Zvikepe motors

Kusarudza motokari yechikepe hakusi nyore sezvinoratidzika pakutanga kuona; pakati pezvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvinoratidzwa, zvakaoma chaizvo kusarudza yakanyatsokodzera modhi. Boat motors ane akawanda marudzi, hunhu hunodiwa huchabatsira kufunga izvi. Kuti iyo yakasarudzwa modhi ikwane zvakakwana iyo ngarava yemvura, zvinodikanwa kuti udzidze assortment isati yasvika uye kudzidza nzira yekubvisa zvisina kufanira sarudzo. Mitemo yekusarudza inokurukurwa zvakadzama pasi apa.

Mhando dzeoutboard motors

Vachienda kudhamu kana kuti dhamu, vabati vehove vanowanzoona kuti zvikepe ndizvo zvavasisina. Uye avo vane zvikwasvi mumaoko avo havazokwanisi kushambira kure, vachafanira kushanda zvakawanda nokuda kweizvi, asi ikozvino uye mamiriro ekunze anogona kuita zvigadziridzo zvavo pakufamba kwemvura.

Kuisa mota kunobatsira kuchengetedza simba, uye zvinonyanya kukosha, munguva pfupi, mubati wehove anenge ari munzvimbo chaiyo uye achakwanisa kupa nguva yakawanda kune yake yaanofarira yekutandara. Rwendo rwokuenda kuchitoro chemotokari yechikepe nguva yekutanga inogona kunge isiri kubudirira kutenga, zvitoro zvekutengesa zvinowanzopa sarudzo huru yezvigadzirwa izvi. Kuti kutenga kukudziridze nekukasira, iwe unofanirwa kuziva mashoma ehunhu hunodiwa, kutanga kubva kwavanoita sarudzo.

Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza kuti ndeipi mota inokodzera mhando. Zvikepe zvemazuva ano zvinokubvumira kuti uise marudzi maviri, peturu nemagetsi, imwe neimwe ichava nemativi ayo akanaka uye akaipa. Mukuwedzera, chinhu chakakosha mune chimwe nechimwe chazvo chichava chigadziro chinoita kuti mhizha ifambe.

sikuruu

Kune mapropeller, kufamba kunoitwa nekutenderedza propeller. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa pamhando dzose dzekutakura kwemvura, ine dhizaini iri nyore uye inodhura.

Iyi dhizaini inonyanya kufarirwa pakadzika, mvura isina kudzika haidiwi nayo. Pakudzika kwakadzika, screw inogona kubata pazvinomera, snags, pasi uye kungopwanya.

Turbine

Turbine magadzirirwo anoshanda zvishoma zvakasiyana, iyo screw pachayo yakavanzwa mavari. Igwa rinosundwa nemvura iri kusvetwa mukati kune rimwe divi ndokusaidzirwa kunze kune rimwe divi nepropeller.

Mhando iyi yemota inogona kushandiswa kunyangwe pakadzika pasi, kubva pa30 cm. Iyo turbine drive haityi mvura yakasvibiswa, inowanzoiswa pazvikepe pamahombekombe, skiing yemvura inoitwa chete neicho mota dhizaini.

Screw dip kugadzirisa

Kunyudzwa kwepropeller kusina kukwana hakuzokwanisi kubvumira mhizha kuti ifambe zvakanaka mumvura, kunyange propeller ine simba inokambaira sekamba. Kana iyo screw yakanyudzwa pasi peyakajairwa, izvi zvinogadzira mumwe mutoro pamota. Kuti udzivise kuomerwa, mota dzemagetsi dzakashongedzerwa nekugadziriswa pasina kurereka, nepo mota dzepeturu dzichidzorwa nekurerekera kune yakatwasuka axis.

Panyama paramende

Pane zviratidzo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kusarudzwa kwemotokari yechikepe. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzvitarise, kuchengetedzwa kwekufamba uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoenderana navo.

