Vamiririri ve cyprinids vanowanikwa munenge miviri yose yemvura yakachena yekuchamhembe kwehemisphere. Vanofarira hove vave vachiziva nzira dzekubata crucian, carp, carp, uye bream hazvisi izvo. Mumiririri wekupedzisira ari nyore kuziva nechimiro chemuviri uye ruvara, zvisinei, kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvebream zvine maitiro chaiwo anoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuziva. Tevere, isu tichadzidza ese subspecies yeanonyengera uye akangwarira mumiriri we cyprinids anogara pasirese.
Kuwanda
Inorondedzerwa se carp, uye nzvimbo yayo yekugovera yakakura. Hove dzine ruzivo rwehove munzizi uye mumadhamu ane mvura isingayerere, asi hapana kuverengeka kwenzvimbo dzekugara. Bream inogona kuwanikwa nyore mumabheseni emakungwa mazhinji:
- Nhema;
- Azov;
- Baltic;
- Northern;
- Caspian.
Akamanikidzwa kupinda mumadziva eSiberia, asi mamiriro ekunze akafamba zvakanaka. Nhasi, nhamba yevagari veichthy inokosha.
Mumvura yakadzikama, mumiriri we cyprinids anorarama kwenguva yakareba, asi saizi yaro yakakura, asi munzizi, tarisiro yehupenyu ipfupi, uye haawanzo kusvika kuhukuru hukuru.
Zvakajairika maficha
Iwe unogona kuziva ichthyovite nemaitiro emuviri, pamwe nekudya. Nzvimbo dzezvipenyu zvemarudzi ose hadzina kunyanya kusiyana, saka zvakare tichatarisa zvose zvinozvisiyanisa kubva kune dzimwe hove dziri mumadhamu.
| chikamu chemuviri | tsananguro |
| dorsal | nhete uye pfupi |
| muswe fin | kwete symmetrical, pamusoro ipfupi pane pasi |
| musana | ine matanda makumi matatu, inobatsira kuchengetedza kugadzikana |
| Musoro | diki muhukuru maererano nemuviri, ine mitsara miviri ye pharyngeal mazino, 5 mune imwe neimwe |
Kukura kwegore mumakore mana ekutanga ndeye 300-400 g, ipapo munhu akakura haawani zvinopfuura 150 g pagore.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza mutsauko mukuyaruka kwebream, mumvura yekuchamhembe inosvika pazera remakore 5-7, kumaodzanyemba kwemaodzanyemba mumiririri we cyprinids anogona kubereka makore mana.
Semusha, hove inosarudza nzvimbo dzakadzika munzvimbo yemvura ine hushoma huripo, uye sarudzo dzine miti yakawanda iri pedyo inokwezvawo.
Bream marudzi
Ihove inorondedzerwa se carp, asi bream chete inomiririra genus. Zvisinei, iyo yakasiyana-siyana yejenasi yakanyungudutswa nemapoka emarudzi, nyanzvi dzinosiyanisa:
- zvakajairika;
- Danube;
- eastern;
- nhema;
- Volga.
Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane nzvimbo yake yekugara uye ane maitiro ega, izvo zvatichadzidza zvakanyanya zvakadzama.
Kazhinji
Tichifunga nezvese zvipenyu, ndiyo iyi inogona kunzi chiyero, kana kuti mumiriri wayo mukuru wepabonde. Inogara pakati peRussia, iyo inonzi European bream, iyo nhamba inokosha.
Iyo yakajairwa ine zvinotevera maitiro:
- ruvara rwemativi rwakatsvuka, ndarama kana ruvara;
- zvimbi zvose zvine muganhu wakasviba, ruvara rukuru igrey;
- peritoneum yellowish;
- musoro muduku maererano nemuviri, maziso makuru, muromo muduku, unopera muchubhu.
Chimiro chezvipenyu ndeye scaleless keel iri pakati pe peritoneum uye anal fin. Vechidiki verudzi urwu vanosiyaniswa, ruvara rwavo rwakasiyana nevamiriri vevakuru. Kukura kwechidiki kweyakajairwa kazhinji ine grey ruvara, ndosaka vabati vehove vanowanzo vhiringa bream nekusaziva ne bream.
Huremu hwepakati huri mukati me2-4 kg, nepo urefu hwemuviri huri 35-50 cm. Variants mumatanho akadaro anoonekwa semukombe, nepo huremu hunogona kusvika 6 kg.
Iwe unogona kubata uyu mumiriri we cyprinids pasina zvirambidzo; vakawanda vavo vanogara munharaunda yenyika yedu. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo Danube uye Volga bream.
Muchena kana wekuMabvazuva
Yakawira kune iyi mhando kuti iratidze Far Eastern fauna, ndiyo inogona kuwanikwa muAmur basin.
Iyo yekumabvazuva bream ine chitarisiko chakafanana kune yakajairika mhando, iyo chete inosiyanisa iyo yakasviba ruvara rwekumashure, ruvara rwayo rwunosiyana kubva kune yakasviba kusvika kune yakasvibira. Dumbu reAmur bream ine sirivha, iyo inoisiyanisa kubva kune vamiririri verudzi rwayo.
Mhando iyi inokura kusvika masendimita makumi mashanu, nepo huremu hwepamusoro hahuna kusvika 50 kg. Chikafu chinonyanyo sanganisira chikafu chezvirimwa, diatoms chinhu chinofarirwa, asi detritus imhuka inonaka ye bream.
Kubata hove munzvimbo dzekugara kunoitwa zvakanyanya pane zvinoyangarara, uye kwete chete sarudzo dzekudyara dzinowanzo pahoko sechirauro. Zvakanakisisa zvezvose, rudzi urwu ruchapindura kune zvitsvuku zvitsvuku, ropa, mago.
Nhema
Mumwe mumiririri weFar Eastern nyika, bream yakasviba inogara pedyo neAmur, asi nhamba dzayo dzakanyanya kuduku.
Chinhu chakasiyana cherudzi urwu ruvara, musana wakasviba, mativi uye dumbu zvichave zvishoma zvishoma. Mazuva ano, hupenyu uye maitiro emhando iyi haanzwisisike zvakanyanya, saka hazvigoneke kuwana data rakarurama chero kupi zvako. Vazhinji varedzi vanoedza kusunungura mumiriri uyu we cyprinids kuitira kuti avape mukana wekubereka.
Sezvazvakazoitika, hapana mashoma mashoma emhando dzebream, uye huwandu hweanenge ese ese akanaka. Zvisinei, hatifaniri kufuratira zvinorambidzwa uye zvinorambidzwa kubata hove, zviri musimba redu chete kuchengetedza genus kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.