Mukati
Ruzivo runobatsira nezve salmon
Salmon, kana salmon yeAtlantic, mumiriri wesaumoni-kunge kurongeka, genus yesalmon chaiyo. Kazhinji, anadromous uye lacustrine (mvura yakachena) mafomu emhando iyi anosiyaniswa. Hove hombe dzinodya, kureba kwayo kunogona kusvika 1,5 m, uye uremu - anenge 40 kg. Anorarama kusvika kumakore gumi nematatu, asi hove yakajairika ndeye makore 13-5. Lake salmon inogona kusvika 6 cm kureba uye 60-10 kg yehuremu. Hove iyi inorarama makore anosvika gumi. Chinhu chakasiyana chehove ndiyo mavara ari pamuviri muchimiro chetsamba X. Nguva yakanakisisa yekubata hove yesalmon murwizi ndiyo nguva yekupinda kwayo kukuru. Hove dzinopinda munzizi dzisina kuenzana. Kune nzizi dzakasiyana-siyana, kune zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira geographical, zvinosanganiswa nehove yehove inogara kure zvakasiyana kubva pamuromo, nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvinogoneka kusarudzira akawanda kupinda kwehove munzizi: muchirimo, zhizha uye matsutso, asi kupatsanurwa uku kune zvimiro uye hachina miganhu yenguva chaiyo. Zvese izvi zvinoenderana zvakanyanya neakasikwa zvinhu uye zvinogona kusiyana gore negore. Ruzivo rwechokwadi nezvekupinda kwehove mumwaka wakapihwa runogona kupihwa nevabati vehove veko kana varidzi venzvimbo dzine marezinesi.
Nzira dzekubata salmon
Salmon inobatwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzekuredza, munzizi uye mugungwa. Mumazuva ekare muRussia, salmon yaibatwa ichishandisa seines, mambure akaiswa, uye fenzi. Asi nhasi, idzi mhando dzemagiya ekuredza, sezvitima, messes, mafashama, anoonekwa segiya rekuredza uye anorambidzwa kubata hove. Usati waenda kunoraura salmon, unofanirwa kujairana nemitemo yekubata hove iyi, giya ripi, mune imwe dunhu, rinobvumidzwa kubata hove. Mitemo inogona kutsanangurwa kwete chete nemutemo wedunhu, asiwo zvinoenderana nemuridzi wedhamu. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune zviredzo. Nhasi, mune mamwe madhiri, kuwedzera kune zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, zvinotenderwa kubata hove nehove nekudyarazve mabheti echisikigo: izvi zvinoita kuti huwandu hwemagetsi hushandiswe hwakafara. Asi pamberi perwendo, nuances yose inofanira kujekeswa. Mhando huru dzekuvaraidza hove dzinobvumirwa ndeyekutenderera uye kubhururuka hove. Trolling inobvumirwa pane dzimwe mvura. Mukuwedzera, pasinei nenzira yekubata hove, maRPU akawanda anobvumira kubata hove chete pakubata-uye-kusunungurwa.
Kuruka salmon hove
Paunosarudza tackle, teerera kuvimbika kwayo, sezvo pane nguva dzose mukana wekubata hove huru. Mune nzizi dzepakati uye dzakakura, kubata salmon inorema kupfuura 10 kg haina kutaridzika sechinhu chinoshamisa, saka zviri nani kushandisa tsvimbo yakasimba. Kana uchivhima hove hombe uchishandisa zvinoremedza, tora mareel akawanda ane line reserve ye100 m kana kudarika. Kusarudzwa kwemidziyo kunoenderana neruzivo rwemubati wehove uye dhamu, uye pahuwandu hwesalmon inobereka. Pamberi perwendo, iva nechokwadi chekubvunza nezve biology yesalmon yeAtlantic, riini uye nderipi boka rinopinda murwizi. Spinners inokodzera zvakasiyana uye inotenderera kana kuti oscillating. Kana uchida, unogona kushandisa wobblers. Kuredza salmon netsvimbo inomonereka uchishandisa salmon nhunzi hakuna kunyanya kufarirwa. Pakukanda mabheti emwenje, mabhomba makuru (sbirulino) anoshandiswa. Nokuda kwekubata hove pakutanga kwemwaka, mumvura huru uye inotonhora, mabhomba anonyura uye nhunzi huru dzakatumirwa dzinoshandiswa.
