Mukati
Runako uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhando dzemaruva emubindu zvinoita kuti chirimwa ichi chidiwe. Kwete basa rekupedzisira mukukurumbira kwemarudzi akawanda rinoitwa nekutarisira kuri nyore kwavari uye kugona kwavo, kweinenge mwaka wese, kunakidzwa nekuenderera kwavo maruva. Nzira yekutarisira roses mumwaka wose, tichataura munyaya yedu.
Kazhinji, varimi vanoita zviito zviviri chete zvinosungirwa - kusunungura uye kupfeka kwepamusoro. Mashandiro akadai sekuputira ivhu kana kugadzira gwenzi hazvizivikanwe nevose vanoda rose, semugumisiro wekuti makwenzi haakure kusvika pakukwanisa kwavo. Kuchekerera rose kunokonzerawo kukakavara kwakawanda. Kuchengeta marozi kune akati wandei matanho uye anofanirwa kuteverwa.
Kuwedzera fetereza
Sezvo marozi ari kudiwa zvakanyanya pakuumbwa kwevhu, kupfeka kwepamusoro ndeimwe yemabasa akakosha mukuachengeta. Kushaikwa kwechimwe kana zvimwe zvinhu muvhu zvinokanganisa kukura uye kushongedza kwegwenzi.
Mukati megore, mapfekero akawanda epamusoro anoitwa. Fertilizer muchimiro chehupfu kana granules inopararira pamusoro pevhu rakapoteredza rose gwenzi uye zvishoma yakavigwa muvhu. Zvakare zvakareruka kushandisa mafetireza emvura anogona kuiswa mumwaka wese. Iyo yakaoma ichawedzerwa nekudyisa foliar, iyo ine zvimwe zvakanakira: mushure mekuiswa kumashizha, ivo vanopinda musero muto mukati memaawa akati wandei uye vanobatsira kuwedzera saizi yeruva uye kuvandudza mamiriro ese emiti, iyo inonyanya kukosha. zvakakosha pakuratidzira mienzaniso yemaruva.
Nguva uye chii chekudyisa
Panguva dzakasiyana dzegore, rose makwenzi anoda mhando dzakasiyana dzekupfeka dzine zvimwe zvinhu:
| mwaka | Chikamu chekuvandudza | Chinhu chinodiwa | Fertilizer uye nzira yekushandisa kwayo |
| Kubvumbi Chivabvu | kuzvimba kwetsvo | nitrogen, phosphorus, trace elements - iron, boron, manganese | yakaoma mineral fertilizer nenzira yehupfu kana granules |
| Chivabvu Chikumi | kukura kwenhungirwa, kutanga kwekutungira | nitrogen, phosphorus, potasium, calcium | mineral liquid fertilizer |
| Chikumi | bud kuvhura | phosphorus, potassium, trace elements | liquid mineral supplement |
| Chikunguru Chikunguru | peak yemaruva | kupfeka zvinoenderana nerondedzero yezviratidziro zvemuenzaniso | |
| Nyamavhuvhu | kumbomira mushure memaruva | phosphorus, trace elements | yakaoma mineral fertilizer nenzira yehupfu kana granules |
| Gunyana | mushure mezve maruva | phosphorus, potassium | kuwedzera superphosphate kana potasium munyu |
Mapfekero ese epamusoro anoitwa mangwanani kana manheru pazuva rine makore kudzivirira kupisa kwezvirimwa. Nitrogen top dressing haiitwe mushure meChikunguru, zvikasadaro nhungirwa dzichakura dzisingazove nenguva yekukura nguva yechando isati yasvika uye inokanganisa kusimba kwechando kwegwenzi.
Trimming
Imwe neimwe pfuti yerose inoshingairira kukura uye inotumbuka kwemakore akati wandei, pasina kuwedzera ukobvu hwayo. Ipapo muromo wayo unotanga kufa, uye nhungirwa nyowani inotanga kukura kubva kuitsvo iri pazasi. Kana kuchekerera kukasaitwa panguva yakakodzera, rose rinoshanduka kuita matanda mapenyu uye akafa, izvo zvinokanganisa kushongedza kwegwenzi uye kuwanda kwemaruva ayo.
