Azygos vein (azygos: kubva muchiGiriki zvinoreva kuti "isina kana"), inonziwo azygos vein huru, itsinga iri muchipfuva.

nzvimbo. Azygos vein nematavi ayo anowanikwa pamwero wepamusoro lumbar region, pamwe chete pamwero wemadziro echipfuva.

mamiriro. Azygos vein ndiyo tsinga huru yeazygos venous system. Iyo yekupedzisira yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri:

• chikamu chakatwasuka chinosanganisira azygos vein kana great azygos vein;
• chikamu chekuruboshwe chinosanganisira madiki azygos kana hemiazygous tsinga, inoumbwa nehemiazygous tsinga, kana yakaderera hemiazygous tsinga, uye accessory hemiazygous tsinga, kana upper hemiazygous vein. (1) (2)

Vveine azygos

mavambo. Iyo azygos vein inotora mabviro ayo pakureba kwe11 yekurudyi intercostal space, uye kubva kune maviri masosi:

• tsime rinoumbwa nekubatana kwekodzero inokwira lumbar vein uye 12th right intercostal vein;
• chitubu chinoumbwa kungave nechekumashure kwepamusoro weiferior vena cava, kana nerudyi renal vein.

Nzira. Iyo azygos vein inosimuka ichienda nechekumberi kwemuviri wevertebral. Pamwero wechina dorsal vertebra, azygos vein inokombama uye inoumba arch kuti ibatane nepamusoro vena cava.

Matavi. Iyo azygos vein ine matavi akawanda echibatiso ayo achabatana nawo parwendo rwayo: ekupedzisira sere kurudyi posterior intercostal tsinga, kurudyi superior intercostal tsinga, bronchial uye esophageal tsinga, uyewo maviri hemiazygous tsinga. (1) (2)

Hemiazygous mutsinga

Origin. Iyo hemiazygous tsinga inomuka pakureba kwegumi neimwe kuruboshwe intercostal space, uye kubva kune maviri masosi:

• tsime rinosanganisira kubatana kwekuruboshwe kunokwira lumbar vein uye yechigumi nembiri kuruboshwe intercostal vein;
• chitubu chine tsinga yeruboshwe renal.

Nzira. Iyo hemiazygous tsinga inofamba ichikwira kuruboshwe rwemusana. Inobva yabatana neazygos vein pamwero we8th dorsal vertebra.

Mapazi. Iyo hemiazygous tsinga ine matavi echibatiso ayo achabatana nayo panguva yerwendo rwayo: yekupedzisira 4 kana 5 yakasiya intercostal tsinga. (1) (2)

Kuwedzera hemiazygous mutsinga

mavambo. The accessory hemiazygous vein inodonha kubva pa5th kusvika pa8th left posterior intercostal vein.

Nzira. Inodzika kuchiso chekuruboshwe chemiviri yevertebral. Inobatana neazygos vein pamwero we8th dorsal vertebra.

Matavi. Panzira, matavi echibatiso anopinda mutsinga yehemiazygous: tsinga dzebronchi uye dzepakati dzegurokuro.1,2

Iyo azygos venous system inoshandiswa kudonhedza ropa remhepo, murombo muokisijeni, kubva kumashure, madziro echipfuva, pamwe nemadziro emimba (1) (2).

Phlebitis. Iyo inonziwo venous thrombosis, chirwere ichi chinoenderana nekuumbwa kweropa rekuvhara ropa, kana thrombus, mutsinga. Iyi pathology inogona kutungamira kune akasiyana mamiriro senge venous insufficiency (3).

Venous insufficiency. Chirwere ichi chinoenderana nekusashanda zvakanaka kwe venous network. Kana izvi zvikaitika muazygos venous system, ropa re venous rinobva rashaikwa uye rinogona kukanganisa kutenderera kweropa rose (3).

Kurapwa. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hunoonekwa, mamwe madhiragi anogona kunyorerwa senge anticoagulants, kana kunyange antiaggregants.

Thrombolyse. Muedzo uyu unosanganisira kutyora thrombi, kana kugwamba kweropa, uchishandisa zvinodhaka. Mushonga uyu unoshandiswa panguva yemyocardial infarction.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuongorora zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. Kuti uone kana kusimbisa kuongororwa, doppler ultrasound kana CT scan inogona kuitwa.

Tsanangudzo yeazygos vein. Bartolomeo Eustachi, 16th century Italian anatomist uye chiremba, akatsanangura akawanda anatomical zvimiro zvinosanganisira azygos vein. (4)