Fly kuredza salmon
Paunosarudza tsvimbo yekubhururuka hove yesalmon, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvekufunga nezvazvo. Kana iri kusarudzwa kwetambo imwe chete kana maviri-maoko, zvose zvinoenderana, kutanga kune zvose, pane zvido zvemunhu, ruzivo rwemuredzi, pamwe chete nehukuru hwemvura uye nguva yekubata hove. Panzizi dzepakati nepakati, kushandiswa kwetsvimbo yeruoko rumwe zviri pachena kunoderedza mikana yemuredzi wenhunzi. Kubata hove netsvimbo dzakadaro kunowedzera simba-yakawanda uye naizvozvo kusanyanya kugadzikana, kunze kwekunge zvikepe zvemvura zvinobvumirwa pane dzimwe nzizi huru. Mvura yakakura, kana ichibata hove kubva kumahombekombe, inoratidzira mukana wekushandisa matanda akareba, kusanganisira matanda maviri-maoko anosvika mamita mashanu kureba. Kunyanya kana hove iri mumvura yakakwirira uye inotonhora, pakutanga kwemwaka, pamwe chete kana pane zvingaita mafashamo muzhizha. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekushandisa tsvimbo refu. Zvinhu zvakadai sekuwedzera kureba kwekukanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma egungwa zvinogonawo kuita basa, asi chinhu chikuru ndechekudzora chirauro mumvura ine simba yemvura yechitubu. Usakanganwa kuti nhunzi dzinorema uye dzakakura zvakakwana dzinoshandiswa. Kuti usarudze kirasi yevatambi vaviri, vanopfuurira kubva pamusimboti wekuti matanda ari pamusoro pekirasi yechipfumbamwe anoshandiswa mumvura yechitubu yekukandira machira echirimo, uremu hwayo, dzimwe nguva, hunopfuura makumi akati wandei emagiramu. Kana zhizha rakadzika rikaiswa, mvura inodziya uye hove dziri kushingaira kuruma muchikamu chepamusoro chemvura. Ipapo ndipo apo vabati vehove vazhinji vanochinjira kuhove dzemakirasi akareruka. Kuti uwedzere kubata hove, vazhinji vanobata hove vanoshandisa makirasi 5-9, pamwe nekuchinja, izvo zvakasiyana zvakanyanya muchimiro kubva kune spey tsvimbo uye kugadzira kumwe kushushikana pakutamba. Kune vanotanga uye vane hupfumi salmon fly hove, seyekutanga tsvimbo, zvinokurudzirwa kutenga tsvimbo ine maoko maviri, zvisinei, ye5th kirasi. Kazhinji kirasi yemazuva ano maviri-handers ichatsanangurwa, semuenzaniso, se6-9-8, iyo inotaura nezvekusiyana-siyana kwavo. Sarudzo yecoil inosvika pakuvimbika uye yakakwirira huwandu. Kusarudzwa kwekirasi yetsvimbo ine ruoko rumwe kunoenderana, kutanga kune zvese, pane ruzivo rwemunhu uye zvido. Asi inofanira kurangarirwa kuti kunyange nehove dzezhizha dzehove dzepakati-kati, vanotanga vanogona kunge vane matambudziko nekutamba hove dzakasimba. Nokudaro, hazvidiwi, parwendo rwekutanga rwekubata hove, kushandisa tsvimbo pasi pegiredhi 9. Panzizi uko kune mukana wekubata zvienzaniso zvakakura, kutsigirwa kwenguva refu kunodiwa. Kusarudzwa kwemutsara kunoenderana nemwaka wehove uye zvinofarirwa neanoredza, asi zvakakosha kuziva kuti kubata hove muzhizha, mvura inodziya, zviri nani kushandisa mitsara yakareba, "yakatetepa".
Salmon trolling
Trollers vanowanzo tsvaga salmon muzvikamu zvenzizi, mumvura yemahombekombe egungwa, pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, pamwe chete nemapoka ehove anogara mumadziva. Kazhinji salmon inowanikwa pakadzika kuseri kwemadziva emvura. Nokuomerera kumhepo yegungwa, salmon inogara mujeti dzayo. Salmon, inogara zvachose muGulf yeFinland, somuenzaniso, iduku. Kubata hofori yegumi makirogiramu budiriro huru, saka hapana chikonzero chemakungwa-yemhando yekutenderera tsvimbo. Asi pane matanda akasimba anoshandiswa, ane simba rekuwedzera reel uye masheya ehove tambo yakareba 10-150 m. Mahombe mahombe anowanzo shandiswa sechirauro. Kureba kwavo hakusi pasi pe200-18 cm (pakudzika kukuru - kubva pa20 cm). Ivo vanowanzo shongedzerwa nematei matatu. Zvishoma zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinorema oscillating baubles. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa yevanoshandiswa wobblers ndiyo inonzi "huskies". Iri izwi rinoreva zvese zvechinyakare Rapalovskie wobblers, uye zvigadzirwa zvemhando imwe chete navo kubva kune vamwe vanogadzira, pamwe neanogadzira kumba.