Kurema uye kukura

Nei zviratidzo izvi zvichidikanwa, anotanga haazonzwisisi, zviratidzo zvehuremu zvakakosha pakuverenga chiyero chemhizha uye kukwanisa kwayo kutakura. Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti uremu peturu injini inoratidzwa pasina kufunga nezvemafuta tangi. Mukuwedzera, zviyero zvinofanira kuenderana nekukura kwechikepe.

Mota dzemagetsi dzinorema zvishoma pane injini dzepeturu.

Huremu hwemotokari hunoenderana nesimba, bhiza rinovanzwa mukati, kurema kwechinhu chacho uye hukuru hwayo huchave hunoshamisa. Huremu hwemotor hunobva pa3 kusvika 350 kg, nepo huremu hunoenderana nesimba rebhiza sezvinotevera:

• 6 mabhiza anorema kusvika 20 kg;
• 8 mabhiza kusvika 30 kg;
• 35 horsepower inoshanduka kuita 70 kg.

Transom urefu

Iyo transom iri kumashure, injini yakaiswa pairi. Kuti kuisirwa kubudirire uye screw iwanikwe pahupamhi hunodiwa, zvinodikanwa kusarudza mota chaiyo zvinoenderana nechiratidzo ichi. Kudomwa kwechiratidzo ichi mupasipoti kune zvese chikepe uye mota inoitwa nemavara echiLatin, decoding inodiwa:

• S inoshandiswa kuratidza transom mu 380-450 mm;
• L inomirira 500-570 mm;
• X inoenderana ne600-640 mm kureba;
• U ine huwandu hunokwanisika hunokosha, hunova 650-680 mm pakureba.

Iyo anti-cavitation plate yeoutboard mota uye pasi peiyo transom inofanira kunge ine gap re15-25 mm.

Mounting mhando

Kukwirisa mota kune hunyanzvi zvakare kwakakosha, mhando ina dzave kushandiswa:

• iyo yakaoma nzira ichagadzirisa dhiraivha pane transom zvakasimba, hazvizogoneki kuishandura;
• rotary inobvumira mota kufamba ichitevedza vertical axis;
• iyo nzira yekupeta inoratidzirwa nekufamba kwemota yakatwasuka;
• swing-out inobvumira mota kuti ifambe yakatwasuka uye yakatwasuka.

Iyo yekupedzisira mhando yefastener inorerutsa zvakanyanya manejimendi ehunyanzvi.

Kusimudza mota

Mamwe mamiriro pamvura anoda kusimudza mota; kusungirira munzvimbo dzisina kudzika pasina izvi hazvigoneke. Pane nzira mbiri dzekusimudza injini:

• yakasimudzwa nemaoko ine tiller, michina yakadai iri pamabhoti madiki ane injini dzakareruka, zvinorema uye zvine simba mota hazvigone kusimudzwa nenzira iyi;
• iyo electro-hydraulic mechanism inosimudza mota pakubata kwebhatani, haina kudhura, saka inogona kuwanikwa kazhinji pamamotor ane simba emabhoti makuru.

Iyo mota iri munzvimbo yakasimudzwa panguva yekupaka kwenguva refu ichave isinganyanyi kubatwa nekuora, izvo zvichawedzera kushanda kwayo.

Injini dzinopisa mukati

Kazhinji, injini dzinopisa mukati dzinoshandiswa kune simba guru uye, maererano naizvozvo, kukurumidza kufamba pamvura; ivo vanoratidzwa nekushandiswa kwemafuta emvura. Kune misiyano yakawanda pakati pemamota akadaro, asi kunewo maitiro akajairika.

Uwandu sepombi

Liquid mafuta motors anoshanda nekuda kwekufamba kwepiston mavari. Kune maviri-stroke uye mana-stroke injini, mudziyo wekutanga ndewechinyakare, iwo anoshandiswa kushongedza mabhoti madiki madaro mapfupi. Zvine-stroke zvine simba zvakanyanya, uye zvakasiyana muhukuru kubva kuhama dzavo duku.

Iyo maviri-cylinder mota ine dhizaini iri nyore, inoita kuti zvive nyore kushanda. Iwo akachipa, asi haagone kushandiswa padyo nemahombekombe kana munzvimbo dzine pasi-avhareji ecology.