Tools
Pakuchekerera kwemhando yepamusoro yemaruva, zvishandiso zvichadikanwa. Zvakakosha kuti dzakachena uye kuti secateurs yakanyatsorodzwa. Usati wacheka, unofanirwa kurapa chigadziro nemhinduro ye potassium permanganate, uye kana yakagadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina, zvino nemhinduro yemhangura sulfate.
Unofanira:
- Secateurs ine mativi maviri ekucheka. Izvo zvinodiwa kuve nechokwadi kuti tsinde inowira pakati pekucheka.
- Secateurs ine imwe yekucheka kumucheto. Zviri nyore kushandisa, kunyange zvazvo zvisinganyanyi kusimba pane chigadziro chine mativi maviri ekucheka.
- Gloves. Kuti udzivirire maoko kubva kune spikes, anofanirwa kugadzirwa neakakora uye elastic zvinhu.
- Zvigero zvebindu zvine mibato yakareba. Ichi chishandiso chakakosha pakuchekerera kukwira kwakakwirira uye shrub roses. Vanobatsira chaizvo kucheka madzinde akakora.
- Bindu rakaona. Izvo zvinodiwa pakucheka madzinde ayo ukobvu hunopfuura 2 cm.
- Kapeti yemabvi. Ichakubatsira kuti uswedere pedyo negwenzi uye uchengetedze majoini ako ane hutano.
zvimedu
Pane mutemo mukuru wekucheka. Kuchekwa kunofanira kunge kuri oblique uye kunowanikwa 0,5-1 cm pamusoro peitsvo. Kana iwe uchida kuwana gwenzi rinoputika, kucheka kunogadzirwa pamusoro peitsvo, iri kunze kwepfuti. Iyo yakachekwa yepamusoro inofanirwa kuve yakatsetseka, nekuda kweizvi iwe unofanirwa kushandisa chete inopinza pruner. Nekuda kwekuchekerera zvisina kufanira, mapfundo anogona kuumba pamusoro pemamwe nhungirwa, ayo anofanira kubviswa sezvaanoonekwa.
Nguva yekucheka
Nguva yekuchekerera inoenderana neboka iro rosi rinenge riri, uye rinoitwa mumwaka wese.
Muchirimo, kuchekerera kunoitwa kune makwenzi akasimwa mumatsutso uye akareba midzi mienzaniso. Nguva yakanakisa yekuchekerera kwechitubu mushure mekubvisa pekugara uye kutanga kwekupisa, apo buds inotanga kuzvimba, asi nhungirwa haisati yatanga kukura. Pano iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga nzvimbo yepakati, nekuti nekuchekerera kwekutanga, mabuds anoputika nguva isati yakwana anogona kukuvadza chando chekudzoka, uye kuchekerera kunonoka, kana kuyerera kwemuto kwatotanga, kunoderedza gwenzi, rinorasikirwa nekudya.
Muzhizha, kuchekerera kwehutsanana uye kwekugadzira kunoitwa, kukura kwemusango kunobviswa, kudzivirira gwenzi kubva pakukora, mushure mekutumbuka, wilted inflorescences inogurwa.
Mumatsutso, nhungirwa dzose dzisina kuibva dzinobviswa uye madzinde anopfupikiswa kusvika pakakwirira pekugara.
Trimming mhando
Kune marudzi akawanda ekuchekerera, zvinoenderana nemwaka, rudzi rwegwenzi uye kureba kwayo. Siyanisai pakati pekuchekerera kwakasimba, kuri pakati nepakati uye kusina simba.
Nekuchekerera kwakakura, madzinde anopfupikiswa neanosvika 2/3 yehurefu, uye kucheka kunoitwa pahupamhi hwema 3-4 buds kubva pasi pegwenzi, zvichisiya pfuti inenge 15 cm kureba. Makwenzi achangobva kusimwa uye makwenzi evakuru e hybrid tea roses, akakurira kutora chikamu mukuratidzira. Zvakare, rudzi urwu rwekuchekerera runoshandiswa kumutsiridza gwenzi. Usashandise kutema zvinorema kune floribunda roses.
