L 'anemia idambudziko rehutano rinowanzozivikanwa nea kushaya masero matsvuku eropa. Masero matsvuku eropa ndiwo masero anowanikwa muropa. Izvo zvinoshandiswa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kupa okisijeni kumatishu uye nhengo.

Vanhu vane anemia vanogona kunzwa vaneta et kupera simba zviri nyore kupfuura nguva dzose, nokuti mwoyo yavo inofanira kushanda nesimba kuti ipe miviri yavo neokisijeni.

Maererano neWorld Health Organisation, chikamu che25% chevanhu pasi rose vane chirwere chekushaya ropa¹. Hafu yezviitiko izvi zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinokonzerwa nazvo kukwana zvinovaka muviri mu Fer. vakadzi vane nguva dzakaoma, vana uye vana vekireshi nevakadzi vane pamuviri ndivo vari panjodzi yeanemia.

Zvinokonzera

Mamiriro akawanda anogona kukonzera anemia.

• A kutadza kwesimbi.
• A vitamini.
• A chirwere chisingaperi kana chirwere chemwongo.
• A chirwere chemajini, izvo zvinotungamirira semuenzaniso kukurumidza kuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa.
• A kuora ropa, kureva kubuda kweropa kunze kwetsinga.

Mhando huru dzeanemia

• Iron kushomeka anemia. Ndiyo inowanzozivikanwa yeanemia. Nguva dzinorema uye kudya kwakaderera musimbi ndizvo zvinowanzokonzera. Iron inoshaya anemia inoshandura saizi yemasero matsvuku eropa, ayo anova madiki pane akajairwa (microcytic anemia). Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona yedu Iron Deficiency Anemia fact sheet.
• Anemia inokonzerwa nekushaya vhitamini. Rudzi urwu rweanemia runobereka masero matsvuku akakura kwazvo, akaremara (macrocytic anemia). Anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeaya anokonzerwa nekushomeka kwevhitamini B12 kana vhitamini B9 (folic acid). Yekutanga inogona kuitika nekuda kwekusakwana kwekudya kwevhitamini iyi, kusabatwa zvakanaka muura, kana mamiriro anonzi pernicious anemia. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona yedu B12 deficiency anemia fact sheet.
• Anemia inokonzerwa nechirwere chisingaperi. Zvirwere zvakawanda zvisingaperi (uye dzimwe nguva kurapwa kwavo) zvinogona kuderedza kuwanda kwemasero matsvuku eropa anotenderera muropa. Izvi ndizvo zvakaita kenza, chirwere cheCrohn uye zvirwere zvinoputika zvakadai serheumatoid arthritis. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwetsvo kunogonawo kukonzera kupererwa neropa nemhaka yokuti itsvo dzinobudisa erythropoietin, hormone inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Nekudaro, izvi zvinochengeta saizi yavo yakajairika uye chitarisiko (normocytic anemia).
• Hemorrhagic anemia. Kurasikirwa kweropa rakawanda mushure menjodzi yakakomba, kuvhiyiwa kana kubereka, somuenzaniso, kunogona kukurumidza kukonzera anemia. Zvimwe zvinetso zvomudumbu (peptic ulcer, intestinal polyps kana colorectal cancer) zvinogonawo kutungamirira kwazviri, asi panguva ino zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kweropa zvishoma uye nguva dzose muchituru (dzimwe nguva chisingaoneki), kwenguva yakareba.
• Hemolytic kupererwa neropa. Rudzi urwu rweanemia runoratidzwa nekukasira kuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Inogona kuve nekuda kwemaitiro ekudzivirira kwemuviri (autoimmune kana allergic), kuvepo kwehupfu muropa, kune kutapukira (semuenzaniso, marariya), kana kutombozvarwa (sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, nezvimwewo). Iyo yekuzvarwa fomu inonyanya kubata vanhu vanobva muAfrica.
• Sideroblastic anemia. Izwi iri rinobata boka reanemia risingawanzoitiki umo masero matsvuku eropa asingakwanisi kugadzirisa iron muhemoglobin. Iri idambudziko enzymatic yenhaka kana kuwanikwa kwakabva. Masero matsvuku eropa anobva ava madiki pane emazuva ese.
• Aplastic kupererwa neropa (kana aplastic). Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki chinoitika apo mwongo wepfupa hauchagadziri masero eropa akakwana. Nokudaro, pane kwete chete kushayikwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa, asiwo kwemasero machena eropa uye maplatelet eropa. Mu50% yezviitiko, aplastic anemia inokonzerwa nemishonga ine chepfu, mamwe madhiragi kana kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi. Inogonawo kutsanangurwa nezvirwere zvakakomba, zvakadai sekenza yemapfupa emapfupa (somuenzaniso, leukemia).

chirwere

Sezvo munhu asingakwanisi kuvimba nezviratidzo chete kuti atange a chirwere, zvakakosha kuita ongororo yerabhoritari ye sampuro yeropa. Kuverengwa kweropa kwakakwana (kuverengwa kweropa rakazara) kunowanzorongedzerwa nachiremba.

Heano 3 main parameters :

• Hemoglobin level : kuwanda kwehemoglobin (pigment yekufema iri mumasero matsvuku eropa) muropa, inoratidzwa mumagiramu ehemoglobin parita yeropa (g / l) kana pa100 ml yeropa (g / 100 ml kana g / dl).
• Hematocrit level : the reshiyo, inotaridzwa sechikamu, yevhoriyamu inogarwa nemasero matsvuku eropa esampuli yeropa (yakapfuura nepakati pecentrifuge) maererano nehuwandu hweropa rose riri mumuenzaniso uyu.
• Kuwanda kwemasero matsvuku eropa : nhamba yemasero matsvuku eropa ari muhuwandu hweropa rakapihwa, rinowanzo kuratidzwa mumamiriyoni emasero matsvuku eropa pamicrolita yeropa (mamiriyoni / µl).

Zvakajairwa tsika

taura pfungwa. Izvi zvakakosha zve hemoglobin uye hematocrit ndizvo zvakajairwa ne95% yevanhu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti 5% yevanhu vane "zvisiri-standard" hunhu vachiri hutano hwakanaka. Mukuwedzera, zvigumisiro zviri pamiganhu yakaderera yezvakajairwa zvinogona kuratidza kutanga kweanemia kana ivo vaiwanzokwira.

mwe kuongorora ropa inogona kudiwa kuitira kujekesa kuongororwa uye kuwana chikonzero cheanemia. Zvichienderana nenyaya, kuongororwa kweiyo zvisarudzo masero matsvuku eropa, chipimo che Fer kana zvakasiyana Vitamini muropa, etc.