Kuitira kuti vanachiremba vakwanise kuongorora mabasa anokosha emucheche achangoberekwa, chiyero cheApgar chakarongwa muna 1952. Chikero cheApgar chinotumidzwa zita rechiremba weAmerica, nyanzvi yevana uye anesthesia, Virginia Apgar. Acronym, yakasikwa gare gare, muna 1962, inotsanangura mitemo mishanu iyo mwana achangoberekwa anoiswa pasi. Maparameter aya anorevei?
Chii chinonzi Apgar scale?
Chekutanga: Apgar scale is acronym yakabva pamazwi echiRungu anoti: kuonekwa, kupomba, grimach, kuita, kufema. Vanoreva mukuchinjana: ruvara rweganda, kupomba, kuita kune zvinokurudzira, kushushikana kwemhasuru uye kufema. Chiyero chezvibodzwa zvakawanikwa maererano nechinhu chimwe kubva pa0 kusvika ku2. Mumamiriro ezvinhu api mwana achagamuchira 0 uye apo 2 mapoinzi? Ngatitangei kubva pakutanga.
Muvara weganda: 0 points - cyanosis yemuviri wose; 1 pfungwa - cyanosis yemakumbo emakumbo, pink torso; 2 points - muviri wose pink.
kufamba kweropa: 0 mapoinzi - pulse haina kunzwa; 1 poindi - kupomba isingasviki zana kurova paminiti; 100 mapoinzi - kupomba kweanopfuura 2 kurova paminiti.
Reaction kune zvinokurudzira pasi pezviedzo zviviri, panguva iyo chiremba anoisa catheter mumhino uye anotsamwisa makumbo etsoka: 0 points - zvinoreva kusaita kune zvose kuiswa kwekateti uye kutsamwa kwetsoka; 1 pfungwa - kutaridzika kwechiso muchiitiko chekutanga, kufamba kwetsoka zvishoma muchipiri; 2 points - kuhwihwidza kana kukosora mushure mekuisa catheter, kuchema kana masora atsamwa.
Kushungurudzika kwemisungo: 0 mapoinzi - muviri wemwana achangozvarwa hauna kugadzikana, mamhasuru haaratidzi kushushikana; 1 pfungwa - mitezo yemwana yakakotama, kushushikana kwemhasuru kushoma; 2 mapoinzi - mwana anoita mafambiro akazvimirira uye tsandanyama dzakasimba.
Kuremekedza: 0 points - mwana haasi kufema; 1 pfungwa - kufema kunononoka uye kusina kuenzana; 2 points - mwana achangoberekwa anochema zvikuru.
8 - 10 points zvinoreva kuti mwana ari muhutano hwakanaka; 4 - 7 mapoinzi avhareji; 3 mapoinzi kana mashoma zvinoreva kuti mwana wako achangozvarwa anoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.
Dzidza uchishandisa chikero apgarkuita kuti zvive nechinangwa, zvakaitwa:
- kaviri: muminiti yekutanga neyechishanu yehupenyu - muvacheche vanoberekwa mumamiriro akanaka (avo vakagamuchira 8-10 Apgar points).
- kane: mukutanga, chechitatu, chechishanu uye chegumi maminetsi ehupenyu - muvacheche vanozvarwa mune imwe mediocre (4-7 Apgar points) uye yakaoma (0-3 Apgar points) mamiriro.
Kudzokorora bvunzo Apgar scale kwakakosha sezvo hutano hwemwana huchivandudzika, asi zvinosuwisa hunogonawo kushata.
Sei Apgar Scale Assessment yakakosha?
nzira scali Apgar inoshanda nekuti inobvumidza iwe kutsanangura izvo zvekutanga mitemo yehutano hwemwana. Zvakadaro, chimwe chezviitwa zvekutanga zvemucheche achangozvarwa anoongororwa nana chiremba wezvekuzvara ndezvekuti mwana ari kuratidza here kufema zvakanaka. Izvo zvakangofanana, zvenguva dzose, zvenguva dzose? Ikoku kunokosha zvikuru nemhaka yokuti mwana achangobva kuberekwa anosiya muviri waamai vake munyika itsva chose chose kwairi. Zvinomushamisa, saka imwe yekutanga kuridza mhere. Izvi zvinoita kuti chiremba azive kuti mwana achangoberekwa ari kufema. Ongororo inotevera kugara uchifema. Kana zvisina kujairika, okisijeni inodiwa. Vana vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana vanowanzotapurwa nekufema kusiri nguva. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mapapu haasati akura zvakanaka. Vana vakadaro saka havagamuchire huwandu hwemapoinzi mukati scali Apgar.
Normal moyo kushanda zvakare chinhu chakakosha zvikuru pakuongorora hutano hwemwana. The physiological heart rate inofanira kunge iri pamusoro pe100 beats paminiti. Kudonha kwakakosha muhuwandu hwekuputika (pasi pe60-70 kurova paminiti) chiratidzo chechiremba kuti aite kudzorerazve.
Nezve kushanduka kweganda, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vana vanoberekwa nesimba romusikirwo vangave vakachenuruka kupfuura vachangoberekwa vanaamai vakaitwa Kesariya. Zvisinei, nokuda kwechikonzero ichi kuti bvunzo inoitwa Apgar scale kusvika kanokwana kana - hutano hwemwana hunogona kuchinja kubva paminiti kusvika paminiti.
Mwana mudiki ane hutano anofanirwa kuratidza mhasuru yakakwana uye kuratidza kuramba kutwasanudza makumbo. Kana izvi zvisina kudaro, zvinogona kuratidza kukanganisa muhutano hwehutano kana kusakwana oxygenation yemuviri wechecheche. Muscle laxity inogonawo kuratidza chirwere chisina kuonekwa mudumbu. Maererano scali Apgar mwana anokosora kana kuhotsira mushure mekuisa catheter mumhino yake anoratidza kugadzikana kwemuviri uye anogona kugamuchira huwandu hwepamusoro hwemapoinzi eparameter iyi.