Kuchekerera zvine mwero kunoitwa pamwero we5-7 buds kubva pachigadziko, ichisiya inenge hafu yepfuti. Anenge ese mahybrid tea uye floribunda marudzi anoda rudzi urwu rwekuchekerera.
Nekuchekerera kusina simba, 8-15 buds inosiiwa kubva pasi pegwenzi, izvo zvinokutendera kuti upe chirimwa chimiro chakanaka. Hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa kuchekerera kwakadaro kwemakore akawanda mumutsara, sezvo izvi zvinobatsira kutambanudza gwenzi uye kuderedza maruva. Mhando iyi yekuchekerera inodiwa kumhando dzakasimba dzemahybrid tea roses uye makwenzi ese ari kukura paivhu rejecha kana munzvimbo dzine mweya wakanyanya kusvibiswa.
Ikoko kunewo sanitary pruning, umo nhungirwa dzose dzinorwara, dzakaoma uye dzisina simba dzinobviswa, nepo tsinga dzakapfupikiswa kune hutano hwakanaka.
Nzira dzekugadzirisa
Kwenguva yakareba, varimi vakasimuka vakashandisa nzira yechinyakare yekuchekerera, iyo yakafunga nezvezvinhu zvakawanda: mhando yemaruva, nguva yekudyara uye midzi, zvishuwo zverudzi rwegwenzi. Asi muma90s ezana ramakore rapfuura, kushanda kweiyo nzira yakapfava yekuchekerera kwakaratidza, iyo vazhinji vanoda rose vakatanga kushandisa nekunakidzwa uye kuwana isingasviki yakanaka uye ine hutano mienzaniso.
Traditional pruning nzira
| rose mhando | Ichangobva kudyarwa kana chinangwa chekudyara marozi | Zvakanaka midzi roses |
|---|---|---|
| Bush hybrid tea | Kuchekerera kwakasimba. Inobatsira kusimbisa midzi yemidzi uye inokurudzira kukura kwezvitsva zvitsva kuumba gwenzi. | Kuchekerera kuri pakati nepakati pamakwenzi mazhinji uye kuchekerera zvinorema pazviratidziro. Shandisai kuchekerera zvishoma paivhu risina kunaka. |
| Bush floribunda uye patio | Kuchekerera kwakasimba. Kubatsira pakusimbisa midzi yemidzi uye kukurudzira kukura kwezvitsva zvitsva kuumba gwenzi. | Kuchekerera zvine mwero kana kuwanda-level, umo iyo yakakura kupfura, iyo ipfupi inochekwa. Iyi nzira inopa gwenzi refu rine maruva. |
| Standard hybrid tea uye floribunda | Kuchekerera kwakasimba pahurefu hunosvika masendimita makumi maviri kubva pakubva kwenhungirwa kubva pahunde. | kuchekerera zvine mwero |
| Kuchema mwero | Kuchekerera kwakasimba, nhungirwa isingapfuuri masendimita gumi neshanu inosiiwa pamusoro pehunde | Mumatsutso, nhungirwa dzakapera dzinotemwa, dzichisiya chete madiki anozotumbuka gore rinouya. |
| Miniature uye chivharo chevhu | Sanitary pruning | Kuchekerera kwehutsanana, unogona kupfupisa nhungirwa kuti upe chimiro chakanyanya kunaka kugwenzi. |
| Climbing | Sanitary pruning | Sanitary pruning. Lateral nhungirwa dzinogona kusvikwa dzakapfupikiswa ne 2/3 yehurefu hwadzo. |
Nzira iri nyore
Ongororo yakaitwa neRoyal National Society yakaratidza kuti nenzira iyi yekuchekeresa, makwenzi ane hutano sezvaiitwa nenzira yechinyakare, uye mune dzimwe nguva akagamuchira maruva akakura. Zvisinei, nzira yacho iri nyore zvikuru. Gwenzi rinofanira kutemwa nemucheka wakapinza kusvika pahafu yehurefu hwayo. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mashears kutema zvirimwa. Hapana chikonzero chekucheka nhungirwa dzisina kusimba uye dzakaonda, matavi akafa chete anofanira kutemwa kusvika pachigadziko. Matemu ekuchekerera kwakadaro anopindirana nematemu ekuchekerera nenzira yechinyakare.
