La cataract kusagadzikana kweiyo kuona inoitika kana lens, iyi diki denderedzwa lenzi iri kuseri kwemudzidzi, inorasikirwa nayo Pachena.

apo crystalline rinoita makore, mwaranzi yechiedza inosvika kuitina zvishoma, izvo zvinotsanangura kuti nei chiratidzo chinokanganisa. Izwi rekuti cataract rakasarudzwa kurondedzera iyi manzwiro ekutarisa kuburikidza nemvura (kubva muchiLatin cataract, zvinoreva kuti mapopoma). Iyo lenzi inotamba basa rakafanana neiyo lens yekamera yemifananidzo: kutarisisa mufananidzo zvichienderana nedaro kubva kuchinhu chakacherechedzwa. Iyo lens inoita izvi nekukanganisa kushandura kukombama kwayo.

Kazhinji kazhinji, cataract inoumba zvishoma nezvishoma, iine aging. Nekufamba kwenguva, chimiro che lens chinochinja. Hatizive chaizvo kuti sei, asi chikuru fungidziro ndechekuti mapuroteni enzi anoshandurwa nemahara mahara, zvinhu zvinogadzirwa zvakasikwa nemuviri uye zvinobatsira mukukwegura. Mahara radicals akasarudzika chikamu nema antioxidants, anonyanya kuwanikwa kubva kunwiwa michero nemiriwo.

Iyo cataract inomiririra iyo 3^e chikonzero che upofu muCanada. Zvinonyanya kukonzera hupofu - macular degeneration, glaucoma uye cataract - zvinowanzoitika nekukwegura.

Ndiani anobatwa?

From 65 makore, ruzhinji rwevanhu vane yekutanga cataract. Kuvhenekerwa lenzi hakukonzere kusagadzikana kwekuona kana kukaitwa mumativi echipenga eiyo lens.

Mushure mezera re 75 makore, zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvevanhu vekuAmerica vane cataract yakafambira mberi zvakakwana kuti ivhiringidze maonero avo. Iyo kurasikirwa kwemaonero zvinotowedzera kuipa nezera. Kurwara kunokanganisa vese varume nevakadzi.

Types

Kune mafomu akati wandei emakati, ayo anotevera ndiwo makuru.

• Senile cataract. Ruzhinji rwecataract runoitika kune vakwegura. Iyo yakajairika kukwegura maitiro kunogona kutungamira mukuomesa uye kuita gore lens. Makore ane hukama nezera anowanzo kukanganisa ziso rimwe kupfuura rimwe.
• Secondary cataract. Zvimwe hosha (kunyanya chirwere cheshuga, kana chisina kudzorwa zvakanaka), kutora mimwe mishonga (semuenzaniso, cortisone inotorwa nemuromo), kana kuratidzwa kune yakakwira madosi emwaranzi inogona kuve chikonzero checataract. Uye zvakare, kuve nekuvhiyiwa kwemaziso kana kuve nemamwe matambudziko eziso (senge yakakwira myopia, glaucoma kana retinal detachment) inokuita iwe uve panjodzi yematambudziko.
• Inotambudza cataract. Izvo zvinoitika semhedzisiro yekukuvara kweziso kunokanganisa lens: kurova, kucheka, kuratidzwa kune kwakanyanya kupisa, kemikari kupisa, nezvimwe.
• Kurwara muvana. Kurwara kunogona kutanga kubva pakuberekwa, asi kashoma. Inogona kuperekedza chirwere chekuzvarwa (semuenzaniso, trisomy 21) kana zvichikonzerwa nechirwere chinotapukira kubva kuna amai chinotapurirwa kumucheche panguva yepamuviri, senge rubella, toxoplasmosis, genital herpes kana syphilis.

kushanduka

Kana 'kuona zvakanaka inodonha kusvika padanho rekurambidza zvakanyanya zviitiko zvezuva nezuva, ichi chingangodaro chiratidzo checataract. Kazhinji, uku kurasikirwa kwemaonero kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma, pamusoro pemakore akati wandei. Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika nekukurumidza (mukati memwedzi mishoma).

Kana cataract yanyanya kupfuura, iyo mudzidzi haichaonekwi dema, asi panzvimbo pegrey kana a chena mukaka. Mune nhanho yepamberi, chiratidzo chinogona kuve chinogumira pakuona kwechiedza.

Nguva yekubvunza?

La cataract inowanzoonekwa panguva ye bvunzo yeziso nachiremba wemaziso. Chero shanduko muhunhu hwekuona inofanirwa kukurudzira kuona ophthalmologist.