Masilinda mana achave ane simba rakawanda, asi achatorawo imwe nzvimbo, kazhinji anoshandiswa kutsika.

Ukuru hwekushanda

Injini simba papeturu yakanangana nekamuri yekupisa. Iyo yakakura kamuri yekushanda, iyo yakawanda mafuta inopedzwa uye yakakwirira injini simba.

Mafuta ekushandiswa

Injini simba zvakananga zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwemafuta anopedzwa, chiyero chemafuta anoshandiswa paawa yebasa chichava chiratidzo ichi. Paunosarudza mota, iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa kudyiwa kwemafuta, mhando dzakasiyana dzine simba rimwechete dzinogona kudya huwandu hwakasiyana.

rudzi rwemafuta

Chimiro chemafuta chakakosha pakushanda kwakajairika kweinjini. Nhamba dzesimba dzichagara dziri pamusoro kana mafuta ane octane rating yeinenge yakataurwa ikashandiswa. Mafuta ane chiyero chepamusoro anogona kushandiswa, izvi hazvizokanganisa kushanda kwemota.

Mhando ye lubrication system

Pasina lubrication, motokari haigoni kushanda kwenguva yakareba, simba rakawanda, mafuta akawanda achadiwa. Lubrication inogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri:

• bhuku rinoshandiswa mune akareruka magadzirirwo, musanganiswa unogadzirwa nemaoko, saka zita. Kubika kunoda kutarisisa kwakanyanya, zviyero zvinofanirwa kunyatsocherechedzwa.
• Yakaparadzana inoshandiswa mumhando dzeinjini dzinodhura, oiri inodururwa mukamuri yayo, uye peturu mune yayo. Kupfuurirazve, panguva yekushanda, iyo sisitimu pachayo inoronga kuti yakawanda sei mafuta inoda kupihwa.

Iyo yekupedzisira sarudzo haizozvibvumiri zvikanganiso, izvo zvinoreva kuti mota ichashanda kwenguva yakareba pasina kukundikana.

rusununguko

Nzira nhatu dzakasiyana dzinogona kushandiswa kutanga mota yekunze:

• iyo yemanyorero nzira inongobatanidza tambo, iyo inounza mota mukushanda mamiriro. Iyi inzira yakachipa uye inoshanda iyo imwe mari isingadikanwi.
• Nzira yemagetsi inoreva kuvapo kwekutanga iyo inowedzera simba nebhatiri. Matanho akadaro anodhura uye anotora nzvimbo yakakosha.
• Mhando yakasanganiswa inosanganisira zvose zviri pamusoro apa nzira. Kazhinji, kutanga kunoshandiswa nguva dzose, asi kana pane dambudziko, tambo inoputika ichava mubatsiri mukuru.

Iyo yakasanganiswa system inoshandiswa kune zvikepe kubva ku25-45 horsepower.

Motokari yemagetsi

Kuita kwemota ine bhatiri inoyerwa zvishoma zvakasiyana, inoratidza kusunda. Iyi parameter inoratidzwa kune vatengi mumakirogiramu, kuti usarudze mota yakakodzera, unofanirwa kutanga wadzidza tafura ine zviratidzo zverudzi rwese rwechikepe nechikamu chehuremu.

Mabhatiri anoshanda senge sosi yemagetsi, mota imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa yayo yega voltage. Kazhinji kacho, mabhatiri anoburitsa 12 volts, saka kune mota ine 24-volt kunyudzwa, zvinofanirwa kuve nemidziyo miviri yakadaro yakabatana mumutsara.

Simba remota yemagetsi rinoenderana nehupamhi hwemazuva ano inopedzwa, nepo kuti injini ishande zvakajairika, iyo yakanyanya bhatiri yekuburitsa ikozvino inofanirwa kudarika iyo inopedzwa nemotor ne15% -20%.

Zvinhu zvakakosha

Pakusarudza injini yechikepe, kutarisa kunokweverwa kune zvese, asi ndizvo here? Ndezvipi zvinonyanya kukosha zviratidzo uye hunhu huchakanganisa kushanda kwehunyanzvi? Pakusarudza injini, kutarisa kunotariswa pane akati wandei. Zvadaro, tichavatarisa zvakadzama.

simba

Chiratidzo ichi chinoyerwa musimba rebhiza, kukura kwenhamba yavo, ndiko kukurumidza kunoita ngarava yemvura kufamba nepakati pedhamu. Injini yakasimba inoiswawo pazvikepe zvinorema, kutakura simba kwakakoshawo pano.

Emergency chinja

Basa iri rinokosha zvikuru, nokuti kana munhu akapinda muchikepe, chikepe chinoramba chisina simba. Iyo yekukurumidzira switch ichabatsira kudzivirira mhedzisiro yakaipa mune ino mamiriro. Usati wapinda mumvura, rudzi rwebracelet ine chisungo chakakosha chinoiswa paruoko. Kana munhu akadhonza tambo zvakasimba, injini inomira, igwa rinomira.

Max RPM

Kukurumidza kwechikepe kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwenhamba yekuchinja, iyo yakawanda iyo iri nani kuti isapfuure. Inofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kushanda kwepamusoro kunowanikwa nekuwedzera chiyero chemheremhere. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuitira kuti udzivise kuwandisa, gadziriro yekudzivirira inovakwa mukati, iyo isingabvumiri kupisa.

Nhamba yekumhanya

Injini yepeturu ine kubva pa2 kusvika ku5 kumhanya, iyo inoshandurwa kuburikidza nebhokisi regiya. Kune mota dzemagetsi, switching is otomatiki uye yakapfava.

Boat motor kutonhora

Outboard mota dzinoshandisa imwe yeaviri ekutonhodza masisitimu:

• mweya unoonekwa seusingashande, nenzira iyi chete mota dzinosvika gumi neshanu dzinogona kutonhodzwa;
• mvura inoshandisa mvura kubva mugomba, kushandiswa kwayo kwakaoma munzizi dzakasvibiswa nemadziva kana mumadziva ane zvakawanda zvinomera.

Mvura inonyanya kufarirwa, inodhura uye inoshanda.

kufamba

Iyo yekufambisa system inoyera kumhanya uye inodzora gwara rechikepe. Magiya matatu anoshandiswa seyakajairwa:

• kumberi kunoenda kumberi uye kazhinji kune kumhanya kwakati wandei;
• iyo yekumashure inoshandiswa kufambisa chikepe kumashure, zvidhori zvakachipa zvingasavepo zvachose;
• kusarerekera kunobvumira chikepe kuti chive panzvimbo neinjini ichimhanya.

Izvo zvinodiwa kuti utange injini negiya kubva, zvikasadaro injini icharemerwa.

Kusiyana kwemaitiro ekudzora

Kudzora kwemudziyo kunokosha zvakare; kune zvikepe zviduku uye zvepakati, tiller inoshandiswa. Kune mamwe ane simba, maremote control masisitimu anoshandiswa.

Kune zvakare yakasanganiswa mhando yekutonga, chete ivo havana kuiswa pamhando dzese dzezvikepe. Usati wasarudza kutonga, unofanira kutanga wabvunza kana izvi zvichibvira kune chikepe chako.

Remote kudzora masisitimu

Kutungamira kunosanganisira marudzi matatu:

• mechanical inoitwa uchishandisa tambo dzinoiswa pamativi. Kushandura chidhiraivho kunosimbisa kana kusunungura tambo, dzinogadzirisa kufamba.
• Hydraulic inoshandiswa kune zvikepe zvine huwandu hwemabhiza anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu. Iko mari yakakwirira ndiyo chete drawback, kana zvisina kudaro hutungamiri hwakakwana. Zvinokwanisika kubatanidza autopilot.
• Iyo yemagetsi sisitimu yakafanana neiyo mechanical, chete tambo yakaiswa panzvimbo yetambo. Iyi nzira inogona kudzora michina yakawanda panguva imwe chete.

Remote masisitimu ndiwo akareruka, haadi kushandiswa kwesimba, uye kutonga kweanorima pasina kutariswa nguva dzose hazvibviri.