Mukati
Cancer (muchidimbu)
Le kenza chirwere chinotyisa, chinowanzoonekwa se "chirwere chakaipisisa". Ndiyo inotungamira honzeri yerufu isati yasvika makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu, muCanada neFrance. Vanhu vakawanda vari kubatwa negomarara mazuva ano, asi zvinofadza kuti vazhinji vari kupora kubva mariri. |
Kune marudzi anopfuura zana egomarara, kana chiremara chakaipa, iyo inogona kuiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye nhengo.
Mune vanhu vane kenza, mamwe masero anowanda nenzira yakanyanyisa uye isingadzorwi. Majini emasero aya akaregedzerwa akachinja, kana kuti kuchinja. Dzimwe nguva the kenza masero pinda munyama yakapoteredza, kana kuti kubva pabundu rekutanga uye kutamira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri. Ndivo” metastases ".
Magomarara mazhinji anotora makore akati wandei kuti aumbe. Inogona kuoneka pazera ripi neripi, asi inowanzowanikwa muvanhu vane makore 60 zvichikwira.
taura pfungwa. benign tumors haisi kenza: haigoni kuparadza nyama iri pedyo uye inopararira mumuviri wose. Vanogona, zvisinei, kuisa kumanikidza panhengo kana tishu.
Zvinokonzera
Muviri une panoply yemidziyo kugadzirisa genetic "kukanganisa" kana kuparadza zvachose masero anogona kuita kenza. Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva maturusi aya haana kukwana kune chimwe chikonzero kana chimwe.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukurumidza kana kukonzera kubuda kwegomarara. Uyezve, zvinotendwa kuti kazhinji kazhinji seti yezvipingamupinyi zvinotungamira kugomarara. THE’zera chinhu chinokosha. Asi zvino zvave kugamuchirwa kuti zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvekenza dzegomarara zvinokonzerwa nazvo maitiro ehupenyu, kunyanya kusvuta uyechikafu. Kuratidzwa kune carcinogens iripo mumhepo mvura nenzvimbo (kusvibiswa kwemhepo, zvinhu zvine chepfu zvinobatwa kubasa, mishonga yezvipembenene, nezvimwewo) zvinowedzerawo njodzi yekenza. Pakupedzisira, the nhaka yaizova nemhosva ye5% kusvika 15% yemakesi.
Statistics
- Vanosvika makumi mana neshanu kubva muzana vevaCanada uye makumi mana muzana evakadzi vekuCanada vanozobatwa negomarara muhupenyu hwavo82.
- Maererano neNational Cancer Institute, muna 2011, kune mazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu zviitiko zvegomarara muFrance. Gore rimwe chetero, nhamba yenzufu dzine chokuita nekenza yakanga iri 365.
- Mumwe muva4 vekuCanada achafa nekenza, zvisinei nekuti murume kana murume. Chirwere chegomarara remapapu ndicho chinokonzeresa zvinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvina chenzufu dzegomarara.
- Mhosva dzegomarara dzakawanda dzirikuonekwa kupfuura kare, muchidimbu nekuda kwekuchembera kwevanhu uye nekuti irikuonekwa zvakanyanya.
Gomarara pasi rose Mhando dzakawanda dzegomarara dzinosiyana munzvimbo nenzvimbo pasi rose. In Asia, kenza yemudumbu, esophagus uye chiropa zvinowanzoitika, kunyanya nokuti kudya kwevagari vemo kunosanganisira chikamu chikuru chemunyu, fodya uye marinated foods. In Sub-Saharan Africa, gomarara rechiropa neremuromo wechibereko rakawanda zvikuru nekuda kwehepatitis uye human papillomavirus (HPV). In North America pamwe chete Europe, kenza dzemapapu, dzekoloni, dzezamu nedzeprostate ndidzo dzakawanda, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu nemhaka yekusvuta, kusadya zvakanaka uye kufutisa. At Japani, kudyiwa kwenyama tsvuku, iyo yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura, yakawedzera kuitika kwekenza yekoloni ka50.3. Vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vanowanzoguma vava nezvirwere zvakafanana nevagari vemunyika yavanogara3,4. |
Kupona mwero
Hapana chiremba anogona kufanotaura nechokwadi kuti gomarara richafamba sei kana kuti sei mikana yekurarama kumunhu chaiwo. Huwandu hwehuwandu hwekupona, zvisinei, hunopa pfungwa yekuti chirwere chinokura sei muboka rakakura revanhu.
Chikamu chikuru chevarwere vanopora kubva kugomarara. Maererano nokuongorora kukuru kwakaitwa muFrance, anopfuura mumwe muvarwere vaviri achiri kurarama makore mashanu aonekwa kuti ane chirwere ichi.1.
Le kurapa rate zvinoenderana nezvakawanda zvezvinhu: rudzi rwegomarara (iyo fungidziro yakanaka kwazvo mune yekenza yekenza, asi zvakanyanya zvakadaro kana iri yepancreatic cancer), kuwanda kwekenza panguva yekuongororwa, kurwara kwesero, kuwanikwa. yekurapa kunoshanda, nezvimwewo.
Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekuona kuoma kwegomarara ndeye TNM classification (Tumor, Node, Metastase), ye "bundu", "ganglion" uye "metastasis".
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Maonero anoita cancer
Gomarara rinowanzotora makore akati kuti kuumbwa, kunyanya muvanhu vakuru. Tinosiyanisa 3 nhanho3 :
- kudzidziswa. Majini esero akakuvadzwa; izvi zvinoitika kazhinji. Somuenzaniso, makenza ari muutsi hwefodya anogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakadaro. Nguva zhinji, sero rinogadzirisa kukanganisa otomatiki. Kana kukanganisa kusingagadzirisiki, sero rinofa. Izvi zvinonzi apoptosis kana serura "kuzviuraya". Kana kugadziridzwa kana kuparadzwa kwesero kukasaitika, sero rinoramba rakakuvadzwa uye rinoenderera kune rinotevera nhanho.
- sero. Zvinhu zvekunze zvichakurudzira kana kusazokurudzira kuumbwa kwesero regomarara. Izvi zvinogona kuva mararamiro emararamiro, akadai sekusvuta, kushayikwa kwekuita muviri, kudya kusina kunaka, nezvimwewo.
- kunoita. Masero anowedzera uye bundu rinoita. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanogona kupinda mune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Muchikamu chayo chekukura, bundu rinotanga kukonzera zviratidzo: kubuda ropa, kuneta, nezvimwe.
Hunhu hwekenza cell
Shanduko dzinoitika mumajini esero kana rikava gomarara rinopfuudzwa kumaseru edzinza raro. |
Magomarara akasiyana
Mhando yega yega yegomarara ine maitiro ayo uye nengozi. Tapota ona mapepa anotevera kuti uwane mamwe mashoko pamusoro pemagomarara aya.
– Gomarara rechibereko
— Cancer colorectal
- Endometrial cancer (muviri wechibereko)
– Gomarara remudumbu
– Gomarara rechiropa
– Gomarara repahuro
– Gomarara regurokuro
– Chirwere chegomarara
– Gomarara reganda
– Gomarara remapapu
– Gomarara reprostate
– Gomarara repazamu
– Testicular cancer
– Gomarara rethyroid
– Gomarara redundiro
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Hodgkin chirwere