Bait
Sarudzo yenhunzi yekubata salmon yeAtlantic yakasarudzika uye yakasiyana kwazvo. Kumwero mukuru zvinoenderana nemwaka. Izvo zvakakodzera kuenderera kubva pamusimboti: mvura inotonhora - inorema mabheti; kana mvura ichidziya, uye hove ichikwira kumusoro kwemvura, ipapo nhunzi dziri pamagetsi ekutakura uye zvikorekedzo, kusvika kumusoro, furrowing. Saizi uye ruvara rwemachira zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nerwizi uye dunhu. Zvinogara zvakakodzera kubvunza vabati vehove vane ruzivo pachine nguva kuti ndezvipi zviredzo zvinofanira kushandiswa mune imwe nguva yenguva. Paunenge uchibata hove pamabhesi ehove, unofanirwa kushandisa zviredzo zvinopihwa nevatungamiriri. Salmon inogona kuchinja zvavanoda mukati mezuva, saka zvakaoma kuwana nenhamba shoma yezviredzo. Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe dzinoratidzwa nemamiriro okunze asina kugadzikana. Kunaya kukuru kwemvura kunogona kushandura zvakanyanya kupisa kwemvura yerwizi uye mwero wayo, izvo zvinoreva kuti mamiriro ekuredza achachinjawo. Nokudaro, kunyange pakati pezhizha, hazvizove zvakanyanyisa kuva nehuwandu hwenhunzi dzinonyura uye pasi pevhu.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Iyo anadromous mhando yesalmon yekuchamhembe kweAtlantic inogara munzvimbo yakakura: kubva kumahombekombe eNorth America kuenda kuGreenland, Iceland uye kumahombekombe eNorth, Barents uye Baltic Seas. MuRussia, inopinda munzizi dzinonzi makungwa, pamwe neGungwa Dzvuku, uye inosvika, kumabvazuva, Kara River (Ural). Mumadziva makuru (Imandra, Kuito, Ladoga, Onega, Kamennoe, nezvimwewo) kune mafomu emvura yakachena esalmon. Kazhinji, salmon inobatwa mumapopoma, mumapopoma, munzvimbo dzisina kudzika, pasi pemapopoma. Kubva muchikepe, vanobata hove pakati perwizi, kana nerubatsiro rwemukwasvi akabata chikepe chemvura, munzira, pane imwe nguva. Pakati pezhizha, kazhinji, kubata hove kunoitika munzvimbo dzepamusoro dzemvura. Chete apo kudzvinyirira kunodonha kunogona hove kuenda pedyo nepasi. Murwizi, kazhinji inowanikwa pedyo nezvipingamupinyi kana kuti iko iko iko kuderera zvishoma. Inonyanya kufarirwa inzvimbo inosanganisirwa majeti maviri kuita imwe pakati pemakomba mahombe. Kubata salmon munzizi diki zvakanyanya nyore, nekuti mavari inogara munzvimbo imwechete kwenguva refu.
Kubereka
Salmon inobereka munzvimbo dzepamusoro dzenzizi kubva muna Gumiguru kusvika Zvita. Kudzokera kurwizi rwekuzvarwa (homing) kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya. Kune mapoka e "chando nechirimo". Hono dzinokura kare zvikuru kupfuura hadzi, uye mune dzimwe nharaunda, nokukurumidza segore pashure pokunge dzaenda kugungwa, dzinodzokera kunobereka. Kazhinji, kukura kwehove kunoitika mumakore 1-4. Kutanga muchirimo uye pakupedzisira mumatsutso (kunyangwe, iyi ihama, salmon inopinda munzizi huru pasi peaizi), vakadzi vanopinda munzizi. Muzhinji, vanhurume vanotanga kuenda kurwizi nemvura inodziya. Hukuru hwehove hunosiyana zvikuru nenharaunda uye dura. Salmon inouya mumatsutso inongobereka gore rinouya. Isati yapinda murwizi, hove dzinogadzirisa kwenguva yakati munzvimbo yeestuarine kune shanduko yemunyu wemvura. Mushure mekupinda mumvura yakachena, inosangana nekuchinja kwemaitiro muhutano hwekudya uye inomira kudya. Hove dzechando dzine mafuta akawanda, hadzidye kwerinenge gore. Mumvura yakachena, hove dzinoshandurawo kunze ("kurasikirwa"). Madzimai anofarira kugadzira matendere muvhu. Kubereka kwesalmon kunosvika zviuru makumi maviri nemaviri mazai. Mushure mekubereka, imwe nhamba yehove inofa (kunyanya varume), vakadzi vanobereka, paavhareji, 22-5 nguva muhupenyu hwavo hwose. Mushure mekukura mukudonha, uye yarasikirwa nehuremu hwakakosha, hove dzinotanga kuwira mugungwa, uko zvishoma nezvishoma inotora kutaridzika kweyakajairika silverfish ". Makonye anochochonya muchirimo. Zvokudya - zooplankton, benthos, zvipembenene zvinobhururuka, hove dzechidiki. Kukunguruka mugungwa mushure mekunge aizi yanyura muchirimo. Kuredza salmon yeAtlantic muRussia yose kunobvumirwa, uye mwaka wehove unodzorwa ne "mitemo yekuvaraidza yekuredza". Mazuva anogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nenharaunda uye mamiriro ekunze.