Kudiridza
Kutenda kune yakadzika midzi midzi, yakamisikidzwa rose makwenzi haadi nguva dzose kudiridzwa. Vanokwanisa kugara vakatsva uye vachinzwa zvakanaka kunyange munguva yekusanaya kwezhizha, apo zvimwe zvinomera zvinotanga kusvava. Nekudaro, kana marozi asina kudiridzwa kwenguva yakati wandei yakaoma, kukura kwavo kunonoka, maruva anova madiki uye anopera nekukurumidza, nepo mashizha anoramba ari matsva uye akasvibira.
Zvakakosha kubhadhara kune nzvimbo yekudyara roses. Saka, zvienzaniso zvakasimwa pavhu rejecha kana pamadziro eimba zvinoda kudiridza nguva dzose. Kudiridza kwakawanda kunodiwa kune ese roses kana kusanaya kwemvura kuchiitika mukupera kwechirimo.
Roses anodiridzwa kazhinji kubva mugaba rekudiridza. Kushandiswa kwemvura - 5 litita pagwenzi rimwe nerimwe. Kukwira marozi kunoda marita gumi nemashanu pakopi yega yega. Iwe haufaniri kudiridza roses kakawanda, uye kana uchidiridza, haufaniri kuisa sprinkler pane spout yemvura yekudiridza.
Imwe nzira yekudiridza ndeyokuti roller inogadzirwa nevhu rakapoteredza gwenzi uye nzvimbo yakapoteredza gwenzi yakazadzwa nemvura kubva papombi.
Nzira yakanakisa yekudiridza ndeyekudonha. Hose inoiswa pakati pemakwenzi, kuburikidza nemakomba inopinda mvura.
Kusunungura ivhu
Kusunungura ivhu rakapoteredza gwenzi kunofanira kuva nguva dzose, ichapa oksijeni kumidzi - iyi ndiyo nzira chete yekubvisa masora akawanda anokuvadza kukura kwemuti. Semuenzaniso, wheatgrass haigoni kuparadzwa nekuputira. Kusunungura chete kunobatsira. Uyewo, kusunungura ivhu kunodzivirira kuonekwa kwezvipembenene. Hapana chikonzero chekusunungura zvakadzika kupfuura 2-3 cm, kana zvisina kudaro kune ngozi yekukuvadza midzi ye rose. Sezvo kuchera kwakadzika kunofanira kudziviswa, maforogo haafaniri kushandiswa pakusunungura. Zviri nani kushandisa badza kana sora.
mulching
Kuvhara ivhu rakatenderedza chirimwa nerunyoro rwezvinhu zveoga kune zvakawanda zvakanaka:
- Inochengetedza hunyoro.
- Inoderedza sora.
- Inovandudza kunaka kwevhu.
- Inopa humwe hutano kune zvirimwa.
- Inoderedza njodzi yeganda dema.
Mulching, peat, larch kana pine bark, manyowa akaora kana mashizha humus anoshandiswa. Huswa hwakachekwa hunogonawo kushandiswa, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa nekuchenjerera. Kana uswa hukachekwa kubva munzvimbo ine sora yakabatwa nemishonga yezvipembenene, haufaniri kukurumidza kuzadza gobvu rakadaro, uyezve, uswa hunofanira kuderedzwa nguva nenguva.
Usati wavhara, zvakakosha kubvisa tsvina, sora, mvura uye fetereza. Mulching inowanzoitwa muchirimo. Mumatsutso, mulch inovigwa zvishoma muvhu. Dzimwe nguva iwe unogona kuvharidzira mukudonha, ivhu risati ratonhora.
ZVINOKOSHA: mulching haizotsiva kudya kwakazara kwemaruva, sezvo kuwedzera kune organic fertilizer, zvinomera zvinodawo zvimwe zvinhu zvine mafetiraiza akaomarara.
Nhungamiro yekukura uye kusunga
Mazhinji ekupfapfaidza marudzi emaruva haadi kusungirirwa uye kutsigirwa. Izvo chete zvinosara ndezvimwe zvemhando dze shrub roses dzine hunde husina simba. Kwakapoteredza iwe unoda kuisa mapegi mashomanana asinganzwisisiki uye unobatanidza misoro yavo nemapuranga.
Kukwira roses kunonyatso kuumbwa kubva pakutanga. Miti mikuru inonangidzirwa yakatwasuka, nhungirwa dzeparutivi dzichikwira kumusoro dzichatanga kuumbwa paari, dzinozotumbuka zvakanyanya. Kana gwenzi riri pedyo nemadziro kana fence, unogona kuigadzira nenzira iyi. Kana mbiru kana katatu ichishanda setsigiro, madzinde anongoputira tsigiro iyi. Paunenge uchisunga matanda, unofanirwa kusiya nzvimbo yakakwana kuitira kuti kana mapfuti awedzere, waya haikanganisi kukura kwavo.
Kudzura mabuds
Iyi nzira yakakosha kune hybrid tea roses. Dzimwe nguva buds akati wandei anoumbwa pamagumo enhungirwa. Iwe unofanirwa kusiya imwe chete kuti uwane ruva rakakura. Mamwe mabuds ese anodzurwa sezvaanoonekwa.
vendu
Muchishuvo chako chekuva nemaruva akanaka mumba, chinhu chikuru hachisi chokudarika uye kwete kuderedza gwenzi nekucheka nguva dzose. Usacheka kupfuura 1/3 yehurefu hwepfuti. Iyo yakachekwa inofanira kugara iri pamusoro peitsvo. Kana gwenzi risina simba, maruva chete ane pedicels anogona kutemwa, zviri nani kuti usabata chikamu chemashizha chepfuti. Hazvikurudzirwi kutema maruva kubva mugwenzi mugore rokutanga mushure mekudyara.
Kubvisa maruva akasvava
Kune hybrid tea roses uye floribunda roses, kubviswa kwemaruva akasvava inhanho yakakosha mukutarisira. Zvakakosha kubvisa chikamu chose chepamusoro chepfuti, kucheka kunofanira kuitwa pamusoro peshizha rechipiri kana rechitatu, rinotarisa kunze. Nekuita chiito ichi chiri nyore, iwe uchabatsira zvirimwa kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakashandiswa pakuumbwa kwemichero. Zvakare, kubviswa kwemapfuti akapera kunokurudzira kubuda kwemabudi matsva. Hazvidikanwi kubvisa wilted inflorescences kune imwe-inotumbuka marudzi, uye marudzi anoumba michero yekushongedza.
Kuchekesa
Dzimwe nguva, mushure mekuchekerera, nhungirwa mbiri dzinokura kubva kune dzimwe node. Kazhinji, pfuti isina simba uye inokura mukati megwenzi inobviswa. Mutemo mukuru wekuonda ndewekuti nhungirwa dzese dzinokura mukati megwenzi dzinofanira kubviswa. Izvi zvinovandudza kufefetera kwegwenzi, njodzi shoma yezvirwere zveroses. Kutetepa kunoitwawo kana chinangwa chako chiri chekuwana maruva makuru ega.
mhedziso
Nekutevera aya matanho akareruka ekutarisira makwenzi, iwe uchawana ine hutano uye yakanaka rose gadheni.
Uye chimwezve chinhu hachiwanzo kutaurwa mumabhuku ekutarisira chirimwa ichi, asi zvakakosha kufunga: iwe unofanirwa kuwana nguva yekungogara padyo nerunako rwako uye uchivayemura.
Mukupedzisa, tarisa vhidhiyo nezvekuchengeta roses.