Mukati
Hakuchina hove inokwanisika kupfuura hove yecarp. Inoruma pazvinenge zvese zviredzo uye unogona kuibata nenzira dzakawanda, zviri nyore uye zvakaoma. Uye zvakadaro, ukuru hwehove huchatsamira kwete chete pamhanza uye basa rehove, asiwo pane ruzivo rwemuredzi.
carasius
Crucian, kana Carassius (lat.) - hove kubva kumhuri yecarp. Kune marudzi maviri akazvimirira ehove iyi - Carassius Carassius, kana goridhe crucian, uye Carassius Gibelio, kana sirivheri crucian. Izvo zvakasiyana nemuvara wezviyero, nhamba yezviyero mumutsara we lateral (iyo yegoridhe carp ine inenge 33 yavo, sirivha carp ine zvishoma), nzvimbo yekugara uye kubereka. Zvisikwa zviviri izvi zvinogona kugara pamwechete, zvakaparadzana, kana kuumba vanhu vakaungana, hunhu hwavo mudura hwakafanana. Chimiro chemuviri wecrucian chakafara, zvishoma zvishoma kubva kumativi.
Huremu hwehove dzegoridhe hwakati kurei - hunosvika huremu hwe2.5 kilogiramu uye nezvimwe. Silver carp yakati diki, asi inokura nekukurumidza. Huremu hwayo hwepamusoro makirogiramu maviri. Huremu hwakajairika hwehove dzemarudzi ese ari maviri, ayo anoenda kune anoredza pachiredzo, anobva pamagiramu makumi mashanu kusvika pakirogiramu, kubata vanhu vakakura hakuwanzo.
Iyo crucian inodya ichiri mudiki pa zooplankton, crustaceans. Pakukura, inochinja ichidya zvipembenene zvemumvura, inodya makonye, makonye, uye zvimwe zvipuka zvidiki. Vanhu vakakura vanenge vari omnivorous uye vanogona kutoratidza maitiro ezvikara - izvi zvinoratidzwa nezvakaitika kune vamwe varedzi vakakwanisa kubata crucian carp pane donho-shot muYakutia. Zvisinei, kuredza kwayo kazhinji kunongogumira pazvirauro zvezvirimwa nemhuka.
Mune matura anowanikwa crucian carp
Nzvimbo dzinogarogarwa nehove iyi madziva maduku uye kuseri kwemvura kwakanyarara. Chimiro chehove iyi hachina kunyatsogadzirisa kukunda simba remazuva ano, saka crucian carp inowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzisina iyo kana kana isina simba. Crucian carp inonyatso thermophilic, saka inowanzogara apo kutonhora kwemvura kwakakwirira kudarika mumvura yose - pedyo nekusangana kwemvura inodziya, pedyo nenzvimbo dzinopisa zvinomera zvinopisa, apo mvura inodziya zvakanaka.
Mumadziva nemadziva eSiberia anotonhora kusvika pasi, matanda maduku ane silty muour country, ayo anoomesa anenge akazara mukupisa kwezhizha, haakwanisi kurarama chete, asiwo kuwedzera kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kune izvi. Naizvozvo, madziva akachena ecrucian, uko ari iye ega hove, haana kushoma. Ichokwadi, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, crucian kazhinji inoderera.
Iyo yakadzika iyo crucian inowanikwa kazhinji idiki, kusvika pamamita matatu. Kunyange mumadziva akadzika nemadziva, anofarira mvura iri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa isina kudzika. Nekudaro, kana kudzika kwese kwechidziva kuri kudiki, unogona kusangana nazvo zviri zviviri munharaunda yemahombekombe uye pakati nepakati nemukana wakafanana. Iine muviri wakasimba, iyo inoibvumira kupinda mumakwenzi emiti yemvura uye kutsvaga zvokudya imomo. Kazhinji hove iyi inofarira kugara mumakwenzi akanyanya pasi pemvura, kwainowana chikafu nepekugara.
Carp tsika gore rose
Sezvaunoziva, zvisikwa mumucheka wedu zvinorarama maererano nemitemo yayo, uye gore pano rakakamurwa kuva chando, chitubu, zhizha uye matsutso. Uye hove hadzisi idzo. Maitiro e crucian carp uye kubata kunonyanya kuenderana nemwaka.
chando
Panguva ino, hove zhinji hadzina kushanda. Kupisa kwemvura kunodonha, kwakafukidzwa nechando. Maitiro e photosynthesis anononoka, maererano neizvi, huwandu hweokisijeni mumvura hunoderera. Zvirimwa zvakatanga kufa mumatsutso zvinowira pasi nechando uye zvinotanga kuora, zvichiita murwi wakakora we silt. Sezvo mutemo, kana dziva risina zvitubu zvepasi pemvura, confluence yehova, mafungu, crucian carp munzvimbo dzakadaro ichave isingashandisi kana kusashanda. Inochera mumatope nokuda kwechando, uko inopedza mwedzi inotonhora iri pasi peaizi.
Kana pane zvishoma zvishoma munzvimbo yechando ye crucian carp, iyo inotora iyo yakanyungudutswa carbon dioxide kubva mumiti inoora, crucian carp inogona kuramba yakashanda munzvimbo dzakadaro. Inomuka mumazuva iwayo apo mvura yakanyunguduka inopinda pasi peaizi munguva yechando inonyunguduka. Mazuva ano anouya pakati pekupera kwaMarch, apo iyo yakabudirira zvikuru yekubata hove kubva muchando inoitika.
chitubu
Inouya nekuburitswa kwechidziva kubva muchando. Panguva ino, pre-spawning zhor ye crucian inotanga, iyo iri kugadzirira kubereka. Hove dzinoungana dziri mapoka, ayo anogona kuva emavara akasiyana kana kuumbwa zvichienderana nekukura kwevanhu. Carp vanhu vanogona kuve nekuumbwa kwepabonde kwakasiyana, dzimwe nguva kune hermaphrodite vanhu, dzimwe nguva crucian carp inomiririrwa nevakadzi chete, dzimwe nguva kune huwandu hwevanhu vakasiyana. Imwe nzira, isati yabereka, hove dziri mudziva dzinoedza kunamatira pamwe chete.
Kuredza kunoitwa munzvimbo dzinodziya. Iyo inodziya mvura, iyo inowedzera kushingaira kuruma kuchava. Isati yatanga, muna Chivabvu, macrucians makuru anouya. Hove dzinofarira chirauro chakakura. Iwe unogona hove nezhizha mormyshka, float tsvimbo, pasi gear. Inonyanya kubudirira munzvimbo dzine kudzika kwakadzika, asi zvishoma zvishoma kubva kumhenderekedzo yegungwa, uko hove dzisingatyi mvumbi.
chirimo
Chimiro chenguva yezhizha ndiko kuwanda kwemadziva, uye padanho rekupedzisira, maruva emvura. Crucian inotanga kubereka pakutanga kwezhizha, apo mvura inodziya kusvika ku12-15 degrees. Kubereka kwaro kunoitika munzvimbo dzisina kudzika, mumakwenzi nemibhedha yetsanga, uko kune chimwe chinhu chokukwesha kuti usunungure mabhegi e caviar. Kazhinji, nzvimbo dzekuberekesa dzekugadzira matai anokandwa mumvura mumadziva eguta, zvidimbu zvemirwi uye zvigadzirwa zvekongiri, uye mabhiriji etsoka dzenzira dzekufamba mumapaki.
Kubereka kwecrucian kunotora nguva yakareba, munhu mumwe chete anobereka kakawanda. Macrucians makuru anotanga kubereka, ipapo madiki.
Panguva ino, kuruma kwayo kunonyanya kusakosha, crucian carp inogona kubatwa pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana mukati mezuva, isingawanzopa sarudzo kune chero ipi zvayo.
Kubereka kunopera chete nekutumbuka kwemvura muna Nyamavhuvhu. Panguva ino, hove dzinotanga kubva pakubereka, dzichishingaira kudya zvipembenene zvemvura uye maruva, ayo anowedzera zvakanyanya panguva ino. Nyamavhuvhu ndiyo nguva yakanakisa yekuredza carp.
matsutso
Nekuuya kwemamiriro okunze anotonhora, maawa emasikati anoderedzwa, uye tembiricha yemvura inodonha. Iyo crucian carp inotanga kutama kubva kumhenderekedzo yegungwa, uko mvura ine nguva yekutonhora mukati meusiku. Nekudaro, kwete kure zvakanyanya, nekuti kazhinji hazvisi nyore kuona uye kuwana chikafu pakadzika. Hove dzinofamba dzichienda kwadzinoenda kunopedza chando. Kusiyana nemhando dzakawanda dzehove, crucian carp inoramba ichibatwa netsvimbo yenguva dzose yekuyangarara kusvikira kuchando.
Munyori, semwana, akabata crucian carp panzvimbo yechikoro kusvika muna Gumiguru. Nyaya yacho yaiwanzopera nekusarudzwa kwetsvimbo dzehove mushure mekunyunyuta kuvabereki. Ikozvino hapana anobvisa chirauro, uye chinogona kubatwa kusvika Zvita pane nhunzi inoyangarara.
Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kubata hove yecrucian carp pane gear yepasi ndiyo inonyanya kufarira mukuvhuvhuta. Ivo vanokutendera iwe kuti usashande kuendesa iyo nozzle kure zvakakwana uye haina kunyanyo kuoma. Icho chipingamupinyi chikuru chekushandiswa kwedonka munzvimbo dzecarp iyi inomera yemvura. Nekuvhuvhuta, inova shoma, uye kubata hove nembongoro kunowanikwa.
Nekuonekwa kwemicheto yechando, crucian inenge ichirega kupeck. Kuruma kwayo kunogona chete kushandiswa nekuumbwa kwakazara kwechando, apo pamusoro pemvura inorega kutonhodzwa nemhepo uye mvura inodziya.
Nzira dzokubata hove
Kazhinji carp inobatwa muzhizha pazasi uye inoyangarara giya. Panguva imwecheteyo, mune mamwe madhamu, inoruma zviri nani pasi, uye pane imwe nzvimbo - pane inoyangarara. Nzira yekubata hove pachayo inokosha chete kune muredzi; kune crucian carp, chinhu chikuru mukuruma ndiyo muromo, chirauro uye nzvimbo yekubata hove.
Semuenzaniso, mumadziva akakura zvakanyanya, mumahwindo ezvinomera zvemumvura, uko pasi pakafukidzwa nematanda ehornwort, hazvigoneke kubata pasi. Pane zvinopesana, apo pasi inenge yakachena, kunyange, pasina snags, uye crucian carp haidi kuswedera pedyo nemhenderekedzo, kubata hove negiya rezasi kuchava nyore uye kunounza migumisiro iri nani.
Pfuti dzinozvifambisa dzinowanzoshandiswa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti pane imwe mvura isingazivikanwe yakaoma kuona zvakavimbika nguva yekubuda kwehove kune imwe nzvimbo. Nokudaro, vanoedza kuvhara mutsara wakakura zvakakwana wemahombekombe, vachiisa giya risina kubvumirwa. Carp ine maitiro anogara aripo. Kana nguva nenzvimbo yekubuda yakatemwa, zvakanyanya kunyatso chinja kubva mukubata hove kuenda kune inoshanda giya munzvimbo ino.
tsvimbo inobhururuka
Tora nhamba 1 yecrucian carp. Sezvo hove idzi dzichiwanzofarira nzvimbo dziri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa, kazhinji hazvidiwi kugadzira marefu marefu, shandisa reel. Iwe unogona kupfuura nemwenje uye isingadhure nhunzi tsvimbo, iyo ine tsvimbo ine tambo yekuredza yakasungirirwa pamuromo wayo, yakashongedzerwa nekuyangarara uye chirauro.
Tsvimbo inobhururuka inogona kushandiswa muhurefu hwakasiyana, asi pakubata hove zviri nani kushandisa tsvimbo yemamita 4-6. Kureba kunoda kushandiswa nguva dzose kwema coasters, sezvo zvichange zvakaoma kuzvichengeta mumaoko ako nguva dzose. Zvisinei, pakubata hove yecrucian carp, kushandiswa kwetsvimbo inomira haisi dambudziko, sezvo inobatwa pairigi yakamira. Pamvura yakadzikama, 2-3 tsvimbo dzinowanzo shandiswa, dzinokandwa kure kure kubva kumahombekombe, dzakasiyana siyana dzinoshandiswa. Izvi zvakanyanya kuwedzera mikana yehove inoruma. Iko kugona kubata kubva pazvigadziko kunoita kuti nhunzi ive sarudzo yakanakisa, kunyangwe iine tsvimbo huru inorema, muredzi haaneta uye akati wandei anogona kushandiswa.
Iyo huru yekubatanidza tsvimbo inobhururuka ndeyekuti inobvumidza iwe kukanda midziyo nenzira kwayo, kuita yemhando yepamusoro hoko, shandisa mutete mutsara uye, semhedzisiro, yakareruka inoyangarara ine huremu hushoma pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekubata hove. Kubata hove mumahwindo, kubata hove nekureruka, kubata hove nekunyatso kuburitswa kwemutsara, izvo zvinokutendera kuti uise pachena muromo pazasi yemiriwo kapeti, nerubatsiro rwenhunzi unogona kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani paunenge uchiredza. crucian carp kupfuura kana uchiredza nemamwe magiya.
match tsvimbo
Kwete yakakurumbira kubata, uye zvachose pasina! Pamutengo, kubata hove kwakadaro hakuna kudhura zvakanyanya pane kubata hove pane feeder. Nekudaro, kubata hove kwemachisi kwakanakira nzvimbo dzakakosha. Inokubvumira kukanda giya nemazvo zvakakwana, kubata pazasi yakakombama kana yakawandisa, kubata hove mumaguta ane madhiri uye madhamu emudhorobha, uko kuchange kuine zvikorekedzo zvakawanda uye mawere paunenge uchibata hove pagiya rezasi.
Panguva imwecheteyo, tsvimbo yemutambo inokubvumira kuti ubate zvikamu zviri kure kubva kumahombekombe. Uchishandisa machisi emazuva ano pop-up floats uye rigging, unogona kuona zvakajeka kuruma kure kure nemhenderekedzo yegungwa, chengetedza iyo inoyangarara kubva pakudzingwa nemhepo nekubatsirwa kwehurongwa hwezviredzo zvakarara pasi.
Iwe unogona kubudirira kukanda mumahwindo makuru ari chinhambwe kubva kumahombekombe, uchikweva hove kuti uunganidze huswa hushoma pane hwaizove negiya rezasi.
Bologna hove tsvimbo
Haisi kazhinji inoshandiswa kubata carp. Kubata kwakadaro kunoratidzwa zvizere chete mukosi, uko isingawanzobatwa. Asi dzimwe nguva, kana uchibata sirivheri carp mumatanho, ndiyo lapdog inova sarudzo yakanyanya kunaka. Kazhinji, iyo Bolognese hove tsvimbo yecrucian carp inoshandiswa mumvura yakadzikama, kwavanoda kuita tambo refu kubva kumahombekombe. Panguva imwecheteyo, inorasikirwa zvakanyanya mune zviri nyore kubata, uye muhuwandu, uye mukururama kwekukanda netambo yemutambo. Uye kana uchibata hove kubva kumahombekombe pasina kukanda nereel, tackle ichave yakanyanya kurema uye yakaoma kupfuura nhunzi ine hunyanzvi hwakafanana. Zvisinei, kana pasina imwe tsvimbo yekubata hove, Bologna tackle ichaita.
Donka
Kuredza kwepasi kwecrucian carp kunozviratidza zvakanyanya munguva yekupedzisira, nekutanga kwekutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze. Panguva ino, zvinomera zvemumvura zvinofa, donka richatakura huswa hushoma. Kazhinji, muzhizha, pamwe chete nehove, imwe hafu yepaundi yemadzinde emvura inoburitswa. Nokudaro, chirairo chinofanira kuva chakasimba zvakakwana kuti chimirire zvose izvi. Setsvimbo mudhongi re "Soviet" sampuli, vanoshandisa yakachipa fiberglass kuruka, vanoisa isingadhure inertial reel, shandisa yakaringana gobvu mutsara mukuru, sekutonga, vanoibata isina anodyisa. Iyo yekubata iri nyore kwazvo, asi ine akawanda akashata ayo mamwe epasi anobata, iyo feeder, inonyimwa.
Kazhinji kazhinji, panzvimbo yembongoro ine tsvimbo, rudzi rwekudya runoshandiswa - kubata carp nebhandi elastic. Elastic band idhongi umo mune elastic band kureba kwemamita 3-10 pakati pemutsara mukuru une zvikorekedzo uye siker. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kukanda zvakare chibatiso nekurumwa kazhinji, uye gara uchidzosera machira panzvimbo imwe chete. Zvechokwadi, kureba kureba kuchave kupfupi munyaya iyi. Asi kana uchibata hove yecrucian carp, kureba kwenguva refu hakuwanzodiwa.
feeder uye picker
Ndivo kumwe kukwidziridzwa kwepasi tsvimbo yekubata hove, yemazuva ano uye yakasununguka. Iwo makuru maficha emagiya aya kushandiswa kweyakakosha inochinjika tipi sechinhu chekuruma chiratidzo chekuruma. Vanokutendera kuti uite zvakanyatsorurama uye kure kukanda nehuremu hushoma, izvo zvakakosha pakuredza pakati pehuswa. Pakupedzisira, kubata nechiedza chinonyura chichaunganidza zvishoma zvacho. Zvose tambo dzehove uye tambo zvinoshandiswa, nepo tambo yekubata hove yecrucian carp ichave yakanakira.
Kuredza kazhinji kunoitwa pakadzika pasi, chinhambwe chipfupi kubva kumahombekombe. Kubata hove yecrucian carp pane picker, rudzi rwekudyisa, inokubvumira kuwana mufaro mukuru kubva pakukwevera hove pane yakaonda uye yakareruka tackle. Uye zvakare, iyo inonhonga pachayo mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro ichave yakanyanya nyore, sezvo mhenderekedzo yegungwa inowanzozara nemakwenzi nemiti.
Kazhinji, kana uchibata crucian carp, flat feeder inoshandiswa. Iyo "method" yemhando yecarp feeder inonyura zvishoma musiriri uye inopa chikafu zviri nani pamusoro payo kupfuura yekare "cage" feeder. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, inonyanya kudiwa pamhando yebheti uye batch. Banjo-type feeder inokubvumira kuti ubate kunyange kubva pamakapeti emiti yemvura, kana mutoro usina kunyudzwa muhupamhi hwayo. Kazhinji, kana uchibata crucian carp, zvikorekedzo zvinoramba zviri mubheti kuti zvipe zvikorekedzo zvishoma. Iyoyo musimboti unoitwa mune yekuzvigadzira yekubata "nipple".
"Cork", "zamu", "phantomas"
Mazita ese aya anoreva dhizaini yekumba, kana zvikorekedzo zvine muromo pane leashes zvakanyikwa mune yekudyisa yakazadzwa nechirauro uye yakavhurika zvachose kune rimwe divi. Leashes inowanzosungirirwa kune siker pachayo. Uye inosungirirwa patambo yekuredza uye inokandwa kure nemhenderekedzo. Nokudaro, zvikorekedzo zvinenge zvakachengetedzwa zvachose kubva kune zvikokovonho zvealgae.
Crucian carp, inoswedera kune mufudzi uye kudya zvokudya, inogonawo kukwevera zvikorekedzo mukuita, ichiwira kwavari. Nokudaro, havazobati kunyange kana chirauro chichidyiwa - shure kwezvose, hove dzichagara pavari.
Iko kusakosha kukuru kwekubata kwakadaro ndeyekuti iwe unoda kushandisa zvikorekedzo zviduku, zvinenge zvimedza. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti mhuka huru ichava hove duku, sezvo ichanzwa uye ichipfira hove huru, nokuti kubata hakubvumirwi, uye hapana kusungirirwa panguva yakakodzera.
Izvo zvakare zvinove zvisingagoneke kubata pane musimboti wekubata uye kusunungura, kubata carp pane mhenyu chirauro. Ihove inomedza chirauro chiduku zvakadzika, saka unofanira kutora zvose uye wobva waibva. Zvakanakisisa kuita kuti mashizha abviswe kuitira kuti utore hove kubva pahove kumba. Zviri nani gare gare, munzvimbo yakadzikama, kuona mutsara wehove uchibuda mumuromo wehove, uye woibudisa kunze pamwe chete nechiredzo paunenge uchichera. Kupfuura dhonza chirauro panguva yekubata hove, cheka, uikanganwa muhove uye ugoidya iwe pachako mushure. Zvigadzirwa zvakadaro mukuredza kwemazuva ano hazvigone kutariswa zvakanyanya, sezvo zvichave zvakaderera kune mamwe ese magiya maererano nekubata, kubata kukwezva uye kunaka kwehove.
zhizha mormyshka
Nokuti kubata carp inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kubudirira. Muchirimo, kana mvura ichitonhora zvakakwana, inokubvumira kukwezva hove kune chirauro nekutamba. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakanakisisa kushandisa jigs maviri - imwe inorema, iyo inowanzoita basa remutoro chete, uye yechipiri, chiedza, inosungirirwa kumusoro. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti "udzike" mutambo nekuisa mormyshka yakaderera pasi, sezvo crucian carp inotora bait yakamira zviri nani. Panzvimbo pepamusoro mormyshka, unogona kusungira hokore nyore ne nozzle.
Imwe "specialization" yezhizha mormyshka iri kubata hove munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa uye mahwindo. Pano tambo yekubata hove haibvi kubva kune yakamira. Nokudaro, zvinokwanisika kubata kunyange mumahwindo maduku, pakati pemashanga etsanga, kudzivisa zvikorekedzo. Hazvigoneki kuti zvichave zvichibvira kuita izvi mune dzimwe nzira, kunze kwekubhururuka netsvimbo, asi kuchine ngozi yakakura yekubata kana kuvhiringidza kubata.
Mutambo wechando
Nguva yechando yekubata hove yecrucian carp haina kusiyana nekubata hove ye roach, kunze kwekuti iyo tackle inotorwa yakasimba. Shandisa mormyshka uye tsvimbo yekuredza inoyangarara. Zvakanakisisa kushandisa tsvimbo dzakadaro dzinokubvumira kumisa mutambo nechirauro uye panguva ino hove dzinoruma. Kazhinji vanobatwa netsvimbo dzakawanda, vachitamba nechirauro vachichinjana kana kuti vasingatambe zvachose.
Boka rechipiri remagetsi echando ndiro misungo yakasiyana-siyana. Kubata crucian pamichinjikwa, zherlitsy yakakurumbira, kunyanya pane dziva risingazivikanwe, kwavasati vaziva nzvimbo yekurumwa kwayo kwakanyanya. Makonye anoshandiswa seredzo dzekuteya, dzimwe nguva zviredzo zvemuriwo, pellets kana chikafu chembwa kubva mumabhegi.