Mitsipa yeropa (mudziyo: kubva kuzasi kweLatin vascellum, kubva kukirasi yechiLatin vasculum, zvichireva mudziyo mudiki, ropa: kubva muchiLatin sanguineus) inhengo dzekutenderera kweropa.

Tsananguro yakajairika. Mitsipa yeropa inoumba dunhu rakavharwa iro ropa rinotenderera. Iyi dunhu yakakamurwa kuita yakakura kutenderera kwemuviri uye diki pulmonary circulation. Midziyo iyi ine madziro ane machira matatu: (1) (2)

• Ijasi remukati, kana intima, inoumbwa nemasero emuvharo endothelium uye akavhara mukati mukati memidziyo;
• Nguo yepakati, kana midhiya, inoumba mupendero wepakati uye inoumbwa nemascular and elastic fibers;
• Iyo yekunze layer, kana adventitia, inoumba yekunze layer uye inoumbwa necollagen fibers uye fibrous tissues.

Mitsipa yeropa yakakamurwa kuita mapoka akasiyana (1)

• Mitsipa. Mitsipa inoumba midziyo iyo ropa, rakapfuma muokisijeni, rinosiya mwoyo kusvika kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri, kunze kwekutenderera kwepulmonary uye placental. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzetsinga zvichienderana nechimiro chadzo1.

  - Iyo yakasununguka-yerudzi arteri, iine hombe caliber, ine gobvu madziro uye inoumbwa nemazhinji elastic elastic tambo. Iwo anonyanya kugariswa pedyo nemoyo, senge aorta, kana pulmonary artery.

  -Muscular type arteries ine diki caliber uye madziro awo ane akawanda akatsetseka mhasuru fibers.

  - Iyo arterioles inowanikwa kumagumo eiyo arterial network, pakati pe arteri uye capillaries. Vanowanzo gara munzvimbo mune imwe nhengo uye havana jasi rekunze.

• Veins. Mitsipa ndiyo midziyo iyo ropa, rakashata muokisijeni, rinosiya periphery kusvika kumoyo, kunze kwekutenderera kwepulmonary uye placental. Kubva kuma capillaries, mavenules, madiki tsinga, anodzoreredza ropa murombo muokisijeni uye anobatana netsinga. (1) Yekupedzisira ine mudhuri mutete kupfuura tsinga. Rusvingo rwawo rune shinda shoma uye mhasuru fibers asi ine jira rekunze rakakora. Matsinga ane hunhu hwekukwanisa kuve neropa rakawanda kupfuura tsinga. Kuti zvive nyore kudzoka kwevenous, tsinga dzemakumbo ezasi dzine mavharuvhu. (2)
• Veins. Mitsipa ndiyo midziyo iyo ropa, rakashata muokisijeni, rinosiya periphery kusvika kumoyo, kunze kwekutenderera kwepulmonary uye placental. Kubva kuma capillaries, mavenules, madiki tsinga, anodzoreredza ropa murombo muokisijeni uye anobatana netsinga. (1) Yekupedzisira ine mudhuri mutete kupfuura tsinga. Rusvingo rwawo rune shinda shoma uye mhasuru fibers asi ine jira rekunze rakakora. Matsinga ane hunhu hwekukwanisa kuve neropa rakawanda kupfuura tsinga. Kuti zvive nyore kudzoka kwevenous, tsinga dzemakumbo ezasi dzine mavharuvhu. (2)
• Capillaries. Kugadzira matavi network, capillaries midziyo yakanaka kwazvo, ine dhayamita kubva 5 kusvika 15 micrometers. Ivo vanoita shanduko pakati pearterioles uye venule. Vanobvumira zvose kugoverwa kweokisijeni ropa uye zvokudya zvinovaka muviri; uye zvese kudzoreredzwa kwekabhoni dhaibhoni uye tsvina yemetabolism. (1)

Kugara nhaka. Mitsipa yeropa inovharwa netsitsi dzetsinga dzetsitsi kuti dzigadzirise dhayamita yadzo. (1)

Kugovera/Kubvisa. Iyo tsinga dzeropa dzinobvumira zvese kugoverwa kwevakavaka muviri uye kupora kwemetabolic marara.

Kutenderera kweropa. Mitsipa yeropa inoumba dunhu rakavharwa. Ropa rine hupfumi hwakawanda rinosiya ventricle yekuruboshwe yemoyo kuburikidza neaorta. Iyo inotevedzana ichipfuura arteri, arterioles, capillaries, venules uye tsinga. Mune capillaries, kuchinjana kwezvokudya uye tsvina kunoitika. Ropa risina kudya kunovaka muviri rinobva rasvika paatrium chaiyo yemoyo kuburikidza netwo vena cavae risati razvipfumisa mune zvinovaka muviri uye kutangazve rwendo rwaro nemuviri. (1) (2)

Matambudziko ane chekuita neBP. Kuwedzera kweropa kumadziro etsinga kunogona kutungamirira kuhutano hwepamusoro uye kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yechirwere chevascular.3 Kusiyana neizvi, kuderera kwakanyanya kunokonzera kuderera kweropa.

Thrombosis. Iyi pathology inoenderana nekuumbwa kwekuvhara ropa mutsinga yeropa (4).

Kurohwa. Cerebrovascular accident, kana sitiroko, inoratidzwa nekuvharika kwemudziyo weropa muuropi, sekuumbwa kweropa kana kuputika kwemudziyo. (4)

Phlebitis. Iyo inonziwo venous thrombosis, chirwere ichi chinoenderana nekuumbwa kweropa, kana thrombus, mutsinga. Magwamba aya anogona kufamba uye kuenda kumusoro kune inferior vena cava. Iyi pathology inogona kutungamira kune akasiyana mamiriro senge venous insufficiency, kureva kusashanda kwe venous network (5).

Zvirwere zvemwoyo. Dzinosanganisira dzakawanda pathologies dzakadai myocardial infarction kana angina pectoris. Kana zvirwere izvi zvikaitika, tsinga dzeropa dzinowanzobatwa uye dzinogona kunyanya kukonzera kusakwana kweokisijeni. (6) (7)

Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Zvichienderana nechirwere chinowanikwa, mamwe mishonga inogona kurongerwa senge anticoagulants, anti-aggregants, kana kunyange anti-ischemic agents.

Thrombolyse. Inoshandiswa panguva yekurohwa, kurapwa uku kunosanganisira kupwanya iyo thrombi, kana kuwanda kweropa, nerubatsiro rwemishonga. (5)

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nechirwere chinowanikwa uye nekushanduka kwayo, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kudikanwa.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuitira kuti uone uye kuongorora marwadzo anoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. X-ray, CT, MRI, coronary angiography, CT angiography, kana arteriography bvunzo dzinogona kushandiswa kusimbisa kana kudzamisa kuongororwa.

• Doppler ultrasound. Iyi chaiyo ultrasound inoita kuti zvikwanise kucherechedza kuyerera kweropa.

William Harvey, chiremba wechiRungu wezana ramakore rechi 16 nerechi 17, anozivikanwa nokuda kwebasa rake uye zvaakawana pamusoro pokushanda kwokutenderera kweropa.