Vanhu vakawanda vanofunga nokuvhunduka kuti pane imwe nzvimbo munyika vanogona kudya imbwa, uye vachidedera vanoyeuka vachiona mifananidzo yembwa dzakafa dzakaturikwa pazviredzo zvine ganda rakacheneruka.
Hongu, kungofunga nezvazvo kunotyisa uye kunogumbura. Asi mubvunzo une mufungo unomuka: neiko vanhu vasingashatirwi zvikuru nemhaka yokuurawa kwedzimwe mhuka? Somuenzaniso, muUnited States, nguruve dzinenge mamiriyoni 100 dzinourayiwa gore negore nokuda kwenyama. Sei izvi zvisinganyanyi kupikisa veruzhinji?
Mhinduro yacho iri nyore - manzwiro ekurerekera. Isu hatingobatanidzi manzwiro nenguruve kusvika pamwero wekuti kutambura kwadzo kunoenderana nesu nenzira imwechete iyo imbwa dzinotambura. Asi, saMelanie Joy, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu uye nyanzvi ye "carnism", kuti tinoda imbwa asi kudya nguruve hunyengeri husina kufanira kururamiswa kwetsika.
Hazvisi zvisizvo kunzwa nharo dzekuti tinofanira kuva nehanya zvakanyanya nembwa nekuda kwehuchenjeri hwavo hwepamusoro hwemagariro evanhu. Kutenda uku kunowedzera kunoratidza kuti vanhu vanopedza nguva yakawanda vachiziva imbwa kupfuura nguruve. Vanhu vazhinji vanochengeta imbwa semhuka dzinovaraidza, uye kuburikidza nehukama hwepedyo uhu nembwa, tave takabatana navo mupfungwa uye saka tinovachengeta. Asi imbwa dzakasiana chaizvoizvo nedzimwe mhuka idzo vanhu vakajaira kudya here?
Kunyange zvazvo imbwa nenguruve zviri pachena kuti hadzina kufanana, dzakafanana zvikuru munzira dzakawanda dzinoita sedzakakosha kuvanhu vakawanda. Vane hungwaru hwemagariro akafanana uye vanorarama hupenyu hwepfungwa hwakafanana. Zvose imbwa nenguruve zvinokwanisa kuziva zviratidzo zvinopiwa nevanhu. Uye, chokwadi, nhengo dzemhando mbiri idzi dzinokwanisa kutambura uye chido chekurarama hupenyu husina kurwadziwa.
Saka, tinogona kugumisa kuti nguruve inofanirwa kubatwa zvakafanana nembwa. Asi nei nyika isiri kukurumidza kurwira kodzero dzavo?
Vanhu vanowanzotadza kuona kusapindirana mukufunga kwavo, kunyanya kana zvasvika kumhuka. Andrew Rowan, mutungamiriri weCentre for Animal Affairs and Public Policy paTufts University, akambotaura kuti “chinongowirirana mumaonero anoita vanhu mhuka kusapindirana.” Ichi chirevo chiri kuwedzera kutsigirwa netsvagurudzo itsva mumunda we psychology.
Kusaenderana kwevanhu kunozviratidza sei?
Chokutanga pane zvose, vanhu vanobvumira pesvedzero yezvinhu zvakanyanyisa pakutonga kwavo pamusoro pehunhu hwemhuka. Vanhu vanowanzofunga nemwoyo yavo, kwete nemusoro. Somuenzaniso, mune imwe, vanhu vakapiwa mifananidzo yemhuka dzepapurazi ndokukumbirwa kuti vasarudze kuti zvakanga zvakaipa sei kudzikuvadza. Zvisinei, vatori vechikamu vakanga vasingazive kuti mifananidzo yaisanganisira vose vaduku (semuenzaniso, huku) nemhuka dzakura (huku dzakura).
Kazhinji kazhinji vanhu vaiti zvaizova zvakaipa zvikuru kukuvadza mhuka duku pane kukuvadza mhuka dzakura. Asi nei? Zvakazoitika kuti kutonga kwakadaro kwakabatana nekuti mhuka dzakanaka dzinomutsa manzwiro ekudziya uye unyoro muvanhu, nepo vakuru vasingadaro. Kungwara kwemhuka hakuna basa mune izvi.
Kunyange zvazvo iyi miuyo ingasauya sechishamiso, inonongedzera kuchinetso muukama hwedu netsika. Tsika dzedu munyaya iyi dzinoita sedzinodzorwa nemanzwiro asingazivi pane kufunga kufunga.
Chechipiri, isu hatienderane mukushandisa kwedu "chokwadi". Tinowanzofunga kuti humbowo hunogara huri kudivi redu-izvo zvinonzi nenyanzvi dzepfungwa "kusimbisa kurerekera." Mumwe munhu akakumbirwa kuti aenzanise mwero wavo wekubvumirana kana kusabvumirana nehuwandu hwezvibatsiro zvezvinomera, izvo zvakabva kune zvakatipoteredza kusvika kune hutano hwemhuka, hutano uye mari inobatsira.
Vanhu vaitarisirwa kutaura pamusoro pezvibatsiro zvezvinomera, vachitsigira dzimwe nharo, asi kwete dzose. Zvisinei, vanhu havana kungotsigira bhenefiti imwe chete kana mbiri—ivo vakabvumira zvose kana kuti hapana chimwe chazvo. Mune mamwe mazwi, vanhu nekusarudzika vakabvumira kupokana kwese kwaitsigira mhedzisiro yavo yekukasira pamusoro pekuti zviri nani kudya nyama kana kuve wezvinomera.
Chechitatu, isu tinonyatso kuchinjika mukushandisa ruzivo nezvemhuka. Pane kunyatsofunga nezvenyaya kana kuti chokwadi, tinowanzotsigira uchapupu hunotsigira zvatinoda kutenda. Mune kumwe kuongorora, vanhu vakakumbirwa kuti vatsanangure kuti kwaizova kwakaipa sei kudya imwe yemhuka nhatu dzakasiyana. Mhuka imwe yakanga iri yengano, mhuka yechienzi yavasina kumbosangana nayo; yechipiri yaive tapir, mhuka isina kujairika isingadyiwe mutsika dzevakapindura; uye pakupedzisira nguruve.
Vese vatori vechikamu vakagamuchira ruzivo rwakafanana nezvehungwaru uye kugona kwekuziva kwemhuka. Somugumisiro, vanhu vakapindura kuti zvaizova zvakaipa kuuraya mutorwa uye tapir nokuda kwezvokudya. Kune nguruve, pakuita kutonga kwetsika, vatori vechikamu vakafuratira ruzivo pamusoro pehuchenjeri hwayo. Mutsika dzevanhu, kudya nguruve kunofungidzirwa sechinyakare - uye izvi zvaive zvakakwana kuderedza kukosha kwehupenyu hwenguruve mumaziso evanhu, pasinei nehuchenjeri hwakagadzirwa hwemhuka idzi.
Saka, kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sezvinopesana kuti vanhu vakawanda havabvumi kudya imbwa asi vanogutsikana nekudya bhekoni, hazvishamisi kubva pamaonero epfungwa. Psychology yedu yehunhu yakanaka pakutsvaga mhosva, asi kwete kana zvasvika kune zvatinoita uye zvatinoda.