Mukaka wezamu - ndiyo chiyero mukudya kwevacheche?

Unoziva here kuti chii chiri muchikafu chako? Mukaka waamai wagara uchionekwa sechikafu chevana chakasiyana uye chakakodzera. Asi nei izvi zvakadaro? Masayendisiti kubva kumativi ose enyika ave achidzidza kuumbwa kwayo kwemakore akawanda, achiedza kuputsa kukwana uku kwechisikigo kuita zvinhu zvakakosha. Kutenda kune tekinoroji yepamberi, tinodzidza zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya nezvemukaka wezamu, uye zvakadaro zvimwe zvinongedzo uye mabasa echishamiso ichi chechisikigo zvichiri zvakafukidzwa nechakavanzika.

Zviri nyore irreplaceable yakanaka

Pasinei nezvidzidzo zvakawanda pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemukaka wemukaka, mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pemukaka wevanhu inoramba isina kupindurwa. Zvisinei, chimwe chinhu chisingarambiki - mukaka waamai chikafu chakakosha chemucheche. Nyanzvi dzeWorld Health Organisation (WHO) dzinokurudzira kuyamwisa mwana chete kwemwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga yeupenyu hwemwana uye kuenderera mberi kwayo kusvika pazera remakore maviri kana kupfuura, pamwe chete nekuwedzera kwekudya kwemwana panguva imwe chete. Zvinofadza kuti hazvibviri kubereka zvakakwana chikafu chevakadzi. Sei? Kuumbwa kwemukaka wemukadzi inyaya yega- amai mumwe nomumwe, zvichienderana nenharaunda yaanogara, mamiriro ehutano kana kudya, ane chimiro chakasiyana chekudya. Kuumbwa kwemukaka wemukaka kunoenderana nenguva yezuva - semuenzaniso usiku kune mafuta akawanda mairi.

Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu izvi zvinogadzira chiitiko chezvisikwa

Haasi munhu wose anoziva nezvesimba guru remukaka waamai - zvichienderana nekuongorora kwevesainzi, zvakaonekwa kuti ine zvinenge zvese zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa muhuwandu hwakakodzera uye chiyero (kunze kwevhitamini D uye K, iyo inofanira kuwedzerwa se zvakanyorwa nachiremba) . Vose pamwe chete vanogadzira imwe yakasiyana-siyana yezvigadzirwa, iri pedyo nezvinodiwa nemwana. Pakati pavo panofanira kutaurwa:

  1. zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana - kusanganisira antibodies, mahomoni uye enzymes;
  2. nucleotides - chinhu chakakosha chemaitiro akawanda emagetsi. Vanokurudzira kugadzirwa kwemasoja ekudzivirira chirwere uye kuwedzera basa remasero eantimicrobial;
  3. maminerari nemavhitaminzi - anotsigira kukura kunoenderana, kushanda kwenhengo uye chimiro chemeno nemapfupa emwana [1]; l oligosaccharides [2] - muzvokudya zvaamai kune zvinopfuura 1000 zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfupi-uye-refu-chain chain oligosaccharides muchikamu che9: 1, iyo inoumba zvakawanda sezvirongwa zve200 zvakasiyana;
  4. mafuta - iyo huru inopa simba. Pakati pavo pane refu-chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids, yakakosha pakukura kwehuropi uye maonero;
  5. makabhohaidhiretsi – chikafu chemukadzi chine kunyanya lactose, kureva shuga yemukaka, chikamu chikuru chakasimba chemukaka waamai.
  1. zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana - kusanganisira antibodies, mahomoni uye enzymes;
  2. nucleotides - chinhu chakakosha chemaitiro akawanda emagetsi. Vanokurudzira kugadzirwa kwemasoja ekudzivirira chirwere uye kuwedzera basa remasero eantimicrobial;
  3. maminerari nemavhitaminzi - anotsigira kukura kunoenderana, kushanda kwenhengo uye chimiro chemeno nemapfupa emwana [1]; l oligosaccharides [2] - muzvokudya zvaamai kune zvinopfuura 1000 zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfupi-uye-refu-chain chain oligosaccharides muchikamu che9: 1, iyo inoumba zvakawanda sezvirongwa zve200 zvakasiyana;
  4. mafuta - iyo huru inopa simba. Pakati pavo pane refu-chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids, yakakosha pakukura kwehuropi uye maonero;
  5. makabhohaidhiretsi – chikafu chemukadzi chine kunyanya lactose, kureva shuga yemukaka, chikamu chikuru chakasimba chemukaka waamai.

Unoziva here kuti nei mucheche achibvuma kuravira kwezvokudya zvaamai?

Kutenda kune lactose yemukati, mukaka wezamu une kutapira kunotapira. Mwana anozvarwa aine chido chekuda kuravidza zvinotapira, saka anoda chaizvo kudya chikafu chaamai.

Kuva pedyo kwakakosha…

Mai vese vanoda kuva nemwana wavo. Kutenda kuva pedyo, mwana anonzwa achidiwa uye akachengeteka. Asi kuva pedyo kwakakoshawo mune zvimwe zvinhu, semadyiro atinoita. Mukaka waamai uri padyo nezvido zvemwana – iyo yakasarudzika kuumbwa kwezvigadzirwa zvinopa muviri wechidiki nemidziyo inodiwa pakukura kwakabatana. Kana kudya nekudya kwechisikigo hakugoneki, vabereki vanofanira kusarudza nzira yakakodzera mushure mekubvunza chiremba wevana. Zvakakodzera kuyeuka izvozvo ingave chigadzirwa chine chimiro chakafemerwa nemukaka waamai, hachisi chinhu chimwe chete, asi chimiro chavo chese.. Nutricia masayendisiti anga achidzidza zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvikafu zvekudya zvaamai kwemakore anopfuura makumi mana, vachiedza kufemerwa nekukwana kwechisikigo. Ndosaka Bebilon 40 yakagadzirwa - chimiro chakakwana [2] chine zvakare zvimwe zvinongedzo zvinongoitika mumukaka waamai. Nekuda kweizvi, zvinopa mwana mabhenefiti akawanda, anosanganisira kutsigira kukura kwakaringana, kusanganisira kushanda kwesimba remuviri wemuviri, uye kukura kweruzivo rwekuziva [3]. Zvose zvinoita mukaka wakagadziridzwa kazhinji kazhinji unokurudzirwa navana chiremba muPoland[5].

mashoko anokosha: Kuyamwisa inzira yakakodzera uye yakachipa yekudyisa vacheche uye inokurudzirwa kuvana vadiki pamwe nekudya kwakasiyana-siyana. Mukaka waamai une zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kuti mucheche akure zvakanaka uye unomudzivirira pazvirwere neutachiona. Kuyamwisa kunopa migumisiro yakanakisisa kana amai vakanyatsogadziriswa panguva yekuzvitakura uye lactation, uye kana pasina kudyisa kusina kukodzera kwemwana. Asati asarudza kuchinja nzira yekudya, amai vanofanira kubvunza chiremba wavo.

[1] Ballard O, Morrow AL. Kuumbwa kwemukaka wevanhu: zvinovaka muviri uye bioactive zvinhu. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60(1):49-74.

[2] Moukarzel S, Bode L. Mukaka wevanhu oligosaccharides uye mucheche asati asvika: rwendo mukurwara uye muhutano. Clin perinatol. 2017;44(1):193-207.

[3] Bebilon 2 kuumbwa maererano nemutemo. Mukaka waAmai unewo zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana, zvinosanganisira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, mahormone nemaenzayimu.

[4] Bebilon 2, maererano nemutemo, ine mavhitaminzi A, C uye D akakosha pakushanda kwesimba rekudzivirira muviri uye ayodhini nesimbi zvakakosha pakukura kwemabasa ekuziva.

[5] Pakati pemukaka unotevera, zvichibva paongororo yakaitwa naKantar Polska SA muna Kukadzi 2019.

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