kupi kutanga uye sei kusarudza? Paunosarudza, iwe unofanirwa kuvimba nemaitiro matatu: chando kuramba, mwaka wemaruva uye kusadzivirirwa. Zvikasadaro, chero kukanganisa kuchamutsa kufa kwechirimwa. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kutanga nekusazvibata. Iwo akanakisa roses kune vanotanga:

• Rhapsody muBlue. Type - floribunda. Features: kuwedzera kupikisa kwechando, kudzivirirwa kwakasimba. Maruva – mwaka mumwe (zhizha). Flowers – ruvara rwepepuru.
• Kudenga Husiku. Zvisikwa - floribunda. Chando chakasimba uye chakasimba. Maruva epepuru akajeka ane kunhuhwirira kwemuchero.
• Golden Vavhenekeri. Maonero – kukwira. Yakanyanya kufarirwa nevarimi vese. Frost uye zvirwere zvinodzivirira. Maruva - muzhizha, inoenderera.
• Vanessa bhero. Meta kureba kwechirungu kwakasimuka nemaruva eremoni. Inosiyana mukuenderera kwemaruva.
• Heidelberg. A goblet red rose. Inogona kukura semukwesha kana mukwidza. Haatyi kurwara nechando.

mhedziso

Rozi ndiro mambokadzi wenyika yemaruva, rinoyevedza mukusiyana-siyana kwezvimiro uye mavara. Uye kunhuhwirira kuchakunda chero nyanzvi